Can you please introduce the "Three Cardinal Guidelines", "Five Constant Virtues", "Five Ethics" and "Eight Virtues" in traditional Chinese culture?

"Three cardinal principles": "The king is the guide for his subjects, the father is the guide for his son, and the husband is the guide for his wife." "Five constants": benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trust. "Five ethics": "Father and son are related, husband and wife are different, and elders and children are different."

Preface, the ruler and his ministers have righteousness, and friends have faith." "Eight Virtues": "filial piety, brotherhood, loyalty, trustworthiness, propriety, righteousness, integrity, and shame." "Three Cardinal Guidelines" means "the king is the guideline for his ministers, the father is the guideline for his son, and the husband is the guideline for his son."

"Wife Guide" requires ministers, sons, and wives to be absolutely obedient to the king, father, and husband. It also requires the king, father, and husband to set an example for ministers, sons, and wives. It reflects the relationship between king, minister, and wife in feudal society.

A special moral relationship between father and son, and husband and wife. The "Five Constants" are benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness. They are the names for the code of conduct used to adjust and standardize the human relations between kings and ministers, fathers and sons, brothers, couples, and friends.

The concept of religion is an important part of Confucian political thought. Name means status, and religion means enlightenment. Mingjiao means to educate the world through naming and status, in order to maintain the ethical principles and hierarchies of feudal society.

, originated from the book "Spring and Autumn Fanlu" written by Dong Zhongshu of the Western Han Dynasty, but as a moral principle and norm, it originated from Confucius in the pre-Qin period, who once put forward the ethics of monarch, minister, father, father and son, and benevolence, justice, etiquette, and wisdom.

Moral concepts. Mencius further proposed the "Five Ethics" moral code of "father and son are related, monarch and minister are righteous, husband and wife are distinguished, elders and young are orderly, and friends are trustworthy". Dong Zhongshu followed his Tao of "valuing Yang and despising Yin".

The Yinbei theory further develops the concept of five ethics and proposes the Three Cardinal Principles and the Five Constant Principles. Dong Zhongshu believes that among human relations, the three relationships between monarch and minister, father and son, and seeking perfection and blame are the most important, and these three relationships are the most important.

There is a heavenly and eternal master-slave relationship: the king is the master and the ministers are the slaves; the father is the master and the son is the slave; the husband is the master and the wife is the slave. This is the so-called "the king is the master and the ministers are the slaves."

The three cardinal principles are "the guide of the son, the guide of the wife, and the guide of the wife." The three cardinal guides are all taken from the principle of yin and yang. Specifically, the king, father, and husband embody the "yang" side of heaven, and the minister, son, and wife embody the "yin" side of heaven.

"face; Yang is always in a dominant and noble position, and Yin is always in a subordinate and humble position. Dong Zhongshu established the dominant position of monarchy, fatherhood, and husbandship with this, and sanctified the feudal hierarchy and political order as the fundamental law of the universe.

. Dong Zhongshu also believes that the five constant principles of benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and faith are the basic rules for dealing with the relationship between monarch and minister, father and son, husband and wife, and superiors and inferiors. In his view, people are different from each other.

An important characteristic of other creatures is that human beings are born with the Five Constant Principles. By adhering to the Five Constant Principles, we can maintain social stability and harmonious interpersonal relationships. Starting from Zhu Xi in the Song Dynasty, the concept of the Three Cardinal Guidelines and the Five Constant Principles was initially used together.

It started with Confucius. Confucius emphasized the importance of educating society through hierarchical names, and believed that the first step in government was to "rectify the name", so that "the king, the minister, the father, the son," Dong Zhongshu advocated the examination of names to educate the people.

, the political concepts, moral norms, etc. that are in line with the interests of feudal rule are established as titles, titles are named festivals, and titles are made, and they are used to educate the people. The main content is "teaching by name."

Three cardinal guides and the five permanent members.

However, the word "name religion" appeared in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and was used to refer to the feudal ethics with Confucius's thought of "correcting names" as the main content.

During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, debates centered on the relationship between "famous religion" and "nature".

Wang Bixiu, Lao and Zhuang, thought of Confucianism and believed that Mingjiao came from nature; Ji Kang put forward the idea of ??"transgressing Mingjiao and letting nature take over"; Guo Xiang of the Western Jin Dynasty believed that Mingjiao was nature.

After the Song and Ming Dynasties, famous religions were called "Heavenly Principles" and became the shackles that restricted people's words and deeds.

Anyone who violates the feudal ethics will be regarded as a "famous religious sinner".

The three cardinal principles, five constant principles and the concept of Mingjiao defended the sanctity and rationality of feudal class rule and hierarchical order, and became the basic theory of China's feudal absolutist rule, maintained and promoted by the feudal ruling classes of all dynasties.

As the highest moral principles and concepts of feudal society, they were written into the genealogy of feudal families and played a role in regulating and restricting people's thoughts and behaviors.

For more than 2,000 years, it has been influencing the national character of the Chinese people.

Of course, this kind of thinking also played a role in maintaining social order and regulating interpersonal relationships in a certain period.