What is the opposite?

Question 1: What does duality mean? Confrontation: that is, the words in the same position in the couplet should have the same part of speech and similar or opposite meanings.

Question 2: What is duality? Dualism is also called duality. Because ancient etiquette, like a walk-on on the stage of drama now, is opposite, so it is called antithesis. The antithesis is a rhetorical device to form neat and beautiful characters, and it is also an important factor to form a metrical form and present a metrical atmosphere.

Paying attention to symmetry is the characteristic of China's ancient culture. From the palaces and tombs of emperors to the portals and decorations of ordinary people, we pay attention to left and right symmetry. Literature is no exception, because there are many monosyllabic words and even disyllabic words in Chinese, among which morphemes are quite independent and easy to cause duality, so antithetical sentences appeared as early as pre-Qin poetry. For example, the Book of Songs says: I have been there, Liu Yiyi; The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry. ("Xiaoya Cai Wei") "Songs of the South" says: Make Yuan Xiang Xi have no waves and make the river flow safely. ..... The birds are on the house and the water is under the hall. (Nine songs. Xiang Jun). Prose often has duality, such as the Book of Changes: to correspond at the same time and seek the same spirit. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, this dual influence expanded, and the previous parallel prose developed into parallel prose. It was also from this period that the antithesis in poetry was never neat to gradually neat, and it was gradually standardized from casual use. After the early Tang Dynasty, the stereotype and antithesis of metrical poems became an important part of metrical poems.

Duality generally requires that two words in the same position must be relative, that is, noun to noun, verb to verb, adjective to adjective, adverb to adverb. The antithesis in metrical poems is more neat and rigorous than that in ancient poems. It requires:

First, sentences and sentences are opposites;

Second, the words in the same position as the sentence are the same as the dual parts of speech, but the words cannot be the same.

For example:

Fire tree silver flower pass, star bridge lock.

Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.

(Su Weidao's fifteenth day of the first month)

From wahoo to xingqiao, from honeysuckle to iron lock, they are all nouns to nouns; Split, verb to verb.

Silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and candles will drain the wick every night.

Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.

(Li Shangyin's Untitled)

Spring silkworm to wax torch, noun to noun; Death is reduced to ashes, and verb-object words are transformed into verb-object words; Silk to tears, nouns to nouns; That's right, that's right.

The antithesis of quatrains, rhymes and poems has its own rules.

Generally speaking, quatrains don't need antithesis. Whether to use duality is up to the author. Most of our predecessors' quatrains don't have to be antithetical, such as:

Seeing friends off in the mountains, Chai Men is half hidden at sunset.

Spring grass is green every year, but what about you, my friend Prince? ?

(Wang Wei's farewell)

Lanling wine tulips, jade bowls filled with amber light.

But I got the host drunk and didn't know where it was.

(Li Bai's "Guest Travel")

Some quatrains are antithetical to the first couplet, but not to the last couplet. For example:

During the Three Kingdoms period, you made unparalleled achievements, and you gained a permanent reputation by invading.

This river won't divert the stones from your disposal, and you will always regret that you will destroy Wu's unwise.

(Du Fu's Eight Arrays)

(Note: The antithetical sentences are shown in italics, the same below)

The lotus flower withered, so did the lotus leaf holding the rain, and only the branches of chrysanthemum stood proudly against the frost.

Good years must be remembered, especially when it is orange, yellow and green.

(Su Shi's Winter Scene)

Most of the sentences in the antithesis are silent, and the first sentence of the five-element poem does not rhyme more than the seven-line poem, so the first couplet of the five-element poem is more than the seven-line poem. There are also quatrains in which the first sentence enters rhyme and the first couplet is antithetical. For example:

Flowers make chapters, and phoenix takes photos.

Excuse me, donor, how long is Emei?

(Huang Furan's "Complaint against Depression")

There are some weeds blooming by the Suzaku Bridge, and there is only sunset at the corner of Wuyi Lane.

Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people.

(Liu Yuxi's Wuyi Lane)

There are more rhymes in the first sentence of the four-line poem than the five-line poem, and there are more seven-line poems than the five-line poem.

There are also quatrains with the first antithetical couplet and the last antithetical couplet. For example:

Stop the boat in a foggy small state, when new worries come to the guest's heart.

The vastness of the wilderness is deeper than trees, and the moon is very close to the moon.

(Meng Haoran's "Jiande River Sleeping at Night")

It is said that the scenery along the Chunjiang River is Yan Fang, and the third spring is coming. How can it not be sad?

Crazy catkins dance with the wind, and fine peach blossoms chase water.

(Du Fu's "Wandering")

There are also two antitheses in the quatrains.

Question 3: What does duality mean in ancient poetry? No, it takes two sentences to call it confrontation. Duality is also called duality. Because ancient etiquette, like a walk-on on the stage of drama now, is opposite, so it is called antithesis. The antithesis is a rhetorical device to form neat and beautiful characters, and it is also an important factor to form a metrical form and present a metrical atmosphere. Paying attention to symmetry is the characteristic of China's ancient culture. From the palaces and tombs of emperors to the portals and decorations of ordinary people, we pay attention to left and right symmetry. Literature is no exception, because there are many monosyllabic words and even disyllabic words in Chinese, among which morphemes are quite independent and easy to cause duality, so antithetical sentences appeared as early as pre-Qin poetry. For example, the Book of Songs says: I have been there, Liu Yiyi; The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry. ("Xiaoya Cai Wei") "Songs of the South" says: Make Yuan Xiang Xi have no waves and make the river flow safely. ..... The birds are on the house and the water is under the hall. (Nine songs. Xiang Jun). Prose often has duality, such as the Book of Changes: to correspond at the same time and seek the same spirit. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, this dual influence expanded, and the previous parallel prose developed into parallel prose. It was also from this period that the antithesis in poetry was never neat to gradually neat, and it was gradually standardized from casual use. After the early Tang Dynasty, the stereotype and antithesis of metrical poems became an important part of metrical poems. Duality generally requires that two words in the same position must be relative, that is, noun to noun, verb to verb, adjective to adjective, adverb to adverb. The antithesis in metrical poems is more neat and rigorous than that in ancient poems. It requires: first, sentences are relative to sentences; Second, the words in the same position as the sentence are the same as the dual parts of speech, but the words cannot be the same. For example, the combination of wahoo and silver flowers, the lock of Xingqiao Kaiping and Pingping (Su Weidao's fifteenth day of the first month), wahoo and Xingqiao, and the lock of silver flowers are all nouns; Split, verb to verb. Spring silkworms will weave until they die, and every night candles will draw the wick away. Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Death is reduced to ashes, and verb-object words are transformed into verb-object words; Silk to tears, nouns to nouns; That's right, that's right. The antithesis of quatrains, rhymes and poems has its own rules. Generally speaking, quatrains don't need antithesis. Whether to use duality is up to the author. Most of our predecessors' quatrains don't have to be antithetical. For example, my friend, I watched you go down the mountain until it was dark. Spring grass is green every year, but what about you, my friend Prince? ? (Wang Wei's Farewell) lanling wine tulips, jade bowls filled with amber light. But I got the host drunk and didn't know where it was. Some quatrains are the first antithesis, and the last antithesis is not. For example, the Three Kingdoms, divided, have always been bound by his greatness, and the Eight Faces Castle is built on his fame. This river won't divert the stones from your disposal, and you will always regret that you will destroy Wu's unwise. (Du Fu's "Eight Arrays") (Note: the antithetical sentences are shown in italics, the same below) The lotus flower has no shelter from the rain, and there are Ao Shuang branches in the chrysanthemum. Good years must be remembered, especially when it is orange, yellow and green. (Su Shi's Winter Scene) The antithesis is mostly silent, and the first sentence of the five-element poem is not rhyming with the seven verses, so the first couplet of the five-element poem is more than the seven verses. There are also quatrains in which the first sentence enters rhyme and the first couplet is antithetical. Such as flowers as chapters, phoenix tube for the sun. Excuse me, donor, how long is Emei? (Huang Furan's "Relieving Depression and Resentment") On the Suzaku Bridge, there are wild grass flowers, and the sunset at the corner of Wuyi Lane is oblique. Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people. (Liu Yuxi's Wuyi Lane) The first sentence of seven sentences rhymes more than five sentences, and the antithesis form of this couplet is more than five sentences. There are also quatrains with the first antithetical couplet and the last antithetical couplet. For example, when my boat was sailing in the mist, the day was getting dark and old memories began. The vastness of the wilderness is deeper than trees, and the moon is very close to the moon. (Meng Haoran's "Sleeping at Jiande") heartbroken riverside, Zhang Li Xu Buli. Crazy catkins dance with the wind, and fine peach blossoms chase water. (Du Fu's Man >>

Question 4: What are dual words? The sky is against the ground, and the rain is against the wind. The mainland faces the sky. Mountain flowers are to the sea tree, and the sun is to the sky. The thunder is weak and foggy. The sun sets into the sky. The wind is high, the moon is white and the rain is red.

Question 5: What is the meaning of antithesis in ancient poetry? The antithesis in poetry is called antithesis. The ancient guard of honor is relative, which is the origin of the word "antithesis".

What is duality? Generally speaking, duality refers to two opposite sentences. The last sentence is called a sentence, and the next sentence is called a sentence.

The general rules of duality are noun to noun, verb to verb, adjective to adjective, adverb to adverb. Duality is a rhetorical device, whose function is to form neat beauty. The characteristics of Chinese are especially suitable for disyllablization, because there are many monosyllabic words, even disyllabic words, among which morphemes are quite independent and easy to cause disyllablization. Because duality is a rhetorical device, it is necessary for both prose and poetry. For example, the Book of Changes says, "Respond with one voice and seek a spirit." ("Easy? Dry classical Chinese) The Book of Songs says: "I have been there, Liu Yiyi; I think about it today, it's raining. " ("Xiaoya? These antitheses meet the needs of rhetoric. However, the antithesis in orthodox poetry has its own rules, which is not as casual as the Book of Songs. This rule is:

(1) The level of sentence and duality is relative;

The words in the sentence and the words in the dialogue cannot be repeated.

Therefore, the examples mentioned above, such as the Book of Changes and the Book of Songs, can not meet the standard of antithesis of orthodox poetry.

Couplets (couplets) are evolved from metrical poems, so they should also be suitable for the above two standards. For example, the following pair:

The reeds on the wall are top-heavy and shallow;

Bamboo shoots, sharp mouth, empty stomach.

Here, the words in the upper couplet (sentence) and the words in the lower couplet (antithesis) are not repeated, but their levelness is relative:

(flat) flat, (flat) flat;

(Ping) Ping (Ping) Ping (Ping) Ping (Ping) Ping (Ping) Ping (Ping) ②.

Rhetorically, this pair is also very neat. "Wall" is a noun with orientation, and the corresponding "mountain" is also a noun with orientation. "Root" is a noun with orientation, so is the corresponding "belly". "Head" to "mouth" and "foot" to "skin" are nouns to nouns. "Heavy" versus "sharp" and "light" versus "thick" are adjectives versus adjectives. "Top-heavy", "sharp-tongued" and "thick-skinned" are right. This sentence corrects itself, and when the two sentences are relative, it is more neat.

For example, flowers are getting better and better, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes.

Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail.

Question 6: What are dual words? The sky is against the ground, and the rain is against the wind. The mainland faces the sky. Mountain flowers are to the sea tree, and the sun is to the sky. The thunder is weak and foggy. The sun sets into the sky. The wind is high, the moon is white and the rain is red. Cattle and women go around the galaxy, and two businessmen fight west and east. In October, the border was sealed, and the frost shocked the trip; Three winters on the river were long, snowy and cold. River to Han, green to red. Uncle Yu is against Lei Gong. Smoke building to snow cave, moon palace to heavenly palace. Clouds, the sun is hazy. Peng Yu, the sky is like an arrow and the soul is like a bow. When the inn guest meets the plum rain, the Chiting people enjoy the lotus wind. In front of Maodian village, the bright moon falls on the forest and chickens sing rhymes; On Banqiao Road, the green frost locks the horse's whereabouts. Mountain to sea, China to Song. Four mountains vs three fairs. Palace flowers against forbidden willows, stuffed geese against dragon generals. Summer Palace, Guanghan Palace. Picking up green is the topic. Zhuang Zhoumeng becomes a butterfly, and Lv Wang flies a bear. The wind stops in the north, the fan stops in summer, and the curtains in the south bask in the sun, saving the winter sun. Crane dance floor, the jade emperor can be immortal; On Fengxiang stage, the purple flute blows the beauty wind. Two winters, morning to noon and summer to winter. It's opposite the high school in the afternoon. Youth is a day, Cooper is a pine tree. Angler, hoe. Crane vs dragon. The rockhopper beads sparkle and the fruit is as exquisite as jade. Three yuan is only a thousand hectares, and one product is worth ten thousand. Before Calyx Building, the roots of Li Xian were intertwined with the pulse of the country; On the bank of the Aquilaria Pavilion, Jiao Yang is good at spoiling the wind. From clear to light, from thin to thick. Twilight versus morning bell. Camellia to chrysanthemums, cigarettes to clouds. Jinlian, Yu Lian. Green leaves on green front. Drink wine for the soup in the morning, and then eat it at night. Tangku's money can be turned into butterflies, and Yanjin's sword can be turned into Jackie Chan. Langchuan, the martial arts, the grotesque goddess temple of sex and rain; From generation to generation, children and grandchildren are listed as peaks. Complex to simple, overlapping to heavy. Laziness of the heart is carelessness of the heart. Xian Weng was right to let his companions go, and Tao Fanru was right. Flowers are burning and grass is repairing. Waves and butterflies fight against crazy bees. If you count the bamboo of a gentleman, five trees can untie a doctor. Emperor Gao destroyed the item with three outstanding figures, and Emperor Yu inherited four fierce ones. There are beautiful women in the inner garden, and the scenery is infinite; It's a pity that people live. Three rivers are odd dual, only right. The sea is opposite to the Yangtze River. Gold plates turn into jade lamps, and precious candles into silverware. Red painted windowsill, blue screen window. Dance is in tune with melody. Han Xing pushed Ma Wu, Xia Jian remonstrated. Four kingdoms, three high cities and many enemies. Across the phoenix dance platform, the chic fairy Ji Qin Yu Yue; The snake is in power, and the hero Han Wudi Liu Bang. Face to face, just like face to face. Step by step. Stop aiming at getting rid of Zhu, be lazy and be healthy. Bright lights, the narrowest month. Against each other. Liu Junma, Huayuan Dog Barking Village. Alcohol slightly smoked Joan cheek, incense dust less than twice as much as Yu Lian. Poetry is written by Feng Dan, and Hanfu is quiet and saves water; Tears play with bamboo, and fly with regret. Four springs are against stones, and dead branches are against branches. Play bamboo and play silk. Mountain pavilion to waterside pavilion, parrot to cormorant. Five-color pen, ten fragrant characters. Splash ink on the passage. Magical Han Gan paintings and vigorous Li Ling poems. Several flower streets have won new prizes, and some people smell fragrant. Wan Li beacon smoke, soldiers head for the treasure plug; A plow poured rain, and the farmer village took advantage of it. You are right, and you are right in the poem. Paint and grease. Yao hairpin to bead shoes, swordsman to pianist. Sell wine and buy mountain money. National color vs fairy posture. The sunset glow is as bright as brocade, and the spring rain is as thin as silk. Willow stumbles over a thousand trees in Long Beach, and there are two or three branches in Huayang Temple. Purple covers the yellow flag, and the sky is on the left of the river; Blue robe and white horse, nursery rhymes should eventually be Shouyang. Pro is right, praise is right. Fireflies to silk. Light to long sleeves, Cao Rui to Ganoderma lucidum. Snoring tactics, heartbroken poems. From mouth to waist. Bears and tigers in the clouds and phoenixes in the sky. Jade Temple has hung orange pomelo for a thousand years, and Yao stepped three feet to cover Maozi. Zhu Xiang contains smoke, and the gauze cage under the waist is tortoise shell; After the rain, Haitang's face was wet with tears and rouge. Fight for justice and hope for justice. Pueraria lobata versus gardenia. Fairy wind sets the bones, and heaven sets the people straight. Zhuzhu Jian, Braun Vertebra. The warp and weft pairs are dry branches. Respect people and masters, and attach importance to emperors and teachers. I wish I could go far, but my heart is busy and my horse is late. When the golden house is closed, it is given a pen to beg for Maolin; After Lou Yu finished, he remembered Xu Changgu's negative words. Five sages are right and wrong. Jue Ao is right about Shen Wei. The fish book is a goose, and the straw house is Chai Fei. Chickens call pheasants fly. Red thin versus green fat. Till, raising my cup, I asked the bright moon drinks, rides horses and treads flowers. Huang Gai can become a red cliff, and Chen Pingshan can solve problems and climb risks. Taibai Bookstore, waterfall springs hang down to San thousands of feet; Confucius worships the temple, and Cooper is forty towering. Against a, against a. Swing, swing, swing. Yantan vs. Shaopu, Ju Jing vs. Yiwei. Zhan Hung-chien, fly in the Phoenix. Tiger list versus dragon flag. Luo Jinxiu is in my heart, full of pearls. Generous and open-minded, magnanimous and proud. Destroy the item and rise to Liu, and the sly rabbit will die; Rejecting Wei, he returned to Wolong in the chariot. Decline and prosperity, dense and sparse. Sacrificial clothes face court clothes. Phoenix window to wild goose pagoda, autumn single to spring. Wuyi Lane, Yanziji. Meet again after a long separation. Tian Zi is really a gentle and graceful lady, and Shengde is really talented. The flat peach purple que belongs to Jin Niang, and the world of mortals in Li Ling belongs to Yu Fei. Overlord barracks, father Dan Xin smashed jade barrels; Chang 'an wine market, fallen immortals are crazy for silver turtles. Six fish soup for rice, Vitamin elm. Long weight with short sleeves. Cockscomb to phoenix tail, peony to lotus. Zhou ... >>