Three high school art teaching plans

# Lesson Plan # Introduction Education should make people happy and make all education full of fun. I have prepared three high school art teaching plans for you, hoping to help you!

bronze vessels

Teaching purpose: Through teaching, let students know about the bronzes with a long history in China ancient arts and crafts, cultivate students' ability to appreciate ancient arts and crafts, and improve the level of art appreciation.

Teaching focus:

1. In terms of the types of arts and crafts, the emphasis should be placed on bronzes, because they are an important part of China's ancient civilization and another glorious chapter of China's ancient arts and crafts after painted pottery.

2. In terms of mastering knowledge and appreciation methods, the focus should be on mastering appreciation methods.

Teaching difficulties:

Mainly some professional terms and related historical and cultural knowledge.

Teaching time: 1 class hour

Preparation of teaching aids: teaching materials, pictures and videos (L49).

Teaching process:

First, the organization of teaching: (routine)

2. Introduce new courses:

In the early ancient arts and crafts in China, if pottery is a symbol of the Neolithic Age in primitive society, then bronze arts and crafts can become a typical representative of arts and crafts in slave society.

This lecture will introduce the emergence and development of bronze craft and its main artistic characteristics to students. (Show the topic)

After a long course in the primitive commune era, human beings entered the slave society. In China, as a symbol of slave society civilization, it is bronze craft. Historians call the era of slavery the "Bronze Age".

The developed casting technology of bronzes fully reflects the highly developed productivity level during the period of slavery society in China, and its colorful shapes and patterns reflect the outstanding artistic creation of working people in China.

1. What is bronze ware?

Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin-lead, because copper (pure copper) has a high melting point (1083C) and a low hardness. Adding tin can reduce the melting point (700-900℃) and increase the hardness, so it has wide applicability in application. Before people used iron, bronze was widely used to cast various utensils.

2. Classification of bronzes

The scope of bronzes is very extensive, which can be roughly divided into four categories from the function:

(1) Ritual vessels: During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, some daily-used bronzes were endowed with special significance because they were furnishings for sacrifices and ceremonies, and became bronze ritual vessels. Such as Ding, Wei and Zun.

(2) Musical instruments: In the Spring and Autumn Period, musical instruments were even more indispensable in sacrifices and ceremonies. The so-called "Zhong Ming" reflected the situation at that time, such as Rao, Zhong, Zhong Gu and so on.

(3) Weapons: The most unearthed weapons were in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. There are Ge, Yue, spear, sword and arrow.

(4) Tools, chariots and horses: such as plows, hoes, sickles, shovels and axes.

In addition, the main categories of bronze utensils are: food utensils, wine utensils, water utensils and household miscellaneous utensils. Among them, food containers and wine containers are mainly used.

3. The main features of bronze craft in modeling and ornamentation:

From the perspective of artistic appreciation, the outstanding achievements of ancient bronze crafts in China are rich and varied shapes and patterns, as well as different artistic styles in different historical periods.

Bronze crafts in China are represented by bronzes in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, such as the so-called bronze ritual vessels-Ding. Ding is an ancient cooker, and its modeling features are composed of three parts: abdomen, feet and ears. The stomach can hold things enough to make a fire, and the ears can carry things through the fence. Ding is one of the most important bronze ritual vessels. Its practical significance is to hold or cook food, but its value is reflected in the maintenance of etiquette. Generally used for sacrificial ceremonies and banquets of the slave owners' class, it has the function of distinguishing between the superior and the inferior and is a symbol of the slave owners' ruling power. According to the literature, "Emperor Jiuding, seven governors, five doctors, three yuan scholars or one ding". (There is also an idiom "Keep your word, win the Central Plains, and have three pillars")

For example, Simuwu Fang Ding is thick and gorgeous, full of mystery and deterrence. Simuwu Fang Ding is the heaviest tripod ever unearthed, and it has a legendary experience. 1March, 939, this tripod was unearthed in the farmland of Wu Yuyao's family in Houjiazhuang Military Officer Village, Anyang, Henan. Because the tripod is too heavy and big to move, people want to saw it off and carry it out, but they saw only one foot and it kept sawing, so they buried it quietly. Later, the news leaked out, and the Japanese search failed, so they paid 700 thousand yuan for counterfeit money, and the locals cleverly sent a tripod, which was left behind.

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,1June, 946, Dading was excavated again, but it had lost an ear (later repaired) and was first deposited in Anyang county government. At the end of the same year 10, Chiang Kai-shek, then chairman of the National Government, celebrated his 60th birthday. The local garrison took Dading as a birthday present, transported it to Nanjing by special car and kept it in the preparatory office of the Central Museum. Later, the Kuomintang government wanted to transport the tripod to Taiwan Province Province, but it was too difficult and gave up the idea. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), this tripod was kept in Nanjing Museum and handed over to China History Museum on 1959. Now it has become the treasure of the town hall.

After the mid-Western Zhou Dynasty, the mysterious color of bronzes gradually faded, the style tended to be simple, and the beauty of simplicity and elegance was pursued. Such as "Meng Ding", the shape is majestic and dignified, and the decoration is simple.

After the mid-Spring and Autumn Period, bronzes gradually became the daily necessities of the ruling class. The shape of bronzes tends to be light and smart, the decorative techniques are realistic, and the decorative patterns are easy to understand. For example, the lotus crane square pot is a masterpiece in this respect. In addition, the chimes in Ceng Houyi are the most important unearthed cultural relics, with a total of 56 chimes, which are divided into upper, middle and lower floors. After testing, each chime can not only pronounce, but also emit two different sounds, and can play all kinds of modern music with pure and beautiful sound quality. This is the only super-large fixed-tone ancient musical instrument in the world at present, and it is also the oldest musical instrument preserved in the world, with 12 semitones. (Video: Zeng Houyi chimes)

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, because the ironware and lacquerware were more convenient than the bronzes, they gradually replaced the bronzes, and the bronzes developed in the direction of portable, exquisite and practical living utensils and ornamental devices, which often attracted people's attention with a high degree of unity of practicality and beauty. (Video: Bronze Craft)

Three. abstract

porcelain

Teaching purpose: Through study, let students know that China porcelain is a treasure in traditional art, which represents China's superb manufacturing level in the world porcelain making field and is one of China's great inventions. Make students understand the porcelain-making process, modeling, decoration and artistic characteristics of different kiln products in different historical periods in China, learn to watch ceramic art in the right way, and cultivate students' interest in China traditional culture.

Teaching focus:

1. The emergence and development of China porcelain, the difference between porcelain and pottery.

2. The shape, decoration, color and artistic features of porcelain. Features.

3. Product characteristics of the main famous kilns.

Teaching difficulties:

It mainly focuses on historical knowledge and historical background, in addition to a brief introduction to teaching content and teaching materials, some professional terms and related historical and cultural knowledge.

Teaching time: 1 class hour

Preparation of teaching AIDS: teaching materials, multimedia courseware and videos.

Teaching process:

First, the organization of teaching: (routine)

Two. Import:

Ask questions:

1. What is pottery? What is painted pottery?

2. What are the modeling features of ancient pottery in China?

Slide show (through ear bottle)

Question: Is this pottery? What should it be?

3. Teach a new lesson: (Show the theme)

China is the hometown of porcelain, which is the traditional arts and crafts of China and enjoys a high reputation in the world.

1. The relationship between porcelain and pottery

Ceramic technology is the general name of pottery technology and porcelain technology. There are the following differences between pottery and porcelain.

(1) The raw materials for firing are different;

(2) Different firing temperatures;

(3) The pottery is loose, has certain water absorption, and the porcelain is dense and impermeable.

2. The development of porcelain

Primitive porcelain appeared in Shang Dynasty, and the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms was an extremely important period for the development of China porcelain. After the Three Kingdoms, porcelain entered a period of brilliant development, with celadon in the south and celadon in the north. Sui and Tang Dynasties is an important growth period of China porcelain. Porcelain at this time is generally fired at high temperature, and the tire quality is hard. Porcelain is paid more and more attention in social life. In the Tang Dynasty, the word "kiln" came into being, symbolizing the increase of porcelain production. The high output and good quality of porcelain in Song Dynasty laid the foundation for the development of porcelain industry in Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the Yuan Dynasty, a large number of Chinese porcelains were sold overseas. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the heyday of China porcelain industry, and the porcelain-making technology made great progress. The exquisite glaze and bright color were outstanding achievements at that time.

3. The characteristics of China porcelain modeling and decorative arts.

From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, celadon in China gradually matured, but the porcelain in this period was related to bronzes in both shape and decoration. At this time, the modeling characteristics of porcelain were exquisite and straight, which was in line with people's aesthetic hobbies at that time.

Sui porcelain modeling has the following characteristics:

The plasticity and fire resistance of (1) matrix are enhanced, making it look delicate.

(2) Pots are generally short neck, straight mouth and round belly.

(3) The object is a small flat bottom with a pie-shaped foot at the bottom.

The common decorative patterns of porcelain in Sui Dynasty are geometric patterns, flower patterns, animal patterns and figure patterns, and the colors are also very rich. (Focus on "White Glazed Elephant Head Pot with Dragon Handle")

In the Tang Dynasty, the area for firing porcelain was expanded and the products increased. Celadon, white porcelain and tricolor represent the level of pottery making technology in Tang Dynasty. Porcelain in the Tang Dynasty was widely spread overseas as a commodity. Porcelain "has a kiln name since the Tang Dynasty", which has been used until modern times. Porcelain in the Tang Dynasty has various shapes and richer decorations. The techniques used include painting, engraving, printing and kneading, including sun, moon, flowers, trees, animals, figures and buildings. During the Five Dynasties, the porcelain-making style of the Tang Dynasty was inherited and developed, among which thick colored porcelain was the top-grade porcelain at that time. During the Five Dynasties, some important porcelain kiln systems were basically formed, such as Ding kiln, Yaozhou kiln and Cizhou kiln.

The porcelain industry in Song Dynasty was larger than that in Tang Dynasty, with many famous kilns, and its technological level surpassed that of the previous generation, reaching a new stage of prosperity. This is the key content of this lesson.

Its main symbol is the formation of a representative porcelain kiln system in China. The five famous kilns, Ru kiln, Guan kiln, Ge kiln, Jun kiln and Ding kiln, have all been affected.

"Ruyao" kiln is located in Linru, Henan Province, and belongs to Ruzhou in the Song Dynasty, so it is called Ruyao.

"Official kiln" generally refers to official kiln factory.

"Geyao" is because it is said that two brothers in Longquan, Zhejiang Province burned porcelain in the Southern Song Dynasty, each with its own characteristics. The porcelain burned by my brother is called "Ge Kiln" and the porcelain burned by my brother is called "Di Kiln".

"Jun Kiln" kiln site is located in Yuxian County, Henan Province, which belongs to Zhou Jun in ancient times, hence the name.

Dingyao kiln site is located in Quyang, Hebei Province, which belongs to Dingzhou in ancient times, so it is called Dingyao.

Song dynasty porcelain not only created many beautiful shapes, but also opened up a new realm for ceramic aesthetics in the use of glaze color.

During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chinese porcelain continued to develop. Blue-and-white porcelain began in the Yuan Dynasty and matured in the Ming Dynasty, becoming the mainstream of porcelain production in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Four. Video projection

Verb (abbreviation of verb) is the summary of this lesson.

pottery

Teaching purpose:

By appreciating ancient pottery in China, students can learn about the long history and artistic achievements of China's pottery-making technology. Learn to appreciate pottery in the right way, objectively evaluate ancient artworks, and cultivate students' interest in loving China traditional culture.

Teaching focus:

1. Modeling characteristics of pottery of different cultural types.

2. Artistic features of painted pottery patterns.

Teaching difficulties:

There are many technical terms, and at the same time, it involves the history, relevant historical knowledge and background of ancient pottery making technology in China. Besides briefly introducing the teaching content and teaching materials, there are also some technical terms and relevant historical and cultural knowledge.

Teaching time: 1 class hour

Preparation of teaching aids: teaching materials, multimedia courseware and video tapes (L50)

Teaching process:

First, the organization of teaching: (routine)

2. Introduce new courses:

The first lecture-the fourth lecture is about China's appreciation of arts and crafts.

Arts and crafts usually refer to plastic arts that beautify daily necessities and living environment. It is not only a material product, but also has different degrees of aesthetic attributes. As a material product, it reflects the material production level of a certain era and society; As a spiritual product, its visual image embodies the aesthetic fashion of a certain era.

Arts and crafts are divided into practical arts and crafts and ornamental arts and crafts. Practical arts and crafts are its mainstream. Why are practical items also handicrafts? Because people not only have to meet the needs of life, but also have beautiful appearance. When buying a watch, don't you just want to choose a watch with a good appearance and a desirable color in the same price? Everyone wants to wear comfortable and beautiful clothes and dress themselves up with beautiful clothes to show their identity, personality, cultivation and upward mental outlook. This aesthetic requirement of human beings restricts the design and production of daily necessities, which must be designed and produced according to the applicable scale and the law of beauty, so as to be practical and beautiful. Therefore, arts and crafts belong to the art category, which has its own particularity and is closely related to people's lives. It is an art to beautify daily necessities and living environment.

This unity of practicality and aesthetics is the essential feature of arts and crafts.

Most of the traditional handicrafts in China are hand-made by craftsmen of past dynasties. When we appreciate it, we should combine practical functions to appreciate the beauty of its modeling, the beauty of the rhythm of decorative patterns, the beauty of the texture of materials and the beauty of exquisite craftsmanship, and appreciate the cultural spirit and aesthetic implication of the Chinese nation through these beautiful feelings.

Today, we will appreciate pottery in traditional crafts. (Show the topic)

1. The appearance of pottery:

Ceramic technology is the general name of pottery technology and porcelain technology. Whether at home or abroad, there are pottery first, then porcelain.

Humans made pottery in the Neolithic Age, with a history of about 89,000 years. It is a great creation with epoch-making significance in the process of human evolution.

This is because, for the first time, human beings changed the shape and properties of clay with water and fire, created a new material product, and opened the first page of science and technology. Humans realize from practice that clay is plastic after adding water, and may be shaped into a certain shape. At the same time, in the long-term practice of using fire, it is inevitable that the molded clay will harden after firing, which are the preconditions for making pottery. As for how pottery was invented, there is no conclusive evidence at present. Generally speaking, it may be because the basket stained with soil formed a watertight container after burning, which was further inspired. Soon after, shaped and fired pottery began to appear. Especially with the development of human agricultural economy and settlement life, the transportation of drinking water and the storage of grain need this new container-pottery, so it appeared in large numbers and became an important feature of the Neolithic Age, opening up a new era of human life.

Pottery-making techniques include kneading method, sticking method and mud slab construction method. Later, the ceramic technology of wheel molding was invented, and the ceramic embryo was trimmed with a simple machine called a ceramic car to make a beautiful ceramic embryo.

In addition, there are also requirements for the firing temperature of pottery. The firing temperature of early pottery was relatively low, generally around 600-800℃.

2. The modelling of pottery:

The shapes of pottery can be divided into the following categories.

Air extraction device: such as "sharp bottom cyclone bottle";

Cookware: there are pots, pans, bathrooms, etc.

Drinking utensils: cups, horns, tapirs (ancient), (GUI) and so on.

Food containers: there are bowls, bowls and plates.

Containers: there are pots, jars, urns, bottles, statues, jars, altars, etc.

The essential characteristics of the unity of practicality and aesthetics of arts and crafts have been vividly reflected in ceramic art. For example, the most common pottery pots and kettles at that time, as a kind of container, have a convex shape in order to make them have as large a volume as possible. However, the use of pottery pots and bowls is not exactly the same. Pots are generally used to store and transport water, while pottery bowls are mainly used for cooking. In order to adapt to this different use requirements, pottery pots are small with shoulders and some have long necks to facilitate the transportation, storage and pouring of water; Pottery bowls have no shoulders, no neck and a big mouth, which is convenient for cooking and eating.

3. Painted pottery art:

Painted pottery is the oldest pottery in China. These painted pottery are either famous for their beautiful shapes, attractive because of their rich decorative patterns, or both beautiful shapes and decorative patterns. These pottery can let us clearly see that when making these earliest daily necessities, human beings have already created them according to the laws of beauty. At that time, when people used all kinds of decorative patterns, they had been able to skillfully use the laws of formal beauty such as repetition and diversity, truth and falsehood, rhythm and rhythm.

Painted pottery patterns in China use the simplest geometric patterns of points, lines and surfaces to represent some depicted objects, that is to say, the simplest plane patterns are used to shape or represent signals. For example, the shape of some fish is only represented by a point and two arcs in opposite directions. This simple and symbolic feature reflects that the ancestors of China were good at grasping the essence of complex things and making a high generalization, expressing the characteristics of things and their connection with the surrounding things with the simplest and clearest artistic language, thus extracting highly symbolic patterns.

China's painted pottery art does not simply imitate the natural image, but gives full play to the creator's imagination, writes meaningful shapes and makes the patterns flexible and changeable. For example, ancestors can combine birds in the sky, fish in the water and human faces to show a vivid artistic conception and a colorful artistic style.

(Introduction to Noodles Fish Pot)

Painted pottery producers attach great importance to the relationship between pattern and modeling, perspective, and strive to coordinate the modeling and composition of pattern and modeling. We should also pay attention to the different visions of painted pottery patterns from different perspectives, so as to design the parts of the patterns on the utensils. It shows the elegance of national culture very appropriately.

(Introduction to Dance Pot)

Three. The summary of this lesson.