Is Beijing Opera "hot" but Henan Opera? What's the difference between China's national quintessence and local operas?

Peking Opera is one of the manifestations of traditional culture in China. As a well-deserved national quintessence, it has been included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage, and it is also one of the deep impressions of foreign friends on China.

Henan Opera originated in Kaifeng City, Henan Province, and is one of the five major operas in China. Strangely, it seems to be more popular than Beijing Opera, so many people lament that Beijing Opera by countless masters is not as popular as Henan Opera.

get to the bottom/root of sth

To explore the root of a thing, we must start from the root.

Henan Opera originated in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, originated in Kaifeng, Henan Province, and was innovated on the basis of Henan Bangzi. As for the later name change, it was because Henan was simply called "Yu" after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and Henan Bangzi had a more formal name.

Henan Henan opera

As the name implies, Henan Opera refers to various operas in Henan. As a local opera in Henan, it can be said that it runs through the daily life of Henan people. Henan people have been exposed to Henan opera since childhood, and they have also learned something about Henan opera through their ears and eyes, and they have developed love and attachment from the inside out.

1994, the special program "Liyuan Spring" of Henan Satellite TV appeared on TV, and its popularity was enduring. Henan people have been exposed to it since childhood, and their love for Henan opera can be said to be unforgettable and become the cultural gene in Henan people's bones.

No matter the 80-year-old or 78-year-old man, he can hum a few songs when he has nothing to do. For them, it is not only a traditional opera art, but also a voice of hometown.

Compared with Henan Opera, Beijing Opera is much younger.

Peking Opera was formed in the Qing Dynasty. Unlike Henan, which originated in a certain area, Peking Opera has many sources. Peking Opera, formerly known as Huizhou Opera, is highly mobile. On the basis of contact and communication with other operas, it has absorbed Kunqu Opera, Luoluo Opera and other miscellaneous songs. From the 20th year of Daoguang to the 10th year of Xianfeng (1840- 1860), Peking Opera absorbed the specialties of Kunqu Opera and Peking Opera on the basis of the confluence of Huizhou Opera, Shaanxi Opera and Han Opera, and finally formed China's "National Opera".

However, maybe there are too many forks. On the contrary, Peking Opera does not have a relatively fixed audience like Henan Opera, but it seems that more people love it, but not so deeply. In some people's eyes, Beijing Opera seems to be less popular than Henan Opera.

Distribution area

Peking Opera is mainly distributed in North China, such as Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong and other places. Of course, Shanghai, Hubei and Liaoning are also important distribution areas of Peking Opera.

Beijing Opera Farewell My Concubine

Thanks to the strong support of national policies, Peking Opera has been opened in all provinces in China except Tibet and Hainan, including Taiwan Province Province. Beijing opera can be said to be oriented to all parts of the country and has a very wide audience.

As the largest local opera in China, Henan Opera is mainly distributed in the Yellow River and Huaihe River basins. Besides Henan Province, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Taiwan Province and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government also have professional Henan Opera Troupes. Although there are many distribution areas of Henan Opera, the number of opera fans is still slightly lower than that of Beijing Opera.

Difficulty comparison

Another important reason why Beijing Opera is not as popular as Henan Opera is that they are different in difficulty. The stage art of Peking Opera includes literature, performance, music, singing, facial makeup, gongs and drums, etc. It requires artists to have long-term stage practical experience, and also requires performers to express their true feelings, so as to achieve the effect of paying equal attention to sound and emotion, thus making the audience sing.

In addition, Beijing Opera has regular programs, which may make some people feel bored. But if we can't master these, we can't fully show the essence of Beijing opera, let alone present a perfect stage for the audience.

This means that Beijing opera is difficult for both children and beginners. A short period of study can't achieve much, and many people are enthusiastic for three minutes. When the pay is not proportional to the harvest, they often choose to give up halfway in front of this mountain.

On the contrary, Henan Opera is very friendly to beginners, and there are not as many forms of performance as Beijing Opera. Beginners are easy to learn, have a little talent, and with the efforts of the day after tomorrow, it makes people feel satisfied to hum a few words on weekdays, so they have the desire to learn more, so more people learn Henan Opera.

In addition, the pronunciation of Henan opera is clearer, the audience can hear it clearly, and they can have a general understanding of the drama content, so they will not be in an embarrassing situation of "fog in the clouds".

Theme "Heaven and Earth"

In addition to the difference in difficulty, there are also some differences in the selection of materials between Beijing Opera and Henan Opera. There are more than 1000 repertoires in Beijing Opera, among which more than 300 or 400 are often performed. The performance is mainly based on historical stories with high cultural content. This makes Beijing opera not only "critical" of the actors, but also "critical" of the audience.

Without certain cultural knowledge and some historical stories, the audience may be confused in front of the long-lasting Beijing opera performance. After sitting for a long time, they may not understand anything.

Although Henan Opera is also highly artistic, there are more than 1000 traditional plays, and a large part of them also come from historical novels and romances, such as Bao Gong Opera and Three Kingdoms Opera. After the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in Henan Opera. Many new plays are adapted from people's real life and reflect people's thoughts on life.

The so-called culture close to people's lives is an excellent culture that people love to see and hear. The change of Henan Opera has attracted people in the new era, and the new compilation of historical dramas has also brought a wave of "Henan Opera fever". Therefore, in recent years, Henan Opera has been loved by many audiences, giving people a feeling of fiery Henan Opera.

State Opera House

However, it is undeniable that compared with Henan Opera, Beijing Opera has a wider influence and is a well-deserved "national opera".

Judging from the representatives of both sides, even people who know nothing about Peking Opera may have heard of the name "Mei Lanfang", but if you ask a passerby casually who Chen Suzhen and Chang Xiangyu are, the other side may shake their heads in confusion. Mei Lanfang, a master of Peking Opera, is probably known to everyone, but the name Master of Henan Opera may be a little strange to most people.

In fact, the audience of Beijing Opera is not limited to China. During the period of 19 19- 1935, Master Mei Lanfang went abroad, and his wonderful overseas performances attracted many foreign audiences, which not only eliminated foreigners' prejudice against China's plays and even China people, but also promoted cultural exchanges between the East and the West.

Peking Opera once became the cultural symbol of China. After the founding of New China, the state sent Beijing Opera Troupe to perform overseas. The wonderful performance won the high honor for New China, and also brought oriental inspiration to foreign drama masters. Many foreign dramas have added elements of China.

Since then, China's plays have found their own stage overseas. Fu Jin, a doctor of literature, once said: Peking Opera is one of the important symbols of China's cultural tradition. The importance of Beijing opera can be seen.

each has his own good/strong points

Of course, this is not to say that Henan Opera is inferior to Beijing Opera, but that they have their own advantages. Henan Opera has played a great role in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. The troupe took part in a charity performance to cheer for the soldiers. Known as a model of enthusiasm for saving the country. After experiencing all kinds of ups and downs in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Henan Opera developed and prospered, and finally went to the road of internationalization.

From 65438 to 0990, Henan Opera Troupe flew to the United States, Germany, Australia, Italy, Britain and other countries to perform, and Henan Opera has since stood on the international stage. In 2009, Henan Opera became a major in universities, with more diverse communication channels and more tenacious vitality.

Inheritance and development

In fact, it doesn't matter who is more popular, Beijing Opera or Henan Opera, which is widely circulated on the Internet. Both of them are important traditional cultures and arts in China, and there is no better distinction between them. It is important to pay attention to the inheritance and development of both, and not to let these two traditional cultures gradually disappear.

Therefore, both countries and individuals should attach importance to the inheritance of China's traditional operas. Especially in today's popular pop music, we advocate "letting a hundred flowers blossom" and don't exclude any excellent culture, but we don't want to see flowers wither quietly and nobody cares.

Inheriting China's traditional drama culture requires the efforts of each of us. At the same time, in today's rapidly changing world, unchanging will only make the development of traditional Chinese opera in trouble, and the masters of traditional Chinese opera should also strive to innovate and find the theme of the new era from people's lives, so that the cause of traditional Chinese opera can continue.