How to treat vitiligo

Condition analysis: Because the cause of vitiligo is unknown, the current treatment are symptomatic. The main use of various methods to control the progress of the disease to make it stable, and then make the pigmentation of the lesion area to recover, to achieve the form and function of the repair.

A, drug treatment

1, oral drugs:

(1) glucocorticoids: commonly used prednisone can effectively control the progression of the disease, to prevent the disease from gradually worsening.

(2) Chinese medicinal preparations: such as vitiligo pills, white spirit tablets orally, can treat various types of vitiligo.

2, local topical drugs:

(1) tacrolimus: the use of this drug to treat vitiligo can effectively help to restore skin color and reduce the progression of white spots, and can be used in genitals and other parts of the skin that are delicate.

(2) Hormone ointment: such as mometasone furoate cream, can prevent the spread of white spots and help restore skin color, but the application of this type of drug should prevent complications such as capillary dilation and skin atrophy.

(3) Vitamin D3 derivatives: can be used externally carbotriol or tacalcitol ointment, and NB-UVB can be used in combination to enhance the efficacy.

(4) nitrogen mustard ethanol: nitrogen mustard hydrochloride, isoprinosine and glycerol dissolved in 95% ethanol for external use, need to be freshly prepared, stored in the refrigerator.

Two, surgical treatment

When patients apply drug therapy is ineffective, and is in the stabilization of limited small area of white spots, especially segmental, can consider the application of surgical or endosurgical combined therapy. Surgical treatment of vitiligo has transplantation therapy, tattooing method and skin abrasion 3 kinds, of which transplantation therapy is more widely used, can be divided into tissue transplantation and cell transplantation. Surgical treatment is not suitable for young children, because of its poor compliance.

1, tissue transplantation: that is, the use of different methods of skin removal, from the patient's own naked eye normal skin from the donor skin, and its transplantation to the white spots of a treatment method. Tissue transplantation includes full-thickness drilling transplantation, thin-layer chipping transplantation, single follicle transplantation and hair blister transplantation.

2, cell transplantation:

(1) At present there are two kinds, namely, epidermal cell suspension transplantation and cultured melanocyte transplantation, the latter is borrowed from cell culture to increase the? The number of cultured melanocytes is then transplanted to the white spots in a kind of surgery. Generally, melanocytes are isolated from the patient's skin for culture, multiplication, and finally transplantation.

(2) The success rate of transplantation is affected by many factors. Studies have shown that there are microenvironmental changes at the white spots. In addition, whether there is any change in melanocytes after in vitro culture, whether there is any possibility of aberration in the normal karyotype of chromosomes, whether there is any adverse effect of the transplanted piece on the human body, and the long-term effect, etc., need to be further observed and researched.

Three, physical therapy

1, phototherapy: phototherapy is the use of different wavelengths of light source of the physical characteristics of the treatment of a variety of skin diseases, commonly used laser, ultraviolet and infrared light.

(1) narrow-wave ultraviolet UVB311nm: in 1997, some experts use irradiation alone to treat white keloid, compared with PUVA UVB 67%, that the band of ultraviolet irradiation without phototransformative reaction, phototoxicity is small, the pigment recovery is more consistent, the color difference is small, and the efficacy of the treatment is good. Long-term irradiation of the skin without hyperkeratosis, short course of treatment, safety.

(2) Single-frequency excimer laser UVB308nm: This is a new type of ultraviolet light source, also known as target UVB, and traditional ultraviolet therapy compared to three characteristics:

(1) the number of treatments required and the cumulative dose of irradiation is less.

(2) Good patient compliance.

(3) Its beam is only a few centimeters, exposing only the affected skin to the irradiated light.

2, decolorization treatment: decolorization therapy, also known as reverse therapy, the use of decolorizing agents applied to the edge of the untreated white spots overly colored skin, so that it becomes lighter, close to normal skin color, that is, to reduce the color difference, to achieve the purpose of beauty. For many kinds of treatment is ineffective and the white spot area reaches 50%~80% of the body surface area, it can be recommended to perform decolorization therapy. Commonly used decolorizing agents are 3%~20% hydroquinone monophenyl ether cream, 3%~10% hydrogen peroxide liquid and so on. However, the external use of these decolorizing agents may not necessarily achieve the expected results, and the time required for decolorization is also longer, generally to be used externally for 10 months or longer; a few cases applying decolorizing agents to decolorize the site may also induce new white spots. Topical decolorants also have some adverse reactions, so the choice of this treatment should be carried out under the strict guidance of a doctor.

Four, psychological treatment

Pay attention to the combination of work and rest, mood, and actively cooperate with the treatment of patients who are depressed about the disease, psychological guidance, so that patients are positive and optimistic about the disease, to avoid having a heavy psychological burden.

Fifth, Chinese medicine treatment

Chinese medicine treatment is applicable to all types of vitiligo, the liver and depression, blood to the wind is the main law of the treatment of vitiligo. The treatment is based on the identification and use of nourishing the liver and tonifying the kidney, adjusting the immune system of the drug. At the same time, taking into account in favor of restoring or accelerating melanocyte synthesis of melanin, can be added to the prescription, as appropriate, Angelica dahurica, sole living, atractylodes macrocephala, Tiger Balm, Salvia divinorum, bone marrow and other substances rich in saki coumarin.