History and culture of Qingzhou, an ancient city

Qingzhou is one of the ancient Kyushu.

As early as 7000 years ago, during the Northern New Culture Period, ancestors of Dongyi lived here.

During Dawenkou culture, Longshan culture and Yueshi culture, Dongyi people created splendid ancient civilization here.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Qingzhou was the hinterland of the State of Qi, with rich materials and developed culture.

In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Jianguang County was the seat of Qingzhou Secretariat.

At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, Cao Ben, the secretariat of Qingzhou, built a new city, named Guanggu City, which was once the capital of Murong De, the Southern Yan State.

In the sixth year of Emperor Wu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (4 10), Southern Yan was destroyed and widely consolidated.

Mu Zhi, a new Qingzhou secretariat sheep, built Dongyang City on the north bank of Nanyang River.

During the Northern Wei Dynasty, due to the narrow space and large population of Dongyang City, the south profile was built on the south bank of Nanyang River, which was Nanyang City.

From Sui and Tang Dynasties to Ming and Qing Dynasties, Dongyang City and Nanyang City have always been the locations of Qingzhou Secretariat House, JD.COM East Road, Qingzhou House and Yidu County, and have always been the political, economic and cultural centers of Shandong in history.

The long history of Zhaode ancient block has left Qingzhou with rich cultural heritage. In Qingzhou, there are still many ancient streets in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The ancient streets and lanes are paved with blue bricks and gray tiles, red columns and white walls, and bluestone, revealing a strong quaint.

It can be said that Qingzhou ancient street is the epitome and the best witness of Qingzhou's long history.

Among these ancient streets, the one with the best preservation, the most original flavor and the continuation of its cultural tradition belongs to Zhaode block in Dongguan.

The main streets in Zhaode block include Dongmen Street, Dongguan Street, Zhaode Street, Beige Street, Cai Liang Street and the streets on both sides. They are connected from north to south and connected from east to west, forming a group of ancient buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The total length is over 3000 meters.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it used to be the traffic artery from Linqu and Linyi in the south, Nanjing in the north and Beijing in the north. It is a famous commercial center and religious activity center in eastern Shandong.

Hui and Han nationalities live in harmony, and cultural exchanges are integrated. Zhaode block is a multi-ethnic area inhabited by Hui, Han, Manchu and Mongolian.

The earliest followers who came to Qingzhou can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty.

Qingzhou area was very prosperous at that time. Trade-oriented people, Persians and cannibals came to Qingzhou to carry out trade activities through the Silk Road on land and at sea. The locals call them "Ke Fan".

The imperial court once set up the "Qingzhou two ambassadors' escort department" here to manage foreign guests' affairs.

However, at that time, the mobility of foreigners was large, and not many people settled in Qingzhou.

Since the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, many officials and their families have moved to Qingzhou, forming a stable settlement. Since then, * * * residents here have been passed down from generation to generation, with an existing population of more than 20,000.

Until now, the residents of * * * here still retain their own inherent national cultural traditions and eating habits.

At the same time, all ethnic groups get married and cultures exchange with each other. While Han culture spread to ethnic minorities, Manchu martial arts, shuttlecock, singing and dancing, catering and so on were gradually integrated into the lives of Han people and other ethnic minorities.

Shuttlecock kicking, a traditional sport loved by the masses, has now become a very popular sport in Qingzhou. Every morning, badminton flying all over the sky in parks and squares has become a beautiful scenery in the ancient city.

Culture has become an important link to promote national harmony and unity. The 36 ethnic groups in the city * * * worked together, * * * developed harmoniously and prosperously, and merged into one family. Qingzhou won the highest prize of "National Advanced Collective of National Unity and Progress" as a symbol of national unity and harmony for four consecutive years.

Zhaode block, a famous historical and cultural block, not only completely retains the ancient houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties, but also is a famous historical and cultural block.

In the history of this block, many historical figures have been born or lived, among which the most famous are the four top scholars.

One is Wang Zeng, the famous top three scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty.

According to legend, although Wang Zeng's father didn't understand literature and ink, he valued Confucianism and Taoism.

In his later years, he dreamed that Confucius held a dream and said that Zeng Shen was going to his house.

Sure enough, he soon got a son, so he named him Wang Zeng.

During the reign of Xianping, Wang Zenglian won three yuan and won the world.

After the official to the prime minister, the release of the Lord protector.

Baiguozhuang Lane in Zhaode Street is the back door of the former residence of Prime Minister Wang. The name of the alley is named after the original ginkgo tree planted by Wang Zeng and his brothers. The story of Duan Songling, a famous epitaph in Qing Dynasty, proves this point: "Shen Jing Street is my hometown, and there are only two kings.

Look at the ginkgo tree in the old garden, which is the eternal Gan Tang for pedestrians.

"The two kings in the poem refer to Wang Zeng and Wang two brothers.

The second is Zhao, the top scholar of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhao, whose real name is Yang.

In the twenty-sixth year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1598), he won the top prize in the middle, and the official was the minister of rites.

Its former residence is located on the west side of Beige Street, and it is called Soft Green Garden.

Li Zhongxing, a scholar in the Ming Dynasty, said in the poem "Bachelor with Zhao Yang": "All the articles are clear, and ten acres of scholars live in it.

When the moon falls, the horizontal window lies on the pavilion, and the wind watches the fish around.

"In the poem, Zhao Yang is Zhao, and the ten-acre scholar's mansion is this soft green garden.

Up to now, Qinglong Lane and Baihu Lane named after Zhao Zhuangyuan are still preserved in the block.

The paper of the champion of the senior high school entrance examination is now kept in Qingzhou Museum, which is the earliest existing champion paper in China and a national first-class cultural relic.

Duan Songling himself is a native of Beige Street, so his memories of Rouqing Garden are real and full of feelings. He said in "Ten Lyrics": "At the entrance of Qinglong Lane, there is a fragrant garden with smiling balls, singing and dancing in the soft green garden, covered with red makeup.

"Third, Hong Jun, the top scholar in Qing Dynasty, was a famous diplomat.

Jun Hong was originally from Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. During the Tongzhi period, his mother and son came to Qingzhou to join relatives and friends who were officials here and lived in Shaoxing Guild Hall near Dongmen Street. As a teenager, Jun Hong was an apprentice at Sensheng grocery store here. Because of his diligence, he is the top scholar in Qingzhou Examinations Institute. Tongzhi seven years (1868), Jinshi, Beijing, top of high school. Qingzhou people call him an apprentice.

Qingzhou Museum treasures a pair of calligraphy couplets: "Books seek to trace their essence, and literature has true teachings as mirrors."

In addition, Ding Dianxiang, the champion of the Qing Dynasty, was born here, and the champion mansion was near Dongmen Street.

Ding Dianxiang, * * * was born in Jingyuan and was born in Songsheng. In the 19th year of Jiaqing (18 14), he was the first scholar in Wu Ke, JOE, and the emperor appointed him as the "martial arts champion".

He used to be a first-class bodyguard of the imperial court and a general of Guangxi.

Perhaps it has shrouded the aura of the four top scholars. In past dynasties, many dignitaries and politicians in this area chose to live here.

East Zhaozhai Lane of Zhaode Street used to be the residence of Rong Lu, a doctor of Yuan Dynasty, and Bo Yan, the prime minister of Zuo Dynasty.

After the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Song Dynasty, he was given the surname Zhao and moved to Qingzhou.

Up to now, there are still many descendants of Zhao living here in this block.

Now there is the former residence of Zhao Mingyuan, commander-in-chief of the civil soldiers in eastern Shandong.

Yangjiaxiang in the north of Zhenjue Temple is the former residence of Yang Yingkui, a scholar in the sixth year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty (15 1). Yang Yingkui was a magistrate of Nanyang, good at calligraphy and poetry, and wrote Lu Gu Collection.

Once funded the reconstruction of Zhenjiao Temple.

Shuangjing Street, south of Liu Liang Street, is the former residence of Li Wenzao, a scholar of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. Li Wenzao is a well-known official in Guilin, and has written many books, such as Yidu Kao, Qingshe Reader, Zhucheng County Records, Licheng County Records, Yunmen Monument, Nanjian Anthology, Lingnan Poetry Collection and so on. There are tens of thousands of books in his family, so he named his bookstore "Wanjuan".

Dongjiaxiang has the residence of Dong Kewei, a scholar of Wanli in Ming Dynasty and a minister of the Ministry of Industry.

During the Republic of China, Zhao Taimou, a native of Qinglong Street, studied drama at Columbia University. After returning to China, he served as the president of Shandong University.

The profound cultural heritage of Zhaode block has given birth to many historical and cultural celebrities, and these historical celebrities who shine and shine in history have also brought incomparable glory to this block.

Historical stories and legends about them are still circulating in the old streets, and they have become a topic that people talk about.

Qingzhou, a famous religious and cultural block, has been a metropolis of Haidai since ancient times. In history, there is a rich collection of humanities, and the ideology and culture are open, free and inclusive.

The five major religions in the world-Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity, Catholicism and Christianity-have a long history in Qingzhou, which has deeply influenced the local traditional cultural thoughts.

From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Qingzhou was the center of Buddhist culture in eastern China, and many monasteries were established, among which the famous longxing temple was one. After the Tang Dynasty, Taoism flourished in Qingzhou, and Buddhism and Taoism coexisted in Yunmen Mountain and Tuoshan in the south of Qingzhou.

Zhang Sanfeng, a famous Taoist figure in Ming Dynasty, practiced in Yunmen Shan Zhinan Cave.

In Zhaode block alone, there are four religious temples of three different types.

There are two * * * religious temples, namely Zhenjiao Temple and * * * Temple.

Zhenjue Temple is the largest and oldest * * * religion temple in Qingzhou. According to the inscription in the temple, it was built by the descendants of Bo Yan, the prime minister in the sixth year of Dade in Yuan Dynasty (1302), and it was one of the three true religious temples in Yuan Dynasty.

After successive additions and repairs, it has become a group of ancient buildings with large scale and compact structure.

It is still an important place for religious believers to gather and worship.

1935, the famous Imam Ma Songting (then deputy director of the National Iraqi Association) gave a lecture and made a pilgrimage here.

* * * Temple is located in the west of Zhaode Block. In the twenty-fifth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1546), the son of Hengwang Ningyang reconsidered, and Zhang, the magistrate of Qingzhou, personally wrote the temple forehead.

The famous imam Wang Jingzhai once translated scriptures here.

At present, Qingzhou Religious Association and Qingzhou National Painting and Calligraphy Institute are both located here, and exhibitions of minority painting and calligraphy are often held. * * * Temple has become an important place to serve the Muslim people and society.

The Catholic Church and the Christian Church are located on the west side of Zhaode block.

In the thirty-third year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1605), Catholicism was introduced into Qingzhou by western missionaries. In the first year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty (1875), the first church in Qingzhou was established and expanded continuously.

1933, Qingzhou cathedral was built. With a capacity of 3,000 people and a height of 35 meters, the Temple was the tallest building in Qingzhou at that time.

During the war of liberation, the nursery school of East China Bureau was once located here, and the children of the nursery school were taken good care of by nuns here.

Now Qingzhou Catholic Patriotic Association is located here.

Christianity was introduced to Qingzhou in the ninth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1859), and a large chapel was built as a church activity center in the second year of Xuantong (19 10).

Christianity advocates that the church should run schools, give medicines and build museums. While cultivating clergy, it also brought western science and technology to Qingzhou.

After the founding of New China, with the implementation of the national ethnic and religious policies, the religious believers respected each other despite their different beliefs, adhered to the principle of "independence and self-management", loved their country and religion, and consciously safeguarded social stability, national unity and reunification of the motherland, thus achieving national unity and harmony, religious harmony and social harmony.

Zhaode block, a famous commercial center, was a famous commercial center in Shandong history in Ming and Qing Dynasties. At that time, merchants gathered, and there were more than 40 dajia businessmen doing business here in Shanxi Province alone. They formed a business gang and built a magnificent Shanxi guild hall in Jiamu Lane, Dongguan Street, which provided convenience for Shanxi businessmen to stay, get together and negotiate. Today, the remains still exist.

Many old people are familiar with the old brand in this community. Please point out its original location, such as non-staple food factory, Zhenxing Tobacco Factory, Wanhetang Pharmacy, Shancheng Emerald Pickle, Yixingyong Department Store, Hehe Store, Xingmao Tea House, Dyeing House, Zhongyi and Pastry, Yangjia Warehouse, Deming Pharmacy, Shop, Yongchuntang Pharmacy, Fajia Store, Wang.

The famous * * * food store Longsheng Noodle, Fulushou Noodle and traditional old craft Jicheng Red Furnace in Zhaode block have a history of hundreds of years, and their business is still booming.

Famous * * * traditional foods such as sesame seed cake, plum-ear zongzi, beef in soup stock, Dongguan Hu cake and Dongguan sticky porridge have been included in the local intangible cultural heritage list.

The famous film and television base has preserved the ancient block of Zhaode, Qingzhou, with the architectural style of Ming and Qing Dynasties in China, attracting many film and television directors to shoot historical costume dramas. For example, Journey to the West, Liaozhai, Li Qingzhao, Sung River, Zheng Banqiao, code number 007, Golden Post Station and Luo Ronghuan all took a lot of history as the background.

Since Qingzhou was founded, the municipal party committee and municipal government have put forward the urban construction policy of keeping the word "ancient" and highlighting the word "green", which has made these ancient buildings better protected.

1990, Zhaode block was announced as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Qingzhou.

Since 1997, the city * * * has reconstructed the buildings along Zhaode Street according to the principle of "repairing the old as the old", and turned the bluestone slabs with a history of hundreds of years on Zhaode Street to pave the way, which not only preserved the original features of the old street, but also protected these slabs that have been trampled for hundreds of years.

In recent years, Qingzhou City has paid great attention to the protection and utilization of cultural relics in the process of urban construction, and hired experts to make an overall protection plan for Zhaode block. The residents of this block actively cooperated and participated.

At present, this plan is being implemented step by step.

This year, the city * * * and the religious departments will jointly contribute to the restoration of the * * * Hall, the Zhenji Hall and the Jinglun Hall, and rebuild the Enguang Building of the Christian Church.

The cultural relics department participates in the whole process, and everything is implemented in accordance with the overall protection plan and relevant cultural relics protection laws and regulations.

Qingzhou ancient street has become a beautiful business card for Qingzhou's external publicity, attracting many experts and scholars who study ancient buildings. An Times, the wife of koreshige anami, the former ambassador to China, made several special trips to Zhaode Ancient Street and wrote several research papers.

We believe that with the promotion of famous historical and cultural streets in China, more and more tourists will enter the ancient streets of Qingzhou and appreciate its long history and splendid culture.

Qingzhou is one of the ancient Kyushu, and there are many historical and cultural celebrities in the history books. Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng, famous poets, have lived in Qingzhou for more than 10 years, and their poetry creation is fruitful. Pu Songling has formed an indissoluble bond with Qingzhou.

Nowadays, cities are building cultural brands one after another. Qingzhou, as a famous historical and cultural city, how to explore traditional culture and develop cultural industry? Recently, the reporter visited Xu Xinyi, director of Qingzhou Cultural Bureau.

Reporters have always been impressed by Qingzhou Museum, especially Zhao's number one volume, which is very shocking. Under the introduction of Xu Xinyi, director of Qingzhou Cultural Bureau, the reporter had a deeper understanding of Qingzhou's history and culture.

Qingzhou has a 7000-year history of civilization. It is the birthplace of Dongyi culture and one of the ancient Kyushu.

Anyone who goes to Qingzhou will visit this museum, which is the epitome of Qingzhou's dazzling history and culture.

There are more than 20,000 bronze dings of Shang Dynasty, jade carvings of Han Dynasty, stone carvings of Northern Qi Dynasty, Buddha of Northern Zhou Dynasty, Bodhisattva of Southern and Northern Dynasties, stone carvings of Sui and Tang Dynasties, as well as the original painting of Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in autumn and the imperial examination champion in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, as well as local cultural relics such as pottery, bronzes, ironware, jade articles, inscriptions, calligraphy and painting produced in past dynasties, which make people appreciate the historical elegance of Qingcheng.

"To say the cultural characteristics of Qingzhou should be a strong integration of Qingzhou culture.

"Xu Xinyi said.

Qingzhou * * * has more than 30 nationalities including Han, Hui, Manchu, Tujia and Miao. Over the years, they have lived in harmony and developed together, forming a highly integrated Qingzhou regional culture.

The representative Buddhist culture enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad, such as 1996, which has been rated as one of the top ten newly discovered Longxing Buddha statues in China and has a long history of "longevity" culture.

Yunmen Mountain's word "longevity" is known as "the longest life in the world", and the word "longevity is better than Nanshan" is said to have originated from this.

In addition, Qingzhou's celebrity culture is also very bright. Kou Zhun, Fan Zhongyan, Li Qingzhao, Ouyang Xiu and Fu Bi. Have an indissoluble bond with Qingzhou.

Cultural tourism is inseparable from the development of cultural industries. When asked about the current situation of Qingzhou's cultural industry, Xu Xinyi said excitedly that vigorously developing the cultural industry is the key to enhancing the city's brand.

In recent years, Qingzhou has mainly carried out work around three aspects: ancient city culture, ecological culture and ethnic and religious culture development, focusing on cultivating seven cultural industries: first, cultural tourism, focusing on developing Buddhist and longevity cultural tourism routes, and building eco-tourism brands; Second, the performing arts industry, the construction of leisure and entertainment centers, the formation of Qingzhou Art Troupe, rehearsing an original large-scale song and dance that can represent Qingzhou's image; Third, antique calligraphy and painting and arts and crafts industry, cultivate antique calligraphy and painting and arts and crafts production enterprises and specialized villages and households, carefully build leading enterprises, and guide antique calligraphy and painting and arts and crafts products to develop in the direction of specialization, collectivization and industrialization; The fourth is to develop the printing industry; Fifth, the advertising exhibition industry, focusing on the well-known social and cultural brand of Flower Expo, will form a characteristic exhibition brand integrating festivals, conferences, exhibitions, performances and competitions as soon as possible; Sixth, leisure and entertainment industry; Seventh, cultural real estate, focusing on the development of Nanyang River, Yiwangfu, Yaowanghu, Hengwangfu and Haidai Community. To highlight the cultural charm of the ancient city.

Qingzhou should pay special attention to 17 cultural industry projects in recent years.

First, build Qingzhou cultural information industrial park with an investment of about 500 million yuan, focusing on developing high-tech industries; The second is a printing industry project based on the existing Dongba printing enterprises; The third is to plan and build a cultural product management area, focusing on creating "five major markets", namely Dongyi Cultural Painting and Calligraphy Garden, Antique Market, Ancient Street Cultural Market, Nanyang River Scenic Area Cultural Market, Calligraphy and Painting Art City and Yuhua Cultural Market; The fourth is the development project of Buddha's longevity culture, focusing on the construction of Guanyin sculpture in Fenghuang Mountain and longevity culture Expo Park, and developing longevity cultural products.

In addition, there are eco-cultural tourism projects, flag city cultural development projects, Hengwangfu cultural projects, eco-agricultural sightseeing cultural industrial park centered on Huanglou, exhibition cultural industry center, Zhuangyuan Building in Zhengmu Town, reconstruction of Confucian Temple, protection and development of infrastructure such as "Four Imperial Tombs", thematic cultural industry projects centered on Dongyi Cultural Park and Jiangjun Cultural Park, and religious cultural industry projects centered on Zhaode Street and Zhenjiao Temple.

When talking about whether Qingzhou will give some support policies in the construction of cultural projects, Xu Xinyi said: "In order to plan, coordinate and guide the development of the city's cultural industries in a unified way, Qingzhou has set up a coordinating body and formulated preferential policies to comprehensively promote the development of cultural industries in a market-oriented manner.

And set up a special fund for the development of Qingzhou cultural industry to support the construction of cultural creativity, animation and industrial parks.

In addition, Qingzhou also encourages social forces to set up cultural industries.

Implement the project-driven strategy and vigorously introduce and develop key cultural projects with demonstration and leading functions.

Appropriate support can be given to emerging cultural industries in terms of taxation and credit.

Furthermore, create conditions to attract the headquarters or regional headquarters, research and development centers and procurement centers of well-known cultural enterprises at home and abroad to settle in.

Make use of various investment platforms such as the Flower Expo and the Lutai Economic and Trade Fair to further accelerate the pace of attracting investment from cultural industries.

Another point is that it is also very important to guide urban and rural residents to increase the proportion of cultural consumption in consumption expenditure and provide a growing demand market for accelerating the development of cultural industries.

With its profound historical and cultural heritage, coupled with many policy support and efforts of modern Qingzhou in building cultural brands, cultural tourism is becoming the golden signboard of Qingzhou's city brand image, and Qingzhou is increasingly becoming a famous cultural city and tourist city with distinctive characteristics, outstanding personality, loud brand and advanced facilities.