What does blue mean?

We live in a colorful world and always feel that red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple bring us endless spiritual pleasure. Colors are decorated with green mountains and green waters with light steps, and garden buildings are dotted with family rooms and shop windows. Four seasons clothing, three meals a day, daily utensils ... all add luster to it. With the development of economy, the beautification of color is becoming more and more important, and the application scope of color will become more and more extensive.

First, the basic knowledge about color

Color is produced by the light emitted and reflected by objects through vision. The eyes can perceive electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of 390~770 mm, which is only a tiny part of the whole electromagnetic spectrum.

Color has three main factors: hue, chroma and chroma. There are both differences and close ties between them. Normal people's visual psychology of observing things is nothing more than taking their colors. And color often takes the lead with its special function.

Color is closely related to people, and different colors bring different physiological and psychological feelings to people. Color will directly affect people's mood and work efficiency. Because people's life experiences, traditional habits, ages and personalities are different, their psychological reactions to colors are naturally different.

"Color is the language of emotion", and different emotions can be induced according to different colors. We can arrange the colors into an emotional chromatogram.

Red: enthusiasm, joy, courage and enthusiasm.

Yellow: Brilliant, solemn, noble and loyal.

Blue: quiet, deep, gloomy, gloomy.

Green: health, liveliness, vitality and development.

Black: silence, mystery, terror and purity.

White: monotonous, simple, frank and pure.

Gray: harmonious, vigorous, static and sad.

Color: miscellaneous, dazzling, gorgeous and unreal.

These colors can form different emotions, which is people's psychological reaction to colors. People color their specific emotions and images, and in turn beautify life, beautify the environment and beautify everything with various colors; Feel the incomparable rich color beauty from it, and get psychological and physical pleasure from it. Colors have the following characteristics:

1。 Cold and warm feeling of color: color can bring warm or cool comfort to people's physiology, and also make people feel hot or cold. Colors close to the spectrum, such as red, orange and yellow, naturally remind people of sunshine and flame, or give people a warm or dry feeling. Light blue, blue-green, blue-purple, and white are associated with blue sky, ocean, and ice and snow, which can make people cool and comfortable, and can also make people cold and lonely. Different effects mainly depend on people's psychological factors. It is hot in summer, and people choose light and cool colors with less light absorption, such as white and blue, in order to adjust the physiological and psychological differences between cold and hot feelings. Choose warm or dark colors in winter.

2。 Color sense: bright color is light and dark color is heavy. Light blue and green make people feel light, while black, red and orange make people feel heavy. In order to make the "roller" heavier, the appearance of the cast iron roller still keeps its black color. The electric iron is used to iron clothes, and it needs to show a certain sense of weight, so it is often used in the ironing part. Using light green instead of black as the decorative color of the packing box can make the stevedores feel relaxed and improve their work efficiency.

3。 Spatial sense of color: Generally speaking, warm colors make people feel that they occupy a lot of space and are close to people. High brightness white also has this effect. Everyone feels the spread of color and the increase of space, while cool colors are just the opposite. Colors such as cyan, purple and green will make people feel shrinking, shrinking and far away. Using this illusion can benefit people a lot. Taking the red light as the stop signal and the yellow sign as the danger all make use of the diffusion characteristics of these colors. The white screen is set off by the gray-black TV frame, which makes the screen look bigger and satisfies people's psychology of watching a bigger screen. It is suggested that thin people wear less black clothes and choose reasonable clothes according to the effect of color space.

4。 Cleanliness of colors: Some colors make people feel dirty, while others are clean. Pale yellow in white suggests cleanliness. Adding green or light blue to white is reminiscent of crystalline ice. Dark, dark red, purple blue and other turbid colors often make people feel or doubt whether there is dirt hidden behind them. Therefore, sanitary products, tableware, etc. , absolutely won't choose this color.

5。 Interest in color: color itself has no emotion and interest. However, due to the influence of national habits, traditional hobbies and religion, various associations can be generated, so that colors contain various tastes of human beings. Red makes people warm, excited and cheerful; Green makes people calm, peaceful and gentle. The feudal rulers of China symbolized the supremacy of yellow. However, some countries regard yellow as a symbol of despair and even death. China people wear white clothes as mourning clothes, while westerners use white clothes as wedding dresses. In short, color can only bring beauty to people if it is combined with certain content. For example, the green light of sapphire is beautiful, but people see the green light from the wolf's eyes in the dark as a fear rather than beauty.

In addition to the above characteristics, due to the colorful life fun and different tastes of food, we tend to have a preference for certain things and show a strong tendency. This tendency is called "color preference".

Commonly used medical devices are mostly painted white, and electromechanical dangerous parts generally prefer to use red. Once the color preference is formed, it has relative stability. People's physiological and psychological state also plays a limiting role in the choice of color.

Heat treatment equipment is often painted with lead color, because lead color is "cool color", which can reduce psychological temperature.

The wood processing equipment should be light green, because wood grain is warm. The quiet tone of light green should be used to alleviate and eliminate the operator's anxiety caused by being surrounded by warm colors. Dark objects will make people feel heavy, and light objects will make people feel "light". Therefore, if you can add blue or light green to a pet's things, it seems that it can alleviate people's sense of depression and keep a relaxed attitude.

Customs and habits also contribute to the formation of color preference. Americans use red to mean clean, while China people use white to mean clean. This will lead to different color preferences in hygiene. These phenomena show that color and color preference have both scientific and reasonable factors and unreasonable factors according to habits. It is necessary to combine relevant psychological, physiological and aesthetic knowledge with specific situations.

Color beauty is one of the important factors that constitute formal beauty. Because color is a feeling produced by different spectral effects on retina, the beauty of color is directly related to human physiological and psychological factors. Being able to consciously apply the law of formal beauty, understand the general knowledge of color, and properly and reasonably use the transparency, weight, space, warmth, cleanliness, softness and strength of color will produce high aesthetic value and special medical effect.

Beautiful colors require distinctness, richness, harmony and unity. Bright red can cause strong stimulation to the vision and easily cause people's distinct aesthetic feeling. Railways, navigation and aviation all choose the penetrating red as the stop signal, which undoubtedly takes advantage of the distinctive characteristics of red.

Abundance is the second requirement of color beauty. If the color is rich, the aesthetic feeling will be substantial and lasting. After the Tiananmen underground passage is decorated with a new environment, it has rich and colorful colors and a seamless aesthetic feeling. If you stroll along Nanjing Road at night, the first thing that attracts attention and beauty is the colorful flashing neon lights.

Color beauty requires harmony and unity, which is the highest requirement for color beauty. Considering the overall effect of color, we should pay attention to proper primary and secondary, prominent focus, sharp contrast and overall harmony. Let the beauty of function and color complement each other as much as possible, and it is natural.

Second, the special medical function of color

Ancient Chinese medicine has long combined color with basic clinical techniques? "Green is liver, red is heart, white is lung, yellow is spleen and black is kidney". By observing the color expression of the face, we can infer the change of visceral pain.

According to legend, color therapy was very popular in ancient Egypt and India. In modern times, German medical expert Moore used colored electromagnetic waves to amplify appropriate colors and input them into patients to treat various diseases. Red is used to treat small intestine diseases, blue is used to treat lung and large intestine diseases, and yellow is used to treat spleen and pancreas diseases. This method of treating diseases in different parts with different colors is very similar to the viscera collapse in ancient China to some extent. In countries with completely different backgrounds and customs, is there any internal connection between this phenomenon with the same result and the same viewpoint? What is the scientific basis of color therapy? It has attracted the interest of many scholars, and it is also an interesting subject worthy of further study. At present, more scholars have taken the initiative to apply color to medical clinic.

In people's minds, white is a symbol of the hospital. People have a sense of security, and the relationship between white and hospital is confirmed in the information of visual reflection. Psychologically, there is a calm and clean mentality. Some scholars believe that green can make people's nerves quiet, not easy to make their eyes tired, and has a good sense of comfort to patients and medical staff. Therefore, the medical departments in some countries have changed the walls, sheets, clothes and hats from white to green. However, in recent years, ophthalmologists at Aichi University in Japan have found through experiments that looking at a color for a long time will reduce people's vision. In the same long time, the decline caused by yellow is the strongest, followed by green. But it takes the longest time to restore normal vision after the return. Therefore, whether to use green instead of white in hospitals is still controversial. The green environment can make people have a kind of association of returning to nature, and can achieve the function of cultivating mood and regulating psychological activities. In this environment, we can observe the temperature drop of human skin 1 ~ 2℃. The heartbeat can be reduced by 4 to 8 times per minute, and breathing can be steady and slow. Therefore, building some green spaces with natural scenery in hospitals is beneficial to the rehabilitation of patients. Blue has a calming effect. People who fly will feel safe and calm when they see the blue inner wall of the cabin, thus enjoying air travel. This is undoubtedly the emotional effect of color. Living in a blue environment can not only relieve the tense psychological state, but also reduce the fever. The pink environment can calm people down and make themselves quiet. At the San Bernardino Detention Center in California, whenever a prisoner makes trouble, he will be put in a pink cell. 10 minutes later, the prisoner becomes quiet and even dozes off, which can avoid trouble. Using this, the blood pressure of patients with hypertension can be stabilized. Therefore, in some hospitals, the walls of hypertension wards are painted pink to play an auxiliary treatment role. Doctors in some maternity hospitals wear pink overalls to help pregnant women adjust their mood, relieve the symptoms of pregnancy-induced hypertension and facilitate normal delivery. From the physiological point of view, appreciating beautiful colors can promote the human body to secrete some healthy hormones, enzymes and other substances, which can regulate blood flow and excite nerve cells. In short, various color environments are beneficial to different patients, while monotonous colors are not conducive to patients' physical and mental health. Whether white will still be the main theme of hospitals in the future is a new topic worthy of in-depth discussion.