How to explain classical Chinese reading?

1. Five classical Chinese articles about reading, translated from Wang Mian, Zhuji people.

When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered Niu to go to school and sneak into the school to listen to the students' endorsements; Listen to yourself and learn from your memory. At dusk, I forgot my cow, and my father angered me.

As good as ever. Mother said, "My son is so stupid that he doesn't listen to anything?" Because the crown is gone, I live by the monk temple.

At night, I dive out and sit on the Buddha's lap. I will read with an ever-burning lamp. The Buddha statue is full of clay figures, with hideous faces and children, so I don't know.

Wang Mian is from Zhuji County. When he was seven or eight years old, his father told him to herd cattle on the ridge, and he sneaked into the school to listen to the students.

After listening, I always remember it silently. When he came home at night, he forgot all the cows he was grazing.

Wang Mian's father was furious and gave Wang Mian a good beating. After that, he was still like this.

His mother said, "The child is so obsessed with reading, why not let him?" From then on, Wang Mian left home and stayed in a temple. At night, he sneaked out and sat on the Buddha's lap, holding a book in his hand. By the light of the ever-burning lamp in front of the Buddha, the sound of reading was read until dawn.

Most of the Buddha statues are clay sculptures, all of which are ferocious and frightening. Child as Wang Mian is, he looks safe. My brother Mo sent the first book in wei county, but he didn't seem to read it. It's the most useless thing.

My eyes are gone, my heart is anxious, my heart is running out, and my contacts are at a loss. If I look at the beauty in the field, it will pass at a glance. What does this have to do with me? Who has seen Song Cheng more than Confucius since ancient times? I don't know how many times I have read the Book of Changes to Bian Wei. The more I talk, the more I explore and the more I study, the less I know where I am poor. Even if Confucius didn't learn the truth, he could practice the sage's way calmly, and he wouldn't stop studying human affairs diligently.

Dongpo doesn't have to study twice, but he reads "Epang Palace Fu" to four drums in Hanlin. Old officials have a hard history, and Poe is tireless. How can you learn by heart just because you can understand it after reading it once, and then leave the book behind and end your study hastily! Only Yu Shinan, Zhang Suiyang and Zhang have read books all their lives and never read them twice, but they have never written a good article.

Besides, you can recite it by looking at it. What's the harm in memorizing it? That is to say, in 130 historical records, Biography of Xiang Yu is the most important, and in Biography of Xiang Yu, the battle of the stag, the banquet of the Hongmen and the meeting of Gaixia are the most important.

Repeated reading is worthy of joy, and only these fragments are worth crying. If you read a Historical Records and remember every word, you are not an unreasonable fool! There are even novelists' words, all kinds of legendary evil songs and doggerel are unforgettable, such as the broken kitchen cabinet, which contains smelly oil and rotten sauce, which is filthy! Reading regards reciting after reading it once as a worthy ability, which is actually the most useless.

The eyes can see clearly, but the heart rushes by. In fact, there are not many people left in my heart, because I can't cope with frequent exchanges. It's like looking at the beauty in the ballroom at a glance. What does this have to do with me? As a person who has studied by memory since ancient times, who can compare with Confucius? Confucius broke the pimp of bamboo slips in Zhouyi several times since he studied Zhouyi. I don't know how many times he has read it, so the more he explores the subtle language and profound truth of Zhouyi, the more he understands it [1], the more he studies it deeply, and the more he goes forward, the more he doesn't know its end. Even saints who are born with knowledge and act safely will not stop studying the basic common sense of interpersonal relationships and things tirelessly.

Su Dongpo didn't have to read it twice. He read Epang Palace Fu in imperial academy until the fourth reading. The old official in charge of imperial academy thought he was studying hard, but Su Dongpo was carefree and not tired. How can you recite it just because you read it once?

Then drop the book and get this over with! Only Yu Shinan, Zhang Suiyang, Zhang, etc. I have never read it twice in my life, so I have never written a good article. What's more, you can recite it after reading it once, which will have the disadvantage of memorizing it. Just like Historical Records (130), Biography of Xiang Yu is the best, and Battle of the Julu, Hongmen Banquet and Gaixiahui in Biography of Xiang Yu are the best.

After repeated reading and watching, only these fragments are worth rejoicing and crying. If you read every article in a Historical Records and remember every word, you are not an unreasonable fool! There are also novels, various operas and limericks.

If everyone has a photographic memory, it's like a broken kitchen cabinet, full of rotten oil and sauce. This kind of vulgar taste is really unbearable. Borrowed books, saying that Huang borrowed books.

When the owner of the garden gave him a book, he told him, "You can't read a book unless you borrow it. Who can't smell the book? Seven strategies and four libraries, the book of the son of heaven, but how many scholars? How many rich people are there? No matter what other ancestors accumulated, or what future generations abandoned.

Not only books are natural, but everything in the world is natural. If it's not your wife's property, you take it away by force, but you play with it and say,' If you save it today, you can't see it tomorrow.

If the industry belongs to me, it will be high-spirited and hidden, saying it is a cloud. ""I am young and have good books, but my family is poor.

Zhang has a rich collection of books. Borrow, disagree and return to form a dream.

That's true. Therefore, it is necessary to look at it and save it.

After the general registration, the salary belongs to the book, ups and downs, covered with gray silk, and sometimes scrolls. Then he lamented that the borrower's intentions were special, and the young years were a pity. "

Now, Huang Sheng is poor, and the books he borrowed are almost the same. However, if the public book is not a stingy book like Zhang. However, if you are unlucky, you will meet Zhang Hu, and if you are lucky, you will meet it. Know the blessing and the curse, be good at reading, and reply quickly.

Say it out, make it out of books. The young man Huang Yunxiu came to borrow books.

I lent him the book and told him, "If you don't borrow it, you won't read it well. Don't people who haven't heard of books read? " Seven Outlooks and Four Kus are the emperor's collections, but how many were studied by the emperor? There are too many books, and when they are shipped, cows and horses sweat and pile up in the house. This is the library of the rich, but how many rich people read? The rest are like grandparents, sons and grandchildren, not to mention throwing them away.

Not only books are like this, but everything in the world is like this. It's not my own thing, but I don't want to borrow it. I'm sure I'm worried that people will rush over, so I touch it nervously and say,' I left it with me today, and I'll take it away tomorrow, so I can't watch it anymore.

If I have it, I must tie it up and put it on a high place, put it away and hide it, and say,' Some other time'. "I loved reading when I was a child, but my family was poor.

2. What does it mean to read small ancient prose? Reading ancient prose means that students can feel the charm of ancient prose by reading, speaking and doing it under the guidance of Chinese teachers. This way of learning ancient Chinese through reading and speaking enhances students' ability to understand ancient Chinese. This way is to promote traditional culture.

Small ancient prose is not a complete ancient prose, but also has a semi-vernacular meaning, and some idioms are interspersed in it, which is easier to understand.

Extended data:

Small ancient prose "Li Ku by the roadside"

1, classical Chinese

Wang Rong is seven years old and tries to swim with other children. Look at the roadside. There are branches everywhere in Li Shu. The children are fighting for it, but they are unwilling to move. People asked him and replied, "There are trees by the road, but there are many seeds, which will make plums bitter." Accept it and believe it.

2. vernacular

When Wang Rong was seven years old, he often played with many children and saw many plums on the roadside, which bent the branches. Many children ran to pick plums, but Wang Rong didn't. Someone asked him (why), and he said, "Trees grow on the roadside but there are many plums. It must be bitter (plum). " I won't believe it until I take it off.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Zhejiang Liang overseas Chinese school

Baidu Encyclopedia-Li Ku on the roadside

China News Network-Teachers write comments full of Chinese style: Ancient prose is not far from life.

3. The classical Chinese texts about reading are:

1. The method of reading is gradual, practice makes perfect, and careful consideration. -Southern Song Dynasty Zhu "Reading Essentials"

The way to read is to take your time and do it bit by bit. Read more books and think more when you encounter problems.

2, black hair does not know how to study hard early, white hair regrets reading late. -Don Yan Zhenqing's Persuasion Poetry

When I was young, I didn't know how to study hard. When I was old, I regretted studying too late.

3, reading a hundred times, its meaning is self-evident. -Chen Jinshou's "The Reflection of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Zhi and Wang Su Biography"

After reading it hundreds of times, the meaning of the book will naturally be understood.

4, reading thousands of books, writing like a god. -Tang Du Fu's "Twenty-two Rhymes for Wei Zuocheng"

Read more books and read them thoroughly, so that you can apply what you have learned and use them easily.

5. I hate books that are used. -Ming anonymous "augmented contribution"

I regret that I have learned too little until I really use my knowledge.

6, there are three kinds of reading, that is, the heart is there, the eyes are there, and the mouth is there. -Southern Song Dynasty Zhu Xun Xue Rules

If you want to concentrate on your studies, you must have all three.

7. Knowing is not as good as being good, and being good is not as good as being happy. -Confucius disciples in the Spring and Autumn Period and their re-dissemination of The Analects of Confucius.

People who know how to learn can't compare with those who like to learn; People who like learning can't compare with those who enjoy learning.

4. Reading method (classical Chinese) The original meaning is:

Method of reading

(Song) Zhu

Generally speaking, you must be familiar with this book before reading it, so that everything you say is in my mouth. The second is to think carefully and make it meaningful.

If you are in my heart, then you can get it. As for the doubts about the meaning of the text, there are different opinions.

Then you should be modest and quiet, and don't rush to choose between them.

Text note:

1 Reading method: selected from Reading Essentials.

Roughly: probably, most of them.

3 All: All.

4 to: use.

5 also: also.

6 don't: don't.

7: In a hurry.

The gist of ancient Chinese prose:

Usually, you should read the book carefully first, so that everything in the book is as you say. Then, I should use the method of intensive reading and think carefully, so that the meaning in the book is just like what I came up with myself, so that reading will be fruitful. If the meaning of the book is difficult, or the explanation is different, you should think calmly, don't explain it in a hurry, and decide to choose.

5. Full-text translation of Reading III in classical Chinese.

Be sure to read the original carefully before reading, so that everything comes from my mouth. After careful consideration, make its meaning come from the heart, and then you can get it. As for the doubts about the meaning of the text, if you have different opinions, you should also consider it with an open mind and don't hesitate to choose. It is particularly unreasonable to make a self-evident statement and let it mean, so as to test it. Don't wait for him to say anything, just let him outsmart himself. It is self-contradictory to cross-examine each other by public opinion and seek their reasonable protection to test their right and wrong, and it will also be pulled away from public opinion and not established. A large rate of Xu Xing stood, moving in silence, such as attacking wood, the first relaxed and then the program; If the rope is untied, if it doesn't make sense, it will be left alone, as Xu Lizhi will do. So is this reading method.

When reading a book, you must clean up several cases, put the books in order, stand up straight, read the books carefully and clearly. Every word, every word, every word, every word, every word, every word, every word, no rote memorization, just repeated recitation, naturally catchy and unforgettable. The ancients said, "Read it a thousand times and you will know its meaning." If you read well, you don't need to explain, you know what it means. I have learned three times, that is, heart, eyes and mouth. If the heart is not here, the eyes will not look at the child carefully, and the heart will not be single-minded. It will only read aloud, which will never be remembered and will not last long. Of the three, the heart is the most urgent. Since the heart is here, won't the eyes be there?

All reading should be familiar with it first, so that everything in it seems to come from my mouth. Think about it further and make its meaning seem to come from what I think in my heart, then I can learn something. As for those who have doubts about the meaning of the article, everyone's comments are confusing, so you should calm down and think carefully, and don't rush to choose. First, list one of them separately and state it, and think along the way of the article to verify the smoothness and blockage of its thinking. Then those who have no obvious meaning and reason will automatically give in before comparing with other theories. Then cross-examine and refute each other's remarks, and then seek the soundness of its truth to verify its correctness or error. What seems to be right or wrong will also be denied by the public and cannot be established. Generally speaking, stop and look at it slowly, deal with it statically and observe it dynamically. If you attack hardwood, attack its easy place first and then its key point; It's like unwinding a tangled rope. If something doesn't make sense, just leave it there for the time being and deal with it slowly. This is the way of reading.

When reading, we should first tidy up the desk for reading, make it clean and stable, put the books neatly on the desk, let the body sit up straight, face the books, read the words on the books carefully and calmly, and read the articles carefully and clearly. Every word you want to read is loud and clear. You can't mispronounce a word, read one less word, read one more word, read one word backwards, or just memorize it. Read it a few times and it will come out naturally, even if it takes a long time. The ancients said, "When a book is read many times, its meaning naturally emerges." In other words, if you read the book well, you will naturally understand its meaning without relying on others to explain it. I once said: there are three kinds of reading, called heart to heart, eye to eye and mouth to mouth. If the heart is not in the book, then the eyes will not read it carefully. Since the heart and eyes are not absorbed wholeheartedly, they just look at it casually, which is definitely unforgettable, even if they remember it, it will not last long. Of the three, the heart is the most important. The heart is here, can't the eye buckle reach it?

The original text is the one above.

Please adopt it.