Teaching plan for appreciation and analysis of Yuan Qu, a compulsory course of Chinese in senior high school.

Teaching plan is a practical teaching document designed and arranged by teachers in order to carry out teaching activities smoothly and effectively, according to the requirements of teaching syllabus and teaching materials, combined with the actual situation of students, taking class hours or topics as units. The face is the teaching plan of Appreciation of Yuanqu, a compulsory course of Chinese in senior high school, which I compiled for you. I hope it helps you!

Teaching plan for appreciation and analysis of Yuan Qu, a compulsory course of Chinese in senior high school.

Teaching objectives:

1. Understand the characteristics of China ancient operas, the structure of Yuan Zaju and its unique stage language.

2. Appreciate the dramatic conflicts and the typical significance of the characters in Dou Eyuan, Peony Pavilion and Romance of the West Chamber.

Teaching focus:

1. Appreciating personalized written language and appreciating the unique style of natural language are the key points of this course.

2. The combination of realism full of life breath and romanticism full of strange imagination is the difficulty in the teaching of this course.

Teaching methods:

Speaking and reading, using multimedia equipment, we can intuitively appreciate opera fragments and improve our appreciation ability.

Class schedule: 1 class hour

First, import.

(projection: small stage, big stage of heaven and earth)

Drama is different from novels, essays and poems. It is a comprehensive performance art, and it is the general name of stage performance art that achieves narrative purpose in the form of language, action, dance, music and puppet. The concept of drama in literature refers to the script created for drama performance, that is, the script. There are various forms of theatrical performances, including drama, opera, ballet, musical, puppet show and so on. But from the moment it comes into being, it is a true reflection of life, which comes from life and shows life to the fullest, so that we can feel the true meaning of life while being influenced by art.

The Yuan Dynasty was the prosperous period of China's classical drama art, and there were certain reasons for its prosperity. First of all, the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty attached importance to Buddhism and Taoism and despised Confucianism. Many literati are useless and entertain themselves to create zaju. Secondly, the economy of the Yuan Dynasty rose from waste to prosperity, with a developed urban economy and a large population. Third, the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty preferred the art of singing and dancing. Fourthly, the spread of northern folk music is integrated with the culture of the Central Plains, which enriches the forms of drama.

Second, a brief introduction to Yuanqu.

1, the type of Yuanqu.

Yuanqu is a representative literary style in Yuan Dynasty. Including opera and Sanqu. Drama includes Southern Opera and Zaju. Zaju and Nanxi both have complete story lines, and the lyrics in the script are very lyrical.

Sanqu is a new poetic style after poetry. Later, Song Ci became more and more exquisite, which did not meet the people's aesthetic needs. In addition, with the integration of northern minority music and China culture, a new kind of music appeared. Under the influence of this kind of music, we call it? Sanqu? The poetic style of. Compared with Song Ci, Sanqu can be written in popular language, with more layers.

[Double tone? Indulge in the East Wind: Guan Hanqing

Looking at the sky, the moon is short of bloom, holding the farewell cup, with tears in his eyes. Did you just say that? Take care, okay? The pain is unbearable. A good walker looks forward and backward, Wan Li.

Ma Zhiyuan is known as? Qu zhuangyuan? His Sanqu has made great achievements in art. Ma Zhiyuan's Sanqu is more traditional literati.

[Tianjingsha] Qiu Si: Ma Zhiyuan

Old vines are faint crows, small bridges are flowing, and old roads are thin horses. When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world.

[Huang Zhong? Full Moon] Spring Festival Evening Rhyme: Zhang Kejiu

The lush grass is in a mess, and I'm worried about the sunset. Don't drink short wine, draw a boat in Pinghu and enjoy the willows. A birdsong, a rainy night and a shareholder wind. Peach blossoms blow out, where is beauty, and the door is red.

2. Yuan Zaju system.

Yuan Zaju is a form of China traditional opera. Singing in northern music is an organic combination of singing, speaking and dancing. Moreover, there is a literary script, which combines verse and prose and has a complete structure.

(1) scripting system.

When it comes to Yuan Zaju, we should say a noun. 40% off and a wedge? . This is a basic system of Yuan Zaju. This is the case with "Dou Eyuan" in our textbook. Wedge and the first three folds are selected in the textbook.

Yuan Zaju usually consists of four folds, which are generally the beginning, development, climax and ending of the story. You can add one or two wedges to the 60% discount, and the wedges are generally placed before the first discount to introduce the plot; It can also be placed between 20% and 20% for cutting. There are also a few zaju that have broken through the form of 60% discount. For example, The Romance of the West Chamber is a series of five plays, with a discount of 8. 1.

Musically, each fold consists of several tunes in the same palace tune, each tune belongs to a certain palace tune, and the first tune of each tune in the script is marked with the palace tune.

The literary elements of Yuan Zaju scripts include lyrics and oral dialogue. Lyrics are the main body. Song is lyrical and white is narrative. White is the confession and dialogue of characters, which are generally divided into two categories, one is rhyming and the other is scattered white. The former is mostly the last poem with two sentences and four sentences. The latter takes many forms.

② Singing system.

The outstanding feature of Yuan Zaju's singing is the form of one-man lead singer. No matter how many roles you play, the lead singer can only be Zheng Dan or Zheng Di, and the other roles can only be Bai Bin or Liu Ke. Original name? Danben? What's your name later? The last book? Dou Eyuan is Dan Ben.

③ Role system.

The roles of Yuan Zaju can be divided into five categories: Dan, Mei, Jing, Ugly, Miscellaneous and Miscellaneous.

Dan: The role of playing women can be divided into Lao Dan, Waidan, Dadan, Xiao Dan, Tiedan, Chadan and Hua Dan. Zheng Dan: Singing the heroine. A foreign actress or a little actress of a foreign actress.

End: Play the role of a man. Comprises a positive end, a small end, an impact end and an auxiliary end. Zhengmo is the main actor in singing, while Waimo and Auxiliary Mo are the secondary actors. Chongmo is a debut actor.

Jie Chou: A person who usually plays a villain or a funny person. Among them, all are painted faces, and the ugly ones are clowns.

Miscellaneous: actors other than the above three categories. They either show the status of the characters in the play, or show their good and evil, age and temperament. Driving? Emperor; Lonely? Officials; Old? An older man; Bor? Older women; Bang Lao? Robber; Refined acid? Scholars; He Dan? Peasant girl.

(4) Family members.

The main movements, expressions and stage effects specified in the script are called jokes. (gag) refers to all kinds of funny interludes in drama, which are used to enliven the stage atmosphere. Adjust the audience psychology.

3. Famous people and masterpieces in Yuan Dynasty.

Four masters of Yuan Opera: Dou Eyuan by Guan Hanqing and Autumn in Han Palace by Ma Zhiyuan.

Wu Tongyu by Bai Pu and Away from the Soul by Zheng Guangzu.

The six masters of Yuanqu: Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Bai Pu and Zheng Guangzu,

Wang Shifu's The West Chamber and George's The Marriage of Two Generations.

Four tragedies of Yuan Qu: Dou Eyuan of Guan Hanqing and Wu Tongyu of Bai Pu,

Ma Zhiyuan's Autumn in the Han Palace and Ji's The Orphan of Zhao.

Four major love dramas in Yuan Dynasty: Guan Hanqing's Yue Bai Palace and Wang Shifu's The West Chamber,

Bai Pu's Out of the Wall Immediately, Zheng Guangzu's Ghost Story.

Third, a brief introduction to the famous works.

1, Dou Eyuan:

Guan Hanqing, a zaju writer in Yuan Dynasty. The number has been lent. What does Jia's ghost book call him? Liyuan leader, editor-in-chief, and head of the zaju troupe? This shows his position in Yuan Zaju. Guan Hanqing once gave a performance of "A Flower in Lunan" to actor Julian as a gift, which shows his close relationship with the actor. He used to call himself:? I am the leader of the world husband, and I am the leader of the world prodigal son. ? In A Flower in Lu Nan? At the end of Not Old, I am more arrogant and stubborn. I am a copper pea, which can't be steamed, boiled, beaten, fried or exploded. .

Dou E is a kind and difficult woman. She comes from a scholarly family. Who is her father? Young scholars, full of articles? A scholar. Dou E was born in a poor family and lost her mother when she was three years old. She suffered from the loss of her mother and poverty at an early age, and developed a filial character from an early age. In order to pay her debts, her father had the heart to betray her and let her become the child bride of the creditor Cai, which aggravated the trauma of her young mind. She lived in Cai Jiasheng for quite a long time. Unexpectedly, at the age of 17, that is, shortly after marriage, her husband died of illness, and Dou E immediately became a widow. The vicissitudes of the world and the ensuing suffering not only tempered Dou E's psychological endurance to cope with disasters, but also made her right? Constant? Justice of doubt. As soon as she appeared, she sang sadly: Full of luxury, banned for a few years, who knows? If God knows my reasons, I'm afraid I won't be with God. ? Dou E's mother-in-law Cai made money by lending money? Mutton profit? Sailu, unable to repay her debts, began to kill Cai's mother-in-law, and Cai was accidentally saved by Zhang Lver and his son at a critical juncture. However, Zhang and his son were up to no good and took the opportunity to take Cai's mother-in-law for themselves. Dou E is determined not to follow suit. Zhang donkey bears a grudge, secretly prepares poison while Cai is seriously ill, waiting for an opportunity to kill Cai and forcing him to remarry; However, by mistake, Zhang's father accidentally drank poisoned soup and fell to the ground and died; When Zhang Lver saw it, he immediately had a bad idea and blamed Dou E for it. Officer. Threatened, but actually forced Dou E? Solve it? . Is innocent, not afraid of a lawsuit with Zhang donkey. I thought the government could make a clear judgment. Unexpectedly, corrupt officials, regardless of right and wrong, were partial to hearing and believing, jumping to conclusions and beheading Dou E, which caused a strange injustice throughout the ages. Later, Dou was admitted to the Jinshi, and went to visit the government and visited the officials. Dou E's ghost complained to her father, and Dou found out the truth and took revenge.

The image of Dou E: Dou E is a strong female image. According to the article, one? Unfair? The word runs through, and an unjust sentence leads to Dou E's resentment, sadness and hatred, which gradually and profoundly shows Dou E's rebellious spirit and highlights her heroic character. From the last game, Dou E first told her that she was punished for breaking the law inexplicably with a beautiful tune, and then said how unfair it could be. Earthshaking? . Accusations and accusations of heaven and earth ghosts and gods in Rolling Hydrangea (blackboard writing). It well embodies Dou E's rebellious spirit. Then, in the farewell part of her mother-in-law, the other side of Dou E's personality was fully displayed: pure kindness (writing on the blackboard) and beautiful mind. From Dou E's actions and his speech, we can know that Dou E is strong and he insists on talking. An excellent course in the face of torture. But in order not to let her mother-in-law be beaten, she was forced to confess. Even if I take the backstreet, I'm afraid my mother-in-law will be sad to see her punished. In such a tragic situation, she is still encouraging her mother-in-law to take care of herself and not be too sad. Dou E's kind character and beautiful heart are fully displayed in front of people. When these three oaths were carried out, especially the third oath, Dou E pointed the edge of the struggle at corrupt officials and those who ignored human life. This is Dou E's strong dissatisfaction and resolute struggle against unfair punishment, and it is the peak of her rebellious character. Here, it is the climax of the whole drama and the most successful portrayal of Dou E, which perfectly embodies the rebellious spirit of the protagonist. In this way, the image of an ancient young woman who is hardworking, upright and kind, but has a strong rebellious spirit, stands in front of us plump and vividly.

2. The West Chamber

The Romance of the West Chamber originated from Yuan Zhen's legendary novel Yingying Biography in Tang Dynasty. It tells the story that Zhang Xun, a scholar, fell in love with Cui Yingying, the daughter of the late Guo Xiang, who also lived in Pujiu Temple. With the help of the maid matchmaker, they dated in the west wing, and Yingying finally committed herself. Later, Zhang Xun went to Beijing to take the exam, got a senior official, but abandoned Yingying, which led to a love tragedy.

After Cui's death, his wife Zheng He's youngest daughter sent her husband's coffin back to her hometown. However, on the way, they were stopped for some reason and stayed at the Pujiu Temple in He Zhong. This 19-year-old Cui Yingying, who instructs women workers, is omnipotent in poetry and prose. When her father was alive, she was betrothed to Zheng's nephew, the eldest son of Zheng Shangshu.

Miss and the matchmaker went to visit outside the temple and happened to meet scholar Zhang Xun. Zhang Xun was originally from Xiluo, the son of Shangshu. His parents died and his family was poor. He went to Beijing alone to catch the exam, and when he passed by, he suddenly remembered that Du was really in his friend Pu Guan, and he stayed. Listen to the second brother of the champion shop, there is a Purdue Temple, which is the fragrant courtyard after the emperor. The scenery is so beautiful that people who have been there all admire it.

Seeing Yingying's handsome appearance, the student exclaimed: I didn't know the king's face for ten years before I believed that Shan Juan had solved the misunderstanding. ? In order to see more, he stayed with the abbot for one night, and he moved into the west wing.

One day, Mrs Cui made a Dojo for her late husband. Lao Cui and his wife are very strict with their families, and no men go in and out of the Dojo. Zhang Sheng crustily skin of head slipped in. At this time, the fast sacrifice Dojo is complete, and the wife and young lady will make incense to repay their father's kindness. Zhang sheng thinks:? Miss is a woman who still has the heart to repay her parents; Xiao Sheng has been adrift in the lake for several years, and since his parents died, there has never been a note to pay back. ?

Zhang Sheng learned from the monk that Miss Yingying went to the garden to burn incense every night. In the dead of night, the moon is clear and the monks are asleep. Zhang Sheng came to the back garden and watched the young lady burn incense. Then recite a poem:? Moonlight melts the night, and the shadows of flowers in spring are silent; How to be brave enough not to see people on the moon? Yingying also immediately sang a song:? Gui Lan has been lonely for a long time and has nothing to do with Fang Chun; People who are expected to sing should pity others. ? Zhang Sheng studies hard every night, which touched Miss Cui Yingying, who was born with admiration for Zhang Sheng.

The rebel Sun Feihu heard that Cui Yingying had? The beauty of this country, the beauty of calligraphy? . He led five thousand troops and surrounded Pujiu Temple, giving the old lady three days to hand over Yingying as his? Mrs. pressure village? Everyone is at a loss. This Cui Yingying is a strong-willed woman. She would rather die than be taken away by thieves. At a critical juncture, the lady declared: No matter who it is, as long as it can kill the thief army and sweep away the evil spirit, it will be betrothed to him. ? Du Que, the top scholar in Dongwu, was appointed Grand Marshal of Xiliang, commanding 100,000 troops and guarding Pu Guan. Zhang Shengxian steadied Sun Feihu with delaying tactics, and then wrote a letter to Du Que, asking him to send troops to beat back Sun Feihu. Monk Huiming sent a letter down the mountain. Three days later, Du Zhen's reinforcements arrived and beat back Sun Feihu.

On the grounds of Yingying's betrothal, Mrs. Cui made him sworn as brother and sister, and took gold, silver and silks as a gift to marry another wife, which made both Yingying and him very miserable. The matchmaker in Yahuan saw this and arranged for them to meet. In the evening, Zhang Sheng played the piano and told Yingying about her lovesickness. Yingying also poured out her love for Zhang Sheng.

I haven't seen Yingying for many days after listening to the piano that day. Zhang sheng is lovesick. Take advantage of the matchmaker's visit and ask her to send a message to Yingying. Yingying wrote back and asked Zhang Sheng to meet under the moon. In the evening, Miss Yingying plays the piano in the back garden. Zhang Sheng heard the piano and climbed up the wall to see Yingying playing the piano. Yingying, anxious to see this young lady, came in. When Yingying saw him come in, she blamed his dirty behavior and sent the police to see him again, which made Zhang Sheng's condition worse. Yingying went to see Zhang Sheng in his room on the pretext of visiting the sick.

When the old lady saw Yingying these days, she looked trance-like, mumbled and acted strangely, and suspected that he and Zhang Sheng had deviant behavior. So I called the matchmaker and forced her to ask. The matchmaker had no choice but to tell the truth. The matchmaker pleaded for Miss Zhang and the old lady, saying that it was not Miss Zhang's fault, but the old lady's fault. The old lady should not go back on her word, and let her be commensurate with Miss Zhang's brother and sister.

The old woman was helpless and told Zhang Sheng that if she wanted to marry Miss Yingying, she had to go to Beijing to take the exam and gain fame. Miss Yingying gave a banquet to see Zhang Sheng off at Shili Pavilion. She repeatedly urged Zhang Sheng to leave? Stop your wife from remarrying? Don't want it? No news of fish and geese in spring? . After bidding farewell to Changting, Zhang Sheng went to Caoqiao Store and met Yingying in his dream. When he woke up, he was very disappointed.