The Ideological Content and Artistic Techniques of China's Traditional Cases

The ideological content of patterns depends on the economic basis of society, and also reflects the politics, economy, morality and ethics of ancient society. For example, in primitive society, the fish pattern of painted pottery of human-faced catamaran symbolizes rich life and racial reproduction. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the authority of the slave-owning class was symbolized by exaggerated eyes, huge mouths and ugly and majestic animal facial patterns. In form, it adopts the method of symmetry axis and two sides, showing majestic, steady and solemn artistic effect. During the Warring States period, bronze patterns were often combined with lively and beautiful geometric shapes and animal deformation to reflect the germination of feudal landlords' political ideals with themes such as ploughing, fighting, hunting, feasting, shooting, dancing and mulberry picking. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, a unified feudal empire was established, with realistic patterns such as ploughing, hunting, feasting, shooting, zaju, music and dancing, horses and chariots, and vivid images and gestures. Tiles, bronze mirrors, lacquerware and brocade also use auspicious words such as "longevity", "descendants of Prometheus" and "bright and happy Changle" to strengthen the expression of ideological content. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, people pursued a stable heaven in the long-term war and the pain of migration, and preached the Buddhist thought of reincarnation, which became people's spiritual pillar. Slender, handsome, gentle and quiet patterns and otherworldly Buddhist themes became the main theme of pattern styles in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. The political stability and rich material life in Sui and Tang Dynasties symbolized the warmth and happiness of the world. For example, the rolling grassland with flowers and lush foliage, the serene and tame Swiss beasts, the rare birds with flowers in their mouths, the precious flowers with various flower characteristics, and the Swiss flowers symbolizing harvest. Full of shapes, lines and colors, reflecting the prosperity in the period of peace and prosperity. Feudal lords in Song Dynasty pursued luxuriant life enjoyment, and their designs were mainly realistic and exquisite. The vigorous and rough decorative style of Mongols in Yuan Dynasty and their aesthetic hobby of using a lot of gold changed the style of soft patterns in Southern Song Dynasty. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many patterns tended to be stylized on the basis of absorbing the previous decorative traditions. In terms of ideological content, they combine social politics, ethics, values, life ideals with patterns and images to express a certain meaning, that is, the so-called pictures must be intentional and the meaning must be auspicious, which is called auspicious patterns. Auspicious patterns express their ideological content in the following ways. Symbol: According to the natural attributes of some flowers, fruits and trees, such as ecological shape, color and function. , expressing a specific ideological content, such as pomegranate fruit with many seeds, symbolizing many seeds; Peony flowers are brightly colored, symbolizing wealth; The vines of melon seeds continue to grow, blossom and bear fruit, symbolizing the reproduction of future generations; Ganoderma lucidum is a tonic, which can prolong life and symbolize longevity. Moral: Using some people's favorite myths and legends, literary allusions and other themes, including specific ideological content. For example, The Story of Hanwu recorded the myth that Dong Fangshuo ate Xiantao and the Empress Dowager lived forever, so the peach symbolizes longevity. ③ Analogy: endowing a subject with personification. For example, plum blossoms bloom the earliest in a year and are compared to the best among flowers; "Confucius' Family Language Eritrea" said that orchids were born in deep valleys and were compared to gentlemen because they were "not fragrant and not human". Table number: treat some topics as symbols representing a close-up meaning. For example, the eight patterns of "Dark Eight Immortals" are items held by the Eight Immortals, and the gourd represents the Li Tie monster of the Eight Immortals. Hemerocallis, also known as grass suitable for men's growth, expresses women's desire to have boys and is also a symbol of their mothers. ⑤ Homophones: Use homophones of subject names to spell some auspicious words. For example, bats and bergamot symbolize happiness, deer symbolizes wealth, and goldfish symbolizes gold and jade. ⑥ Words directly express meaning: such as directly using words such as "Fu", "Shou" and "Xi".