What are the contents of the Three Gorges Folk Tales?

Three Gorges Folktales Folktales, commonly known as the "storytelling", the Chongqing dialect for the "Dragon Gate", which originated in the folk, rooted in tradition, the countryside rhyme is long, is the folk oral literature in a wider range of genres and forms. The Three Gorges has become a unique cultural phenomenon with its abundance of folk storytellers. Liu Depei's oral folk literature and art works blended with the truth of the soil are his greatest treasures born from the evolution of time and space and the vicissitudes of the world, and the deep and wide social and historical connotations reflected in the works have transcended the external form of the works, and the native art with some historical and cultural connotations has arrived at a kind of ideal world of vulgarity and harmlessness by the appearance of the real state of life. Liu Depei has inherited the folk oral literature heritage of West E region with his superb memory and become a "living fossil" of folk literature which is famous at home and abroad. Liu Depei's story retains the unique style of folk literature, such as "having a beginning and an end, a line to the end, explaining clearly, attracting people to win" and "simple and unadorned, not branching or spreading" and other expressive methods, but also has his own creation. The storyline of his storytelling is well conceived, the language is vivid and witty, and the ending often shows great skill, which creates a very high artistic and aesthetic value. There are many good storytellers in the Three Gorges area, and Liu Depei is one of the masters. He has told 512 folk stories, more than 1,000 proverbs, more than 1,000 folk songs, more than 600 riddles, as well as a large number of folk cultural materials, which have made great contributions to the inheritance and promotion of China's excellent folk culture, and it is in this sense that Liu Depei has been described as a well-deserved "National Treasure". In this sense, Liu Depei has been described as a well-deserved "national treasure". Focusing on the content, folktales include fantasy stories, historical stories, wisdom stories, life stories, animal and plant stories and other categories. Fantasy story is an important category of folktales, which constitutes bizarre stories with surreal fantasies, expresses and sends people's wishes that cannot be realized in real life through fantasies, and expresses people's dissatisfaction with the painful life situation and their strong desire to change the situation, which is rich in imaginations and strange, and shows the readers a surreal picture with colorful, divine and human interactions, and is full of romantic colors. The eagle can carry the good brother to the sun mountain to pick up the treasure, the same can also be greedy brother transported to the gold dazzling abyss of evil; python change into a handsome young man to marry the member of the three misses as a wife, so that she can not get the tenderness of the earth, the vixen's beautiful and enchanting virtues of the village workers to make the farmland work in peace and happiness to enjoy the happiness of the family. ...... human beings in the pursuit of their own personality independence and spiritual liberation of the long distance, so gradually unfolded their romantic vision and active pursuit. The basic structural pattern of fantasy stories is the story of repaying kindness, some of which are stories of repaying kindness by goddesses, whose protagonists are often hard-working, kind-hearted and honest fishermen, hunters and woodcutters, who are either secretly instructed by the goddess of love, or save the life of a small and weak animal by chance, which happens to be the embodiment of a dragon lady or a snake lady, and so they come to the earth from the world of fairies to repay the kindness and make their benefactresses live happily. They came from the immortal world to the earth, and in return for their kindness, they let their benefactor live a happy life. And there is a greedy for money and colorful people to provoke obstruction between them, repeatedly difficult, were they show wisdom and magic power, one by one to break through, break through the obstacles, and finally punished the bad guys. Some of them are the stories of animals and other small elves to repay their kindness. Historical stories have a wide range of themes in the Three Gorges, such as Gongsun Shu's claim to the throne, Liu Huangshu's solitude, Zhuge Liang's formation, Li Baicheng's stargazing, and Zhang Xianzhong's conquests, as well as the anecdotes of poets and ink masters such as Li Daoyuan, Du Fu, Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, Lu You, Huang Tingjian, Zhou Dunyi, and Wang Shipeng. Wisdom stories, also called wit stories, are the most idealistic part of folk tales. Most of the protagonists of the stories are small people who are unable to fight against the dominant social class, but they are able to use their wisdom to achieve a comical result, which also reflects the hidden wishes of the general masses of toilers. Of course, the reality is much more complicated and heavy than the stories, and as a whole, these stories have not been able to achieve the kind of realistic criticism and spiritual enlightenment. The stories told by the folklorist Liu Depei, "The Story of Du Laoshi" and "The Story of Zhang Shifa," are life stories reflecting the struggle of the masses of toiling people against the feudal exploiting class and celebrating the spirit of the working people's resourcefulness, bravery, tenacity, and optimism. His story chic ideas, moving plot, rigorous structure, philosophical, such as "half a penny" storyline is: during the Qianlong years, the county magistrate of Zhijiang County, heard Changle Missy's fame, came to the door to gamble with the Missy a little tough, hard to pull the Missy to fight a lawsuit, betting on the Missy to beat his hat off, or else he will be let him! The first time I saw him, I was in the middle of a fight. This county magistrate is a hard to serve not soft guy, see the youngest do not love to go, the more is to shake this hard. Du was pestered, said: "the lawsuit to Jingzhou Province, I half a penny are not, how dare you go on the road? The magistrate heard that as long as half a penny, the Tongbao chopped half to Du Laojiao. The two went straight to Jingzhou, Missy Du immediately sued the county official, a really took off the county "master" of the hat. Missy Du's pleadings are written: "as the people's parents, without the law so bold, Qianlong Tongbao chopped in half, not chopped also have to remove the first official." There are also many stories about the clever daughter-in-law, ha (stupid) son-in-law. The folk tales of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River are rich and beautiful, full of strong love and hate. Historically, positive history has preached the wisdom of the superior and the foolishness of the inferior, but in the folklore of this ethnic area, a large number of stories have been handed down to glorify the wisdom of the working people and mock the stupidity of the exploiters, which shows that the working people are the creators of the folklore, and that they use their own wisdom to create oral literature to glorify themselves. For example, the story of Luo Erwa, once upon a time, there was a rich man named San Yan Wang, hired a cowherd called Luo Erwa, Luo Erwa not only did not get paid for his work, but also always ate the worst things. Three Yan King said hypocritically, "You are still young, eat good days in the future." Luo Erwa starved to skin and bones, so he had a plan, made a gabion head, a slope with a gabion head to the calf's mouth cage, do not allow the calf to eat grass, the calf was so hungry that it was crooked, the three Yan King saw the fire, Luo Erwa did not panic, said: "The cow is still young, eat the good days in the future." Three King of Hell is afraid of calf starvation, no longer dare to take pussy to Luo Erwa eat. Soon, three king of hell and put forward cattle to eat dew grass to grow fat, midnight after a point to call Luo Erwa get up. Luo Erwa really can not stand, and then thought of an idea. The next morning, the first time the chicken crowed, three Yan Wang came to urge Luo Erwa on the slope, Luo Erwa sleep in bed and did not move, mouth promised: "three masters, I'm looking at the lice it." "How do you catch lice in the dark?" "I can't see to catch lice, can I see to go uphill to herd cows?" "The cows are big and fat, why can't you see them?" "Master San, don't you think the fatter you get, the dumber you get? If the cow rolls over the rock, what will happen to you?" Three Yan Wang thought, put early cattle is good, fell to death is not good. So he said, "Well, we'll go uphill again when it's light." From this, it is not difficult to see the cleverness and wisdom of the lowly. In addition, there are a large number of legends reflecting the feudal rites of cannibalism, reflecting the excellent quality of the working people's diligence in creation and willingness to help others, and reflecting the innocent love of young men and women. Witty character stories of the protagonists of different personalities, some of the cunning and treacherous, to help people for fun, some chivalrous, to fight for justice, some just and clean, to punish the evil way, some of the teenage smart, thick inner show; there are also some of the hooliganism and white food, rascals, some of the game of life and play with the object of loss of life, and there are for the livelihood of cheating and its cursing into a fetish ...... or People are happy, clap their hands, or people show eyebrows, a free chest, or people spit, back and forth, or people strangled, lamenting life. These characters embody, to varying degrees, the optimism and cheerfulness of the working masses and the spirit of fearless struggle. There are many different ways to fight with witty characters: Inviting a gentleman to a jar, cleverly setting up all kinds of traps, letting the opponent go in, the opponent is unaware of it, and it's too late to repent, such as "My Family Has No Conscience"; side-stepping, pointing at the sangs and cursing the locusts, saying that the words are in this and the intention is to be in the other, to achieve the purpose of ridiculing the opponent, such as "Swinging away from the stinking money is a dog"; pretending to be crazy, this is the great wisdom like fools, the great cleverness, the great cleverness, the great cleverness of pretending to be foolish, such as the image of Zhang Tufa; deceiving and cheating, deceiving and cheating, and deceiving and cheating. Tufa image; deceiving and cheating, these cheaters are not exactly the common people, but some of the rich and unkind, miserly and stingy landlords and ruffians who roam the countryside; amusing and amusing, the witty characters use this approach is not to punish opponents, but to tease each other, from which to get the fun, amusing object is often a number of good and innocent people, such as picking up the medicine fish, the pendulum pendulum is a bitter, etc. In short, the witty characters are very good at punching opponents, but they are also good at making fun of their opponents, and they are also good at making fun of their opponents. In short, the witty characters were good at using their wits in various occasions to achieve victory. They were some people with superior intelligence, and became more and more perfect in the process of circulation, becoming the symbol of the collective wisdom of the people. Life stories have little or no fantasy content, so they are also called "realistic stories" or "secular stories", but their form is more complex than fantasy stories. The protagonist of this kind of story mostly encounters several difficult problems in his space, and always reaches an ideal shore through unexpected twists and endings, or poems, or cleverly sets up barriers, or treats others the way they treat others. In this way, it attracts people to win with a variety of plots and distinctive single image, and attracts people to beat the drum. That kind of calm and unhurried that scene of wisdom, unobtrusive accusations of Samsara, the solemn mockery of flirting and imaginative talent at hand is indeed surprisingly breathtaking. This kind of story contains rich local customs. For example, the story "Sacrifice Kiln", the story itself is to express the idea of karma that harms people, but side by side reflects the history of ancient human sacrifices. The Tujia region is still ghosts and gods, good sacrifices, even kiln burning to hold human sacrifices, which is very beneficial to the study of ancient beliefs and sacrifices. The main categories of life stories are life struggle stories, clever girl stories, silly husband stories, friend stories or good emperor stories, etc. Many life stories are light and easy to read. Many life stories have a light, humorous and slapstick comedic style, some are hilarious comedies in themselves, and some are not pure comedies, but are not without wonderful comedic details. In order to enhance the comedic effect, life stories employ a variety of artistic devices: exaggeration, which exaggerates certain attributes of the characters to a grotesque degree; coincidence, which can make the characters come out of nowhere and produce unexpected effects; and contradiction, which shows the absurdity in the incongruity. In addition, playing the fool and teasing are also commonly used techniques. There is a kind of animal and plant stories in folk tales, which tell that grass, trees, insects and fish all have feelings, not only the natural common sense of the pine tree's strength and solitude, and the cedar tree's humility, but also the solemn historical feelings of the people accumulated in the bones of mountains, grasses, trees, flowers, birds, insects and fish. Badong's "Why the Ox Plows the Field", "Why the Cat Eats the Mouse", "The Mouse Marries the Girl", "Scattering the Bored Grass", etc., and Dangyang's "The Dog Hungries the Bird", "The Cow Eats the Grass", "The Mulberry Tree" and so on. "A grass and a tree are always related to love", told with interest, such as "Jinben Yang" story: and the Qingjiang River parallel to the 318 National Highway line there is a mountain stream called Jinben River, the river there is a plant as high as more than ten meters of the ancient poplar. It is a thick tree base, there are five big holes on the ground, the holes are connected, can accommodate two or three people. Forestry records call it the "Gold Basin Poplar". Legend has it that once upon a time there was a Sichuan cargo man, passing through the man cave to hide from the rain, a local woman surnamed Xiang also man cave to hide from the rain, just met the cargo man undressing wringing water, she turned back to go, was swept away by the flash floods. Cargo man to save people, send her home, and then back to the tree hole for the night. To the parents think the goods to the groom is an honest benefactor, intends to marry the woman to him, bitter no matchmaker, then asked his daughter to ask the rescuer to come to the home to live temporarily. The next day, the girl went to the tree and looked up, and the cargo man asked her what she was looking at. The woman said, "I'm looking to see if they are vines wrapped around trees or trees wrapped around vines. Or is it the tree wrapped around the vine?" So the goodsman boldly proposed, and finally concluded a good relationship. Since then, this ancient poplar tree has become a fragrant nest for young men and women to talk about love. These stories often personify the appearance, characteristics and growth habits of plants and animals, forming a holistic structure to convey the narrator's interest. In some stories of repayment, the animals in the story either earn a little bit of money for the benefactor with their meager power or point out to the benefactor to avoid disasters with their ability to predict good and bad luck. This kind of stories of repayment is related to the primitive totem worship because the fantasy stories originated in the primitive society, and the primitive customs must have left a projection in them. In the view of primitive people, all things in nature have spirituality, they worship nature, worship and their survival is closely related to the animals or plants, hoping that they bless themselves, give them happiness.

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