How to write traditional literature

The Relationship between National Myth and Folk Literature

Folk literature, language art of working people, oral creation of people. It includes myths, folk customs (see China folk customs), folk stories (see China folk customs), ballads, folk narrative poems, rap literature (such as storytelling), proverbs and riddles.

Characteristics of folk literature

(1) Oral. The writing and dissemination of oral language is a major feature of folk literature. In the long historical period in the past, the broad masses of working people could not use words, but only used oral language to conceive, express and spread. Now, most people already know the written language, but on many occasions, they still have to sing or tell literary forms that are familiar to the broad masses of the people and have been passed down by the people for thousands of years, such as stories and ballads.

② collectivity. Folk literature works are the collective creation of the masses. The so-called collective creation includes not only the thoughts, feelings and imagination of the content of the work, but also the form and artistic expression and the ownership of the work, including the whole process of creation and circulation. Some works are processed and pondered by countless singers in the process of singing or telling. Therefore, folk literature works generally cannot be signed. Some folk literature works, processed by talented and experienced singers and storytellers, have certain personality, but this personality can be integrated with the collective oral creation of the masses.

③ Variability. Due to the instability of oral language, folk literature works are often different in the process of dissemination and singing due to the differences of time, region and nationality, as well as the subjective thoughts and feelings of the communicator and the emotional changes of the listener. This feature is the result of the above-mentioned oral and collective nature and natural fruit.

4 inheritance. Folk literature, like customs and habits, is generally spread and passed down through actions and language. This popular culture has great vitality. /kloc-The life of Dr. John Faust, a German folk story in the 0/6th century, was not only deeply loved by people at that time, but also circulated among the people and became the source of creative materials for later writers (such as Goethe).

⑤ Direct popularization. When measuring the value of literature, the concept of "people's nature" is often put forward. In this sense, people's oral creation has its great advantages. The author of folk literature is the creator and witness of history. Folk literature with superior people's nature has a wide range of contents, which contains and radiates lofty ideas and virtues such as people's heroism, patriotism, optimism, humanitarianism and dedication. Folk literature not only shows people's pain and hope, but also shows their exemplary personality and lofty quality.

⑥ Excellent artistry. Folk literature is a special kind of literature, and it is an art of using language and performing at the same time. It must have artistic characteristics in some ways. Prose stories, narrative poems, etc. Most of them have characters and plots, long poems, short ballads and some proverbs and riddles, and most of them have certain sentence patterns and rhythms, while small plays have story plots and duet forms. But these alone cannot fully prove its artistry. Many folk literature works also have unique and superior artistic features. In recent years, the national epics of China brothers have been discovered one after another, which have amazed the world with their artistic achievements. As for countless love songs and lyric songs, they often surpass the similar works of writers in expressing joy and pain. And those short stories, proverbs and two-part allegorical sayings really condense thoughts, experiences and wisdom like fists squeezed by five fingers. Stylistically speaking, simplicity and clarity are the characteristics of general folk literature. In a word, the artistic characteristics and advantages of folk literature are various, some of which are still beyond reach.

The close relationship between folk literature and social life

Folk literature is the product of people's long-term social life. It is produced and spread according to the needs of people's social life. It reflects all aspects of their lives and their related thoughts and feelings. It directly or indirectly serves their lives-giving them knowledge, guidance, encouragement and hope, some of which are part of their lives. Compared with the literature of general professional writers, folk literature is unique in this respect. Because of its numerous authors and living at the bottom, it can reflect social life more widely, deeply and accurately. Its social function is completely different from that of written literature. Many folk proverbs are textbooks for working people's life and work. Many labor songs are indispensable for them to adjust their breathing, movements and stimulate their emotions in various jobs. Many ancient myths and legends handed down from generation to generation not only convey certain historical knowledge, but also cultivate the feelings of national unity. The legends of many heroes who defended their homeland and motherland will always inspire people.

Folk Literature and Writer's Written Literature

Folk literature is quite different from the written literature of professional writers in content and form. But these two kinds of literature are independent and influence each other. From the source, their * * * roots are primitive literature. In a classless society, some literary works-myths, ballads and legends-have been widely produced, which are literary works owned by clan and tribal people. After the formation of class society, literary and art workers, historians, poets and religious executors who serve the upper class came into being, and literature became increasingly written. This is far from the tradition of primitive literature. However, deprived of the right to use written language, the broad masses of lower classes basically still follow the tradition of primitive literature and change with the progress of social life. In the long-term class society, the nature and features of these two originally homologous literatures have shown great differences, forming a state of confrontation or opposition. On the other hand, these two kinds of literature influence each other. Not only many folk literature works are recorded as written literature; In addition, many genres of written literature, such as poems, stories, legends and novels, are often developed from folk literature. As for written literature, what's more, it uses folk literature or takes folk literature as "word". At the same time, the writer's written literature has a certain influence on folk literature in terms of thought, imagination and writing. In modern times, due to the drastic changes in society, politics, economy, culture and people's life ideas, there are countless places where the two kinds of literature interact with each other. The exchange and influence of folk literature of all ethnic groups are multi-ethnic folk literature, and there is obvious mutual exchange and influence between folk literature of all ethnic groups. Different ethnic groups influence and promote each other in culture. In China, the folk literature of the Han nationality is intertwined with the folk literature of all ethnic groups. In particular, those ethnic groups who came into contact earlier or lived alternately have more obvious influence or inheritance traces than neighboring ethnic groups. The acceptance and influence of various ethnic groups on folk literature are mostly based on their own life and culture, and they choose, choose, transform and process them. They tried their best to nationalize it. This is the natural law of the influence of inter-ethnic cultural exchanges.

World relations of folk literature

Some genres of folk literature, such as folk stories, not only have many similar ideas and expressions, but also have the same or similar basic characters and plots abroad and even in geographically distant areas. Folk narrative works such as Cinderella-like stories and swan-like virgin stories, which are "handed down to the world", belong to this category. In addition, like stories or narrative poems, some thoughts or plots are similar, which may be the result of direct or indirect influence from other ethnic groups. For example, China has a long history of cultural exchanges with Indian, Korean and Japanese neighbors. Therefore, China's folk literature is closely related to similar works in those countries. Judging from the mutual exchange and influence of folk literature, the literary and cultural exchanges of all nationalities in the world have a long history. Folk literature research Folk literature is the spiritual wealth created and owned by the vast number of material wealth producers of the country and the nation. It not only has its own ideological content and artistic form, but also has its own unique performance process and communication mode. The subject of studying folk literature is called folk literature and art, and its main task is to explore and sort out various folk literature works, or to clean up and discuss their history. In recent years, the academic circles regard folk literature as an important part of national literature to give scientific exploration and accurate narration, and give folk literature its due position. The collection and research of folk literature is also closely related to cultural history and culturology. The exploration and narration of cultural history and culturology should be aimed at the whole culture of the world or the nation. To describe a country's cultural history or culturology, we must never lose folk literature, an important spiritual and cultural product. Otherwise, it will not only be incomplete, but also affect the accuracy of the evaluation and narration of the whole cultural phenomenon.