Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - Translation and Appreciation of Ancient Poems about Qingming Festival in Third Grade in Primary School
Translation and Appreciation of Ancient Poems about Qingming Festival in Third Grade in Primary School
Part 1 Qingming
Tang Dynasty: Du Mu
Rain falls one after another at Qingming Festival,
The pedestrians on the road want to break their souls.
I want to ask where the tavern is,
The shepherd boy pointed to the village of apricot blossoms.
Translation:
Jiangnan Ching Ming season rain has been sprinkled, the road pedestrians are down and out of soul.
I asked the local people where to buy wine to drown their sorrows.
Appreciation:
This day is the Qingming Festival, the poet Du Mu walking on the road, encountered rain. Qingming, although it is the willow green flowers, spring bright season, but also the climate is prone to change during the period, often catching up with the "weather". As far back as the Liang Dynasty, it has been recorded: in the Qingming two days before the Cold Food Festival, there is often "fast winds and even rain". If it rains on the day of Qingming, there is a special name for it, "fire rain". The poet encountered just such a day.
The poet used the word "one after another" to describe the day's "rain of fire", which is really good. "If it is to describe snow, it should be heavy snow. But used to write rain, is the opposite, the kind of call people feel "one after another", is not heavy rain, but fine rain. This kind of fine rain, is also the characteristics of spring rain. Fine rain, is the kind of "rain on the streets of the sky moist as crispy" kind of rain, it is different from the summer of the pouring rain, but also with the kind of rain and autumn rain is never a flavor. This "rain", is to capture the spirit of the Qingming "splash fire rain", conveying that "to do cold flowers, will be trapped in the smoke willow" of the dismal and beautiful realm.
This "one after another" in this natural no doubt is to describe the mood of the spring rain; but it is more than that, it also has a layer of special role, that is, it is actually still describing the mood of the rain walker.
Let's look at the following sentence: "The pedestrians on the road want to break their souls". Then what is "broken soul"? In poetry, the word "soul" mostly refers to mental and emotional matters. The term "broken soul" is used to describe a very strong but hidden emotion that is not clearly expressed on the outside, such as love and longing for each other, despondency and disappointment, and dark sorrow and deep hatred. When the poet has this kind of emotion, he often loves to use the word "broken soul" to express his state of mind.
Qingming Festival, in the ancient people feel up, and our concept of it today is not exactly the same. At that time, Qingming Festival is a colorful mood are very rich big festival, should be a family reunion, or play ornamental, or tomb sweeping, is the main rituals and customs. In addition to those who are greedy for flowers and wine, such as the king and grandchildren, some of the mind, especially the emotional poets, their feelings are quite complex. If caught up with the lonely traveling, touching the scene sad, it will be more likely to stir up his heart. In the meantime, the rain is falling and the spring clothes are all wet, which adds another layer of sadness to the pedestrians. This to experience, to understand why the poet at this moment to write "broken soul" two words; otherwise, a little rain, it is worth "broken soul", that is not too unreasonable?
In this way, we can go back to the word "have". Originally, the festive road people, already have a lot of things, plus in the rain wind piece in the rain, have sprinkled, hasten line in the rain, the state of mind is doubly confused and chaotic. Therefore, it is to describe the spring rain, but also to describe the mood; may even say, to describe the spring rain, is also to describe the mood. This is precisely the classical poetry of our country in the mood in the scene, the scene of a blend of a kind of art, a kind of triumph.
The first two lines explain the scene, the problem also happened. The first two lines of the poem are the first two lines of the poem. The first two lines of the poem are the first to be published, and the second one is the first to be published. Pedestrians at this time can not help but think: where to find a small hotel is good? Things are very clear: find a small hotel, one to rest his feet, to avoid the rain; two to drink three cups, relieve the spring cold in the material, warm rain wet clothes; most importantly, this can also be dispersed heart of the sadness. The most important thing is that this can also dissipate the sadness of the heart.
To whom did he ask for directions? The poet in the third line does not tell us, wonderful in the fourth line: "the shepherd boy pointed to the apricot blossom village". Grammatically speaking, "shepherd boy" is the subject of this sentence, but it is really the last sentence "to ask" the object - it complements the last sentence of the two sides of the question and answer between the object and the master. Did the shepherd boy answer? We don't know, but "action" as a reply is more clear and powerful than an answer.
"Distant" literally means far away. But for those of us who read the poem, we mustn't stick to the literal meaning of the word and think that the village of apricot blossoms must still be a long way away from here. This reference already makes us see it as if it were. If it is really far away, it is difficult to occur artistic connection, if it is really in front of us, then lose the implicit endless flavor: wonderful in not far not close between. "Apricot Blossom Village" is not necessarily the name of the real village, nor does it necessarily mean that the restaurant. This only need to point to the beautiful apricot blossom deep village is enough, it is self-evident that there is a small hotel waiting to receive the guests traveling in the rain.
The poem ends abruptly with the words, "I am pointing to the village of apricot blossoms," and then goes on to say no more. The rest, the pedestrian how to hear the news and happy, how to put more effort to hasten forward, how excited to find the restaurant, how pleased to get the rain, sadness and satisfaction and pleasure ......, these poets "do not care". He put these are implied in the space outside, pay the reader's imagination, by the reader to seek to understand. He only introduces the reader to a poetic realm, he is not responsible for guiding the panorama; on the other hand, he unfolds for the reader a far more extensive than the verse shows much more room for imagination. This is the art of the "more than enough".
This is the poet and our readers **** the same enjoyment, this is the art, this is our classical poetry is particularly good at the place. The ancients once said, a good poem, can "shape difficult to write the scene, such as in the present; contains not exhaustive meaning, lies outside the words". Take this "Qingming" stanza, in a certain sense, is also deserved.
This small poem, a difficult word is not, an allusion is not used, the whole is a very common language, written in the extreme ease, without operating the trace of artifice. The syllables are very harmonious and complete, and the scene is very fresh and vivid, but also beautiful realm, the flavor of the hidden leap. The poem is written in a very natural sequence. The first line explains the scene, environment and atmosphere, which is the "starting"; the second line is the "bearing", which describes the character and shows the character's confused state of mind; the third line is the "turning", which, however, also suggests how to get rid of this state of mind. The third sentence is a "turn", however, it also suggests how to get rid of this state of mind; and this directly leads to the fourth sentence, which becomes the highlight of the whole piece-"unity". Artistically, this is a technique of rising gradually from low to high, with the climax placed at the end. The so-called culmination of the apex, but not at a glance, the end of the interest, but the aftermath of the far, intriguing. These are the poet's cleverness, but also worthy of our learning and inheritance!
Part II
Qingming FestivalSong Dynasty: Wang Yucheng
No flowers, no wine over the Qingming Festival,
The mood is like a wild monk.
Yesterday, the neighbors begged for a new fire,
and the dawn window was divided into reading lamps.
The Qingming Festival was spent without flowers or wine, and the mood of the festival was like that of a monk living in a temple in the wilderness of the mountains.
Yesterday, I asked the neighboring family for a new fire, and at dawn, I lit a lamp in front of the window and sat down to read.
Appreciation:
This poem takes the Qingming season as the background, and uses the technique of white description to reproduce the troubled life of the poor intellectuals in ancient times, expressing the poet's difficult life and the sentiment of reading for pleasure.
The first two lines of the poem open the door, Qingming is the time of spring, grass and trees sprouting, to this day, people, rich or poor, have to wear spring clothes, to the countryside to enjoy the flowers and trekking. However, on such a day to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery, soothing their depressed mood, our poets are sitting at home, neither wine and flowers to help, nor accompanied by friends. In such a situation "over" Qingming, the poet's lonely mood in the past is not more typical of the performance? Therefore, the first line of the poem seems to be commonplace, but actually has a deep meaning. Next, the poet further expands and deepens this heavy feeling. The author's boredom, loneliness and isolation are already depicted in the phrase "in a depressed mood", not to mention the fact that he uses "wild monk" as a comparison. We know that the Buddha advocates "the two things I forget, the four emptiness", the author is living in the human world than the "wild monk", a kind of almost forgotten by the world, the feeling of self-perpetuation can not help but arise, the author's mood of bitterness and coldness is also expressed more strongly.
The last two sentences are present, self-confessed poor people are not poor, indicating that the Qingming Festival, the first thing is to work hard, read hard, the theme of the idea is to motivate and persuade people to study, angry reading. Yesterday, the poet to the neighboring family "begging for new fire" is for life needs (including water cooking, etc.), and the poet here only said "divided with the reading lamp", which makes the taste can be transformed, is a kind of support and enjoyment, and the previous feeling of The poet's "reading lamp" transforms his pleasure into a kind of support and enjoyment, which is very different from his previous feeling of being "depressed": he transforms his pain and depression into motivation to move forward. The lamp that accompanied him to read poetry, as if lighting the torch of life, drive away the darkness, light up the road ahead, so the heart bright, emotionally cleansed, and some other "flavor" in the heart. This "flavor" of the intrinsic meaning is "where there is a will, there is a way", only those who aspire to achieve success, only such perseverance, such a flavor. Because of this, the poet's image is vivid, can be in the morning without flowers and wine, dedicated to reading in the Qingming Festival.
The language of the whole piece is simple, the argument is lucid, and the narrative is concise.
Part III
Qingming FestivalSong Dynasty: Huang Tingjian
The festival of Qingming Peach and Plum smile, the wild field of barren graves only born of sorrow.
Thunder in the sky and earth, dragons and snakes hibernate, the rain is enough to soften the grass and trees in the countryside.
People beg to sacrifice their concubines and wives, while soldiers are willing to burn to death.
Who are the wise and the foolish in a thousand years, and who are they?
Translation:
At the time of the Qingming Festival, peaches and plums are in full bloom. The graves in the fields full of weeds are desolate.
The spring thunder rolls, waking up the hibernating dragon and snake; the spring rain is abundant, moisturizing the countryside, making the grass and trees become green and soft.
In ancient times, there were Qi people who went in and out of graves begging for food to boast to their wives and concubines, and there was also Jie Zi Tui who refused to be an official and was burned to death by a fire.
Whether it is a sage or a mediocrity, who knows after a thousand years? In the end, what remains in the world is nothing more than a mess of weeds.
This is the poet's work of reminiscence, throughout the use of contrasting techniques, expressed the lament of the impermanence of life.
Appreciation:
The first line of the first line of the title: "Festival Qingming", seems to have no new ideas; and then write the scene, "peach and plum," the spring wind, "wild fields and deserted ridges," the imagery style is very different, and then to the citation of the happy and happy. The imagery is very different, and then cite the joy "smile" and sadness "sadness", the mood suddenly out. Sudden emotion, sharp contrast, reading is creepy. "Qingming" for the "peach and plum", since it is a "festival", because looking forward there is a large number of good prospects, even if it is now, but also bloom all the spring, leading the stage of the season, why not "Why not smile? Only this "smile" the more publicized, the more can be contrasted with the sadness of the next sentence. The phrase "wild fields and barren rows" seems to be more suitable for the festival of "Qingming" itself. Tired of buried bones, everywhere deserted mound, loyal * virtuous fools grievances and martyrdom, all returned to the yellow earth, how can not "sad" it? The earth has no words, but can only wear the coat of decay and desolation, by the poet, the world to interpret its sadness. From this point of view, the first line of the first pen to write the scene, calm dispersal of the broad, a different realm; feelings of suppression of introverted, for the following discussion of the life of the potential Zhangben.
The enjambment describes the active scene of creatures during the Qingming Festival. "Thunder shocked the world, dragons and snakes hibernate", written about the activities of animals. Spring thunder shock, the earth and sky alarmed, animals in hibernation was awakened, the thunder told them that spring has come, so they have come out of hibernation, active in the atmosphere of spring. "The grass and trees are soft in the countryside when the rain is enough" is written about the growth of plants. Spring rain is as precious as oil, which means that spring rain can make grass and trees grow rapidly like milk. After the rain is enough, the grass and trees on the countryside will naturally sprout and become tender.
The above two couplets write about peaches and plums, barren mounds, dragons and snakes, and grass and trees. The two allusions in the neck couplet, two ways of living. "People begging sacrifice remaining proud concubines and women," said the ancient that rely exclusively on the graveyard begging people to sacrifice the rest of the offerings in order to eat all day and show off in the concubines of the people, "Shi Gan burned to death, not the public marquis," said the refusal to live in seclusion, although burned to death, but also not willing to compromise the social uprightness of the people. The same life, two realms. The same life, two realms, no doubt in the contrast, implies the poet to the high character of the jiezhitui affirmation and praise.
The last line of the question: Artemisia barren mound, the remains of a soil, a thousand years, who knows who is wise and foolish? Even if we live in the present, who can recognize the wise and the foolish? The rhetorical question of "who knows who is" is saturated with the poet's full-blooded indignation; in the final line, which ends with a scene, there is the realization of life and death. This kind of understanding is the relegation of the disillusionment of the disillusionment, is dissatisfied with the reality of the irony of the counterattack, is to adhere to the integrity of the personality of the incompatibility.
The poet saw a piece of nature's vitality, but thought of the inescapable destiny of death in the world, expressing a negative and nihilistic thought, the sadness of the emotions entwined in the lines of the poem. This is inseparable from the poet's life of political ups and downs and his strong influence of Zen thought. But the work embodies the author's life values, scourged the life of the ugly, seemingly negative, but actually outrageous.
The poem's description of the scenery, the expression of feelings, all thanks to the contrast. Not only is there a contrast between peach blossoms and a barren mound, and a comparison between the wise and the foolish between Qi and Jie Zitui, but also a contrast between the vigorous spring scenery of nature and the dullness of life is also a set of contrasts.
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