Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - The history of China's aerospace flight?
The history of China's aerospace flight?
On July 19, 1964, China's first biological rocket carrying mice inside was successfully launched in Guangde, Anhui Province, China's first step in space science exploration.
On April 1, 1968, China's Institute of Aerospace Medical Engineering was established, and it began to select and train astronauts and carry out medical engineering research on manned spaceflight.
On April 24, 1970, with the successful launch of the first artificial Earth satellite, Dongfanghong-1, in Jiuquan, China became the fifth country in the world to launch a satellite.
On November 26, 1975, the first return satellite was successfully launched and returned three days later, making China the third country in the world to master the satellite return technology. 2005 marks the 30th anniversary of the successful launch of China's return satellite, and as of September, China had successfully launched 22 return satellites. The results of the scientific experiments carried out with the returned satellites have been widely applied in many fields of national economic development.
In 1979, the Yuanwang 1 space survey ship was built and put into use, making China the fourth country in the world to have an ocean-going space survey ship. At present, China has formed an advanced land and sea-based aerospace measurement and control network, which consists of the Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center, the Xi'an Satellite Measurement and Control Center, the Land Measurement and Control Station, the four ocean-going space measurement vessels of the Far Sight and the communication network connecting them, and the technology has reached the world's advanced level.
In 1985, China officially announced that it would put the Long March series of carrier rockets into the international commercial launch market; on April 7, 1990, the Long March III carrier rocket successfully launched the "Asia-1" satellite developed by the United States, and up to now, 27 foreign-made satellites have been successfully sent into space, and China has taken a leading position in the international commercial satellite launch service market. China has gained a foothold in the international commercial satellite launch service market.
On July 16, 1990, the Long March 2 bundled rocket was successfully launched for the first time in Xichang, with a low-orbit capacity of 9.2 tons, laying the foundation for launching manned spacecraft.
In October 1990, a satellite carrying two mice and other creatures ascended into space, beginning China's first space orbit flight test carrying higher animals. The complete success of the test obtained many valuable data for the design of life-support system for China's manned spacecraft as well as for long-term manned space flights.
In 1992, China's manned spacecraft was formally included in the national program for development, and this project was later named Shenzhou manned spacecraft project. The Shenzhou manned spacecraft project consists of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft system, the Long March launch vehicle system, the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center spacecraft launch site system, the spacecraft measurement, control and communication system, the astronauts system, scientific research and technical test system, etc. It is the largest and most technically complex spacecraft project in China in the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century.
On November 20, 1999, January 10, 2001, March 25, 2002, and December 30, 2002, China successfully launched the unmanned spaceships Shenzhou I to IV four times, and manned flights are not far away.
On Oct. 15, 2003, China successfully launched its first manned spacecraft, Shenzhou V. The 21-hour, 23-minute trip into space marked China's emergence as the third country in the world, after the former Soviet Union/Russia and the U.S., capable of independently carrying out manned spaceflight activities.
On Oct. 12, 2005, China successfully launched its second manned spacecraft, Shenzhou VI, and conducted its first multi-person, multi-day flight test
On Sept. 25, 2008, the Shenzhou 7 spacecraft touched down in a predetermined area of Inner Mongolia and was recovered smoothly.
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October 8, 1956, China's first rocket and missile development institutions - the Ministry of National Defense's Fifth Research Institute was established, and Qian Xuesen was appointed as director.1958 In April, the construction of China's first launch site for carrier rockets began.
On July 19, 1964, China's first biological rocket carrying mice was successfully launched in Guangde, Anhui Province, China's first step in space science exploration.
On April 1, 1968, China's Institute of Aerospace Medical Engineering was established, and it began to select and train astronauts and carry out medical engineering research on manned spaceflight.
On April 24, 1970, with the successful launch of the first artificial Earth satellite, Dongfanghong-1, in Jiuquan, China became the fifth country in the world to launch a satellite.
On November 26, 1975, the first return satellite was successfully launched and returned three days later, making China the third country in the world to master the satellite return technology. 2005 marks the 30th anniversary of the successful launch of China's return satellite, and as of September, China had successfully launched 22 return satellites. The results of the scientific experiments carried out with the returned satellites have been widely applied in many fields of national economic development.
In 1979, the Yuanwang 1 space survey ship was built and put into use, making China the fourth country in the world to have an ocean-going space survey ship. At present, China has formed an advanced land and sea-based aerospace measurement and control network, which consists of the Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center, the Xi'an Satellite Measurement and Control Center, the Land Measurement and Control Station, the four ocean-going space measurement vessels of the Far Sight and the communication network connecting them, and the technology has reached the world's advanced level.
In 1985, China formally announced that it would put the Long March series of carrier rockets into the international commercial launch market, and on April 7, 1990, the Long March No. 3 carrier rocket successfully launched the Asia-1 satellite developed by the U.S. Up to now, it has successfully sent 27 foreign-made satellites into space, and China has taken a leading position in the international commercial satellite launch service market. China has gained a foothold in the international commercial satellite launch service market.
On July 16, 1990, the Long March 2 bundled rocket was successfully launched for the first time in Xichang, with a low-orbit capacity of 9.2 tons, laying the foundation for launching manned spacecraft.
In October 1990, a satellite carrying two mice and other creatures ascended into space, beginning China's first space orbit flight test carrying higher animals. The complete success of the test obtained many valuable data for the design of life-support system for China's manned spacecraft as well as for long-term manned space flights.
In 1992, China's manned spacecraft was formally included in the national program for development, and this project was later named Shenzhou manned spacecraft project. The Shenzhou manned spacecraft project consists of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft system, the Long March launch vehicle system, the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center spacecraft launch site system, the spacecraft measurement, control and communication system, the astronauts system, scientific research and technical test system, etc. It is the largest and most technically complex spacecraft project in China in the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century.
On November 20, 1999, January 10, 2001, March 25, 2002, and December 30, 2002, China successfully launched the unmanned spaceships Shenzhou I to IV four times, and manned flights are not far away.
On Oct. 15, 2003, China successfully launched its first manned spacecraft, Shenzhou V. The 21-hour, 23-minute trip into space marked China's emergence as the third country in the world, after the former Soviet Union/Russia and the U.S., capable of independently carrying out manned spaceflight activities.
On October 12, 2005, China successfully launched its second manned spacecraft, Shenzhou VI, and conducted its first multi-person, multi-day flight test.
Respondent: Ishizaka Treaty of Amity - Trial Period Level 1 10-4 13:24
Dawn
Scientists reported the development of manned spaceflight soon after the launch of Dongfanghong 1 on July 14, 1970, and in April 1971 the project code-named "Project 714" was launched. "In April 1971, China's manned space program, code-named Project 714, was launched.
People at the time named China's planned spacecraft "Aurora I." Unfortunately, due to a variety of factors, the spacecraft was not able to carry out its mission. Unfortunately, due to various factors, Project 714 was suspended in 1972.
"863 Program"
March 3, 1986, Wang Ganchang, Chen Fangyun, Edward Yang, Wang Daheng, four scientists jointly submitted to the Central Committee, "on the tracking of the world's strategic development of high technology" proposal. The central government soon approved the proposal, which was later known as the "863 program".
Aerospace technology is the second of the seven major areas of the 863 Program. The "863 Program" played a catalytic role in China's manned space program.
Long March 2E
In the summer of 1990, China's first high-thrust strap-on rocket, the Long March 2E, or "Long March 2E" rocket, was successfully launched.
"Project 921"
September 21, 1992, is a day to be remembered in the history of China's spaceflight -- the day the central government formally approved the feasibility study report of the manned spaceflight project. China's manned spaceflight project was officially launched, codenamed "Project 921".
Selection of Astronauts
In October 1995, China decided to select the first batch of reserve astronauts from among the pilots of the Air Force's fighter jets.
Soon, 12 reserve astronauts were selected from thousands of candidates, and together with two astronaut trainers, they formed China's first batch of astronauts.
At the end of 1997, with the approval of the Central Military Commission (CMC), the world's third astronaut brigade of 14 reserve astronauts was established. on January 5, 1998, the 14 men arrived. This day has since become the birthday of the People's Liberation Army astronaut brigade.
Shenzhou 1
At 6:30 p.m. on Nov. 20, 1999, the Shenzhou 1 spacecraft lifted off smoothly from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base and returned to earth after a 21-hour flight.
It is a little known fact that this "pioneer" of manned spaceflight project is a temporary modification of the electrical performance test spacecraft used for ground test. The use of the first product as a prototype is unprecedented in China's spaceflight history.
Shenzhou II
In the early morning of January 10, 2001, Shenzhou II was successfully launched. The spacecraft returned to earth after nearly seven days in orbit.
Shenzhou II is the first unmanned spacecraft of its kind, and its technical status is basically the same as that of a manned spacecraft. Its launch was carried out in full accordance with the environment and conditions of a manned spacecraft, and all the equipment related to astronauts' life support basically used real parts.
Shenzhou III
On March 25, 2002, the Shenzhou III spacecraft was launched and returned to earth on April 1st.
The Shenzhou III spacecraft was equipped with a human metabolism simulation device, anthropomorphic physiological signaling equipment, and a body dummy, capable of quantitatively simulating important physiological activity parameters such as respiration and blood circulation of astronauts. The spacecraft worked normally, and all the scheduled test objectives were met, making the test a complete success.
Shenzhou IV
In December 2002, Shenzhou IV was successfully launched at 0:30 a.m. on the 30th of December, after enduring a low temperature of -29 degrees Celsius, breaking the historical record of low-temperature launches in China, and on January 5, 2003, the spacecraft safely returned to complete all the scheduled tests.
Shenzhou IV, except for the absence of manned, technical status and manned spacecraft is completely consistent. During the flight, the spacecraft completed earth observation, material science, life science experiments and space astronomy and space environment exploration tasks.
Shenzhou V
On October 15, 2003, China's first manned spacecraft, Shenzhou V, was successfully launched. China's first astronaut Yang Liwei became the first Chinese visitor to the vastness of space.
Shenzhou V's 21-hour, 23-minute trip into space marked China's emergence as the third country in the world, after Russia and the United States, capable of independently carrying out manned space activities.
Shenzhou VI
On Oct. 12, 2005, China's second manned spacecraft, Shenzhou VI, was successfully launched, and astronauts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng were successfully sent into space. in the early morning of the 17th, the return module of the spacecraft touched down smoothly after a 115-hour and 32-minute space flight.
Shenzhou VI carried out the first multi-person, multi-day flight test of China's manned spaceflight program, completing the country's truly manned space science experiments.
Shenzhou VII
On September 25, 2008, China's third manned spacecraft, Shenzhou VII, was successfully launched, with three astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng, successfully lifting off.
On the 27th, Zhai Zhigang, dressed in a China-developed "Flying Sky" extravehicular space suit, carried out a 19-minute, 35-second exit activity with the assistance of Liu Boming, who was wearing a Russian "Seahawk" extravehicular space suit. China then became the third country in the world to master the technology of space out-of-cabin activities.
In the evening of Sept. 28, 2008, the Shenzhou VII spacecraft successfully landed on the Amugulang Grassland in central Inner Mongolia after successfully completing its space exit activities and a series of space science experiments.
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