The origin of traditional festivals or poetry creation

Spring Festival. That is, the Lunar New Year, commonly known as Chinese New Year, generally refers to New Year's Eve and the first day of the first month. But among the people, the traditional Spring Festival refers to the sacrificial ceremony from the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month or the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month to the 15th of the first lunar month in La Worship, with New Year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month as the climax. The Spring Festival has a long history, which originated from the activities of offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors in the beginning and end of the Shang Dynasty. During the Spring Festival, various activities will be held to celebrate. The main contents of these activities are offering sacrifices to gods and buddhas, paying homage to ancestors, saying goodbye to the old year and welcoming the new year, and praying for a bumper harvest. The activities are rich and colorful, with strong national characteristics. New Year's Day is also a day to pray for the new year. The ancients said that a mature millet is a "year" and a bumper harvest of grains is a "big year". In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was an annual harvest celebration. Later, New Year greetings became one of the main contents of the annual customs. Besides, the Kitchen God, Door God, God of Wealth, XiShen, Well God and other gods. Everyone enjoys human incense during the festival. People take this opportunity to thank the gods for their care in the past and pray for more blessings in the new year. New Year's Day is also a time for family reunion, family worship and ancestor worship. On New Year's Eve, the whole family get together to have a "reunion dinner". The elders give "lucky money" to the children, and the family sit around and "watch". At the turn of the New Year's Day, firecrackers exploded, and the activities to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new reached a climax. Every family burns incense to worship the heavens and the earth and ancestors, then pays tribute to the elders in turn, and then congratulates relatives and friends. After the Yuan Dynasty, we began to visit relatives and friends and exchange gifts to celebrate the New Year. New Year's Day is a festival for people to entertain and revel. After the January Festival, a variety of colorful entertainment activities were launched, such as playing with lions, dragon lanterns, yangko dancing, walking on stilts and juggling, which added a rich festive atmosphere to the Spring Festival. At this time, it happened to be around the "beginning of spring". In ancient times, a grand ceremony was held to welcome the spring, whipping cattle to welcome the spring, and praying for good weather and abundant crops. All kinds of social fire activities reached their climax again on the fifteenth day of the first month.

A poem was carved on the stone wall:

Sunrise and sunset 360, start all over again.

Vegetation is divided into four seasons, and there are twelve circles in a year.

Heaven and earth are one. "The sky is as deep as the sea,

Sticking Spring Festival couplets (20) is as heavy as a mountain "; Land god alliance "white jade is born in the soil, gold is born in the ground"; God of wealth "God of wealth in heaven, God of wealth on earth"; Jing Shenlian "The well can pass through the four seas, and the home can pass through the three rivers". The granary and the Spring Festival couplets in the granary all expressed warm congratulations and hopes, such as "the grain is abundant and the six livestock are prosperous"; The rice surface is as thick as a mountain and the oil and salt are as deep as the sea "; Cows in Nanshan are like tigers, and in Ma Rulong in Beihai, "the big sheep are flourishing year by year, and the little sheep are increasing month by month" and so on. There are also some single couplets, such as "Looking up to see happiness" in each room, "Going out to see happiness" across the door, "Prosperity is soaring to the sky" on the fire, "The courtyard is full of gold" on the tree, and "Deep-rooted foliage" on the stone mill. The couplets on the gate are the facade of a family, which are particularly exquisite, lyrical or picturesque, rich in content and witty.

Lantern Festival, the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, also known as Lantern Festival and Spring Lantern Festival, is a traditional festival of Han people. The first month is the first month of the lunar calendar. The ancients called the night "dawn" and the fifteenth day is the first full moon night in a year, so the fifteenth day of the first month is called the Lantern Festival. Also known as the first lunar month, Lantern Festival or Lantern Festival, it is the first important festival after the Spring Festival. China has a vast territory and a long history, so the customs of Lantern Festival vary from place to place, among which eating Yuanxiao, watching lanterns and dancing dragons and lions are several important folk customs.

Su Weidao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote the poem "The fifteenth night of the first month", saying, "The fire trees and silver flowers are combined, and the stars and bridges are locked. The dark dust goes with the horse and the bright moon comes. " It depicts a scene of colorful lights, bright moonlight, tourists weaving and excitement. Zack Zhang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once praised that "the door of the calyx building is full of rain and dew, and Chang 'an is peaceful. The dragon holds a thousand lights in the fire tree, and the phoenix steps on the lotus. " Describe the scene of enjoying the Lantern Festival to the fullest. Li Shangyin used the poem "The Imperial City is full of moonlight lights, and the treasures of horses and chariots overflow the thoroughfare" to describe the grand scale of watching the lights at that time.

February 2nd, a traditional folk festival. Popular in ethnic areas. There are many customs and activities in this festival, which are also called Flower Festival, Youth Walking Festival, Lai Picking Festival, Spring Dragon Festival, Qinglong Festival and Dragon Head-up Day. Because the time is on the second day of the second lunar month, it is called. At that time and later, people asked each other about their heritage with knives and rulers, welcomed wealth with 100 grains, melon seeds and fruits, and had activities such as picking vegetables, hiking and welcoming wealth. Chronicle of Ji Li written by Yuan Fei: After the Ming Dynasty, there were many customs about dragons raising their heads on February 2nd, such as scattering ashes to attract dragons, helping dragons, smoking insects to avoid scorpions, shaving faucets and avoiding acupuncture longan, so it was called Dragon Raising Day. This custom was recorded in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi's poem "February 2" said: "On February 2, the new rain is dark, and the grass-toothed vegetables are born for a while. The light shirt is ok, Ma Qing is young, and the cross is full of words. " At that time and later, people asked each other about their heritage with knives and rulers, welcomed wealth with 100 grains, melon seeds and fruits, and had activities such as picking vegetables, hiking and welcoming wealth. Yuan Fei wrote A Year's Life in China: "On February 2nd, people from Renjun County visited and enjoyed the scattered suburbs. ..... ",and wang hao," widely fragrant? Pu Songling quoted Mo Han Ji: "February 2nd is the Flower Lang Festival in Luo Yang, which is also a vegetable picking festival for ordinary people to play. "After the Ming Dynasty, on February 2nd, there were many customs about dragons looking up, such as scattering ashes to recruit dragons, helping dragons, smoking insects to avoid scorpions, shaving faucets, avoiding acupuncture longan, etc., so it was called Dragon Looking Up Day. Qing Xianfeng's "Wuding County Records": ... February 2 is the Spring Dragon Festival, and kitchen ashes are used to surround the house like dragons and snakes, which is called lucky dragons, making money into treasures. "In addition, there are activities to save the customs, such as rushing to work, trial farming, frying scorpion beans, wearing grass, offering sacrifices to the dragon king, respecting the land, respecting food, marrying a woman to live in the spring, and writing by the boy. Buyi people will hold a three-day festival on February 2nd to worship the land gods.

Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the twenty-four solar terms in the lunar calendar, which is between mid-spring and late spring, that is, from winter to the future 108 days. Tomb-Sweeping Day started in the Zhou Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,500 years. "Almanac": "On the fifteenth day after the vernal equinox, the bucket refers to Ding, which is used for Qingming, when everything is clean and bright, and when it is covered, everything is clean and bright, hence the name." As soon as Qingming comes, the temperature rises, which is a good time for spring ploughing and sowing, so there is a saying that "before and after Qingming, we plant melons and beans". Tomb-Sweeping Day is a festival to worship ancestors, and the traditional activity is to sweep graves. On May 20, 2006, this folk festival was approved to be included in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage list.

Tomb-Sweeping Day's famous poems

Tomb-Sweeping Day (Tang Dynasty) Du Mu

A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.

Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy just laughed and didn't answer Xingshan Village.

On the way to cold food (Tang Dynasty) Song Wenzhi

It's already on the way to late spring when I meet cold food immediately.

Poor Jiang, I can't see Luo Qiao people.

The Arctic cherishes the sage, and Nanwa is the vassal.

In the old garden, wicker is new day and night.

Cold food (Tang) Hanyi

In late spring, Chang 'an city is full of songs and dances, and countless flowers fall. The east wind of the Cold Food Festival blows on the willow trees in the royal garden.

As night fell, the palace was busy lighting candles, and smoke drifted to the house of the prince and the marquis.

Dragon Boat Festival is the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, also called Duanyang Festival, Noon Festival and May Festival. Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival in memory of Qu Yuan. There are also customs of eating zongzi, dragon boat racing, hanging calamus, wormwood, wormwood leaves, smoked atractylodes rhizome, angelica dahurica and drinking realgar wine. "Dragon Boat Festival" is one of the legal holidays and is listed in the intangible cultural heritage list. Dragon Boat Festival (or Double Five Festival in English) The meeting of UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage held in Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, on September 30, 2009 decided that Dragon Boat Festival was successfully selected into the List of World Intangible Cultural Heritage Representatives. Dragon Boat Festival (English, Dragon Boat Festival or Double Five Festival) is also called Duanyang Festival, which falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year. In Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou and Sichuan, the Dragon Boat Festival is divided into big Dragon Boat Festival and small Dragon Boat Festival. Dragon's Dragon Boat Festival is on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, and the Dragon Boat Festival is on the fifteenth of the fifth lunar month.

Today, Dragon Boat Festival is a very popular grand festival. Attach great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, this folk custom was approved to be included in the first list of intangible cultural heritage.

May 5 (Yao Chen, Song Mei)

Qu Shi has sunk to death, and the Chu people can't bear it.

Why not slander, but want to be a dragon?

Hate before death, not after death.

Yuan Xiang Bi Tan Shui wants to see the striker.

Dragon Boat Festival (Tang Wenxiu)

The festival is divided into Dragon Boat Festival, which is widely rumored to be Qu Yuan throughout the ages.

I can laugh at the emptiness of the Chu River, but I can't wash it straight.

In China, Valentine's Day, the seventh day of the seventh lunar month is a traditional holiday in China. Because the main participants in this day's activities are girls, the content of the festival activities is mainly begging skills, so people call this day "begging skills festival" or "daughter's day" or "daughter's day". Tanabata is the most romantic festival in traditional festivals and the most important day for girls in the past. On this evening, women put on needles to pray for Fu Lushou. On the seventh day, the ceremony was pious and grand, filled with flowers, fruits and needles, and all kinds of furniture and utensils were exquisite and small, which made people fondle. On May 20th, 2006, China Valentine's Day was listed in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage. Now it is also considered as "Valentine's Day".

Tiaotiao Altair (Liang) Xiao Tong

Distant Altair, Jiao Jiao Hehan girl.

Skillful hands, make a loom.

There is no chapter all day, and tears are pouring down.

The river is clear and shallow, and there are many differences.

Between water and water, there are no words.

Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festival, which falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month every year. August is the second month of autumn, which was called Mid-Autumn Festival in ancient times. Because it is in the middle of autumn and August, it is called Mid-Autumn Festival, also called Autumn Festival, August Festival, August Half Day, Moon Festival, and because the moon is full on this day, it symbolizes reunion, so it is also called Reunion Festival.

The word "Mid-Autumn Festival" first appeared in Zhou Li. According to the ancient calendar, there are four seasons in a year, and each season has three months, which are called Meng Yue, Mid-month and Quarter-month, so the second month of autumn is called Mid-Autumn Festival, because it falls on August 15 of the lunar calendar, so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival". It was not until the early years of the Tang Dynasty that the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty (Volume XV) and Records of Rites and Music contain "Spring and Autumn Period in Wang Wenxuan and Wang Wucheng", and "In the 19th year of Kaiyuan, Taigong Fu Shang Temple was established, with Sean in Liu Hou as its partner. In the Mid-Spring and Mid-Autumn Festival, there are sacrifices, and the system of sacrificial music is like a text. " According to historical records, the festival that the ancient emperors sacrificed to the moon was the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which happened to be half that of Sanqiu, hence the name "Mid-Autumn Festival". Because this festival is in August in autumn, it is also called Autumn Festival, August Festival, August Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. There are also beliefs and related custom activities that pray for reunion, so they are also called "Reunion Festival" and "Daughter's Day". Because the main activities of Mid-Autumn Festival are all around the moon, it is also commonly known as "Moon Festival", "Moon Festival" and "Moon Worship Festival". In the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was also called "correcting the moon". The prevalence of Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Song Dynasty, and it became one of the major festivals in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, just like New Year's Day. About the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival, there are roughly three kinds: it originated from the worship of the moon in ancient times, the custom of singing and dancing under the moon to find a spouse, and the custom of paying homage to the land god in ancient autumn.

Wang Jian's Looking at the Moon at Fifteen Nights (Tang)

There are crows in Bai Shu and osmanthus in Coody Leng in the atrium.

I don't know who Qiu Si will meet tonight.

Mid-Autumn Festival (Tang) Lipu

When the mirror rose into the sky, there was silence among the clouds.

A round of average points full, accompanied by Wan Liyun.

A sly rabbit fell off the string, and a demon frog rested in front of him.

Lingcha plans to go hand in hand until the Milky Way is completely clear.

The Double Ninth Festival on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month is a traditional Double Ninth Festival, also known as the "Old People's Day". Because the Book of Changes defines "six" as the yin number and "nine" as the yang number, on September 9, the sun and the moon are combined with yang, and 29 is the most important, so it is called Chongyang, also known as Jiujiu. The Double Ninth Festival was formed as early as the Warring States Period. In the Tang Dynasty, the Double Ninth Festival was officially designated as a folk festival, which has been inherited ever since. The Double Ninth Festival on March 3, also known as "stepping in autumn" and "stepping in spring", is a family matter. On this day, all relatives of the Double Ninth Festival will climb the mountain together to "avoid disaster", insert dogwood and enjoy chrysanthemums. Since the Double Ninth Festival in Wei and Jin Dynasties, the atmosphere has become increasingly strong, which is one of the traditional festivals sung by scholars in past dynasties. The Double Ninth Festival and the three festivals of "the first day", "the Qing Dynasty" and "Chongqing" are also the four major festivals for ancestor worship in Chinese traditional festivals.

The origin of Chongyang can be traced back to before the pre-Qin period. "Lu Chunqiu Qiu Ji Ji" says: "In September, the family was ordered to slaughter, and the fields were prepared for harvest, and five important things were listed. The Tibetan emperor's book is collected in the holy warehouse, and I only respect it. " "It's the day, Great Emperor. I'll taste the sacrifice and tell the son of heaven." It can be seen that at that time, when the crops were harvested in autumn and September, there were activities of offering sacrifices to the emperor and ancestors to thank them for their kindness. Jia, the imperial secretary in Xijing Miscellanies of the Han Dynasty, said: "On September 9, Pei Yun ate the bait and drank chrysanthemum wine, and the clouds made people live longer." According to legend, since then, there has been the custom of seeking longevity on the Double Ninth Festival. This is influenced by the ancient wizards (later Taoist priests) who pursued immortality and collected drugs to take. At the same time, there are also large-scale banquet activities, which developed from the Qingfeng banquet in the pre-Qin period. The Chronicle of Jingchu Age said: "On September 9th, four people got together for a picnic." Duke Du of Sui wrote: "I don't know when the banquet on September 9 started, and it hasn't changed since I was stationed in the Song Dynasty." Longevity and feast form the basis of the Double Ninth Festival. The poem "Tucun Village in Yangfu Mountain and the Banquet for the Elderly" wrote: "Jiujiang Village has lunch, chrysanthemums are served, and birthdays are celebrated. Next year will be healthier than this year, * * * save youth. " The activities such as banquets for the elderly, drinking chrysanthemum wine and wishing health were described.

On Zhang (Meng Haoran) in Autumn Country-specific Mountains

Facing the white Yun Qi Fu Feifei on the mountain ridge, I can enjoy myself as a hermit. Now, when I climb this mountain to see you, my heart flies high with the geese.

Sadness is often the mood of dusk, and the mood is often the atmosphere of autumn. Tourists come to the village on the mountain, walk across the beach, sit at the ferry and have a rest.

The forest in the distance is like a shepherd's purse, overlooking the river bank like a crescent moon. I hope you will pick me up, bring a basket of wine and get drunk on the Double Ninth Festival.

Passing the village for the aged (Meng Haoran)

This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm. Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.

Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops. Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.