What does farming include

Question 1: What is included in agricultural production? Fisheries: natural fishing in the waters, or artificial farming valuable radical aquatic organisms in the agricultural production sector.

Cultivation: the agricultural production sector that grows crops such as rice, wheat and soybeans on arable land.

Forestry: the agricultural production sector for planting, raising, protecting and harvesting forests, as well as collecting and processing forest products.

Livestock: the sector of agricultural production in pastoral areas, where herders obtain their products by herding livestock, and in farming areas, where farmers obtain their products by raising livestock.

Question 2: What does agriculture include? 10 points Hello, Mr. Xiaohai of Accounting Academy is here to answer your question

Agriculture includes farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery.

Agriculture is the industry that produces food and industrial materials by cultivating plants and animals. Agriculture is a primary industry and the science of agriculture is agronomy. The object of agricultural labor is living plants and animals, and the products obtained are the plants and animals themselves. We use the growth and development of animals and plants and other living things, through artificial cultivation to obtain the products of the song sector, collectively referred to as agriculture. Agriculture is to support the national economic construction and development of basic products.

To living animals and plants as the main object of labor, land as the basic means of production, relying on biological growth and development to obtain animal and plant products of the social production sector. Due to the different national conditions of each country, the scope of agriculture is also different. Agriculture in a narrow sense refers only to planting or crop cultivation; in a broad sense, it includes planting, forestry, animal husbandry, by-products and fisheries. In some economically developed countries, it also includes the pre-sector, which provides the means of production for agriculture, and the post-sector, which includes the processing, storage, transportation and marketing of agricultural products. At the present stage, Chinese agriculture includes agriculture (crop cultivation, including the production of field crops and horticultural crops), forestry (cultivation and harvesting of forest trees), animal husbandry (livestock and poultry rearing), sideline industry (collection of wild plants, hunting of beasts and farmers' cottage industry production), and fishery (collection of aquatic plants and animals, fishing and aquaculture).

According to the nature and condition of productive forces, agriculture can be divided into primitive agriculture, ancient agriculture, modern agriculture and modern agriculture. Modern agriculture refers to the transformation of hand tools and animal farming tools to mechanized farming tools, from the direct experience of laborers to modern science and technology, and from self-sufficient production to commercialized production. Modern agriculture refers to socialized agriculture that makes extensive use of modern science and technology, the means of production provided by modern industry and modern production management methods. The fundamental characteristic of agriculture is that economic reproduction and natural reproduction are intertwined, subject to the growth and reproduction laws of living things and the constraints of natural conditions, with strong seasonality and territoriality; the production time is not consistent with the labor time; the production cycle is long and the turnover of capital is slow; most of the products are fresh and live, inconvenient for transportation and storage, and the value of the unit product is low. China's vast territory, from south to north across the tropical, subtropical, temperate and cold temperate zone, crop types and crop cultivation system are not the same, from three seasons a year, two seasons a year to one season a year, the inter-regional differences are very significant. According to geography, climatic conditions and cultivation system, can be divided into tropical agriculture, subtropical agriculture, temperate agriculture and cold temperate agriculture; from the southeast coast to the northwest plateau, with the changes in natural conditions and resource types, can be divided into agriculture, semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral agriculture and pastoral agriculture. Agriculture is the source of the basic means of subsistence on which human society depends, the prerequisite for the division of labor in society and for other sectors of the national economy to become independent productive sectors and the basis for further development, as well as the basis for the existence and development of all non-productive sectors. The scale and speed of development of other sectors of the national economy are subject to the level of development of agricultural productivity and agricultural labor productivity.

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Question 3: What does modern agriculture include? What is modern agriculture? So far there is no uniform definition in the academic world. But there are several standards of modern agriculture is more agreed upon: the contribution of science and technology to agriculture in more than 80%; agricultural commodity rate of an average of more than 95%; agricultural inputs accounted for the proportion of the year's total output value of at least more than 40%; agricultural labor force accounted for the proportion of the national labor force is less than 20%. In addition, some people believe that "the income from agriculture of each agricultural laborer can feed at least 10 people" should also be included in the standard.

It can be said that the agriculture of developed countries is basically modern agriculture. Over the past few decades, Western countries have gradually worked out three different models of modern agriculture according to different national conditions.

The first model: fewer people and more land, labor shortage type

The most representative country is the United States, which uses a large number of agricultural machinery to improve agricultural productivity and total output of agricultural products as the main feature. The degree of mechanization of American agriculture ranks first in the world, and it is the most typical modern large-scale agriculture in the world. The average area cultivated by each farm in the United States is nearly 4,000 acres (1 acre is equivalent to 6 acres in our country). If you leave the agricultural machinery, the United States agriculture is simply difficult to move. Widespread use of agricultural machinery, greatly improving the productivity of U.S. agriculture. In the United States, although the agricultural population has declined year by year, now only more than 600 million people in the agricultural industry (accounting for about 2% of the total population), but the 600 million people not only feed 300 million Americans, but also make the United States become the world's largest exporter of agricultural products.

Similar to the United States, Australia, a country with a highly developed livestock industry, also relies on the extensive use of agricultural machinery, and each farmer in Australia can manage an average of 100 cows or 4,000 sheep. In addition, Canada, which has the second largest land area in the world and a population of only 30 million, has followed a similar path to the United States.

The second model: high population density, shortage of arable land resources

Typical country is the Netherlands, which is to improve the yield per unit area and planting high value-added agricultural products as the main feature. The Netherlands has a land area of only more than 40,000 square kilometers, the population density of up to 400 people per square kilometer. The country's terrain is low and flat, abundant precipitation, but insufficient light, annual light time is only about 1600 hours. The Netherlands *** in order to make efficient use of limited land, adopted a series of national climatic characteristics and national conditions in line with the agricultural development strategies and policies: avoid the need for a large number of light and low sales price of cereal crops production, make full use of the advantages of flat terrain, pasture resources, and vigorously develop animal husbandry and high-value-added horticulture, the establishment of 10,000 hectares by the computer automatic control of modern greenhouses. This 60 years ago also for the problem of food and clothing worry small countries, has become the world's third largest exporter of agricultural products, vegetable exports ranked first in the world, flowers accounted for 60% of the global market. From the experience of the Netherlands, the basic features of this modern agriculture are: efficient land use, good ecological environment, strong technical support, developed circulation system, sound organizational system, perfect policy system, the main body of high quality, product advantages, operating income, high yield of agricultural products, high-quality, high-value-added products, with international competitiveness.

In addition to the Netherlands, it is worth mentioning Israel. Israel is located in the Middle East, both the lack of water and less soil, so it is more than any other country to pay attention to the efficient use of land and fresh water. Israel's water-saving agricultural technology ranks first in the world, an average of two or three kilograms of food per cubic meter of water, is two or three times our country, water and fertilizer utilization rate of 80% to 90%. Now Israel has not only changed the situation of vegetables and fruits that have long relied on imports, but also a large number of exports. Experts say that if the land productivity according to Israel, the earth can feed 10 billion more people.

The third model: land, labor moderate type

A more typical country is France. Over the years, in order to develop modern agriculture, France has implemented the practice of "one plus and one minus": "one plus" refers to the fact that in order to prevent land fragmentation, the state stipulates that a farmer's land is allowed to be inherited by only one of his children; "one minus" refers to the diversion of land and labor. The "one reduction" refers to the diversion of farmers, stipulating that farmers over 55 years of age must retire and receive a one-time "life-long subsidy for leaving the farm" from the State, supplemented by the encouragement of rural youth to work in factories to reduce the number of farmers. In addition to this, France has also implemented a policy of "supporting agriculture through work"; over the past few decades, France has continued to grant agricultural loans and subsidies, and the State has also paid for the training of farmers. At present, France's agricultural production and agricultural output value are ranked first in Europe, is the world's second largest agricultural products after the United States and the world's first largest exporter of processed agricultural products.

Modern agriculture is a kind of "big agriculture". It not only includes traditional agriculture planting, forestry, animal husbandry and aquaculture, but also includes pre-production of agricultural machinery, pesticides, ...... >>

Question 4: What is the planting system? What does the content include? A region or production unit crop cultivation structure, configuration, ripening system and planting mode of the overall. Crop structure, ripening and configuration of the crop is widely known as crop layout, is the basis of the planting system, which determines the type of crop planting, proportion, an area or field arrangements, the number of planting in a year and the order of precedence. Cropping methods include crop rotation, continuous crop, intercropping, set crop, mixed crop and monoculture.

Planting system

The number of planting namely replanting and recreation, crop planting methods namely intercropping, set seeding and monocropping, continuous cropping, crop rotation, etc.. The technical measures matching the crops are the basis and guarantee of the crop planting system, including farmland infrastructure, soil fertilization system, irrigation water management system, soil tillage system, pest and weed control system, as well as the agricultural service system, etc. The establishment of the farming system depends on the natural resources. The establishment of the farming system depends on natural resources, socio-economic conditions, and the level of science and technology. The farming system evolves gradually with the improvement of socio-economic and scientific and technological levels. From rough to intensive, from the abandonment system to the leisure system to the crop rotation system, the productivity gradually increases. Directly under the city; northern winter wheat, corn and other two-maturing system, mainly distributed in the Huanghuaihai region; Northeast, Northwest, Inner Mongolia, mostly corn, wheat, rice and other one-year maturing system; recreational farming refers to, mainly distributed in the semi-arid areas with precipitation of 300 mm -500 mm, planting 3-5 years after the leisure 1-2 years to achieve the purpose of cultivating fertilizer to keep the storage of moisture. A rational farming system can promote the development of agricultural production.

Question 5: What is included in the agricultural industry According to the classification of production objects are usually divided into: planting, animal husbandry, forestry, fisheries, secondary industry;

According to the number of inputs categorized as rough and intensive agriculture; according to the use of the product is categorized as subsistence agriculture and commodity agriculture.

According to the nature and condition of the productive forces, agriculture can be divided into primitive agriculture, ancient agriculture, modern agriculture and modern agriculture

Question 6: What accounting accounts are required for planting? See >

Question 7: What is included in the standardized planting techniques for crops? Seed selection - land preparation and fertilization - sowing - watering, fertilizer, pest management - harvesting --Storage

Question 8: What are the specific contents of agricultural planning? Agricultural planning is a comprehensive, long-term agricultural plans and deployments, according to the country and the region in a certain period of time the needs of national economic development, taking full account of the existing production base and natural, economic, technical conditions and further use of the potential for transformation and the possibility of formulating a certain number of years, based on the scientific concept of agricultural development, outline indicators, investment arrangements and the main implementation measures. Agricultural planning content mainly includes:

1, the analysis and evaluation of agricultural production conditions and production potential and forecast prospects;

2, the direction of agricultural development, strategic objectives, strategic priorities, regional layout;

3, the structure of the agricultural sector, scale, speed and level;

4, agricultural capital investment and strategic measures and steps.

Roughly the above, Vision Design Institute twenty years of experience in agricultural planning accumulation, Yongan Town Pingqiao village planning and design, Renshou Qingmei Development Demonstration Park, Bainiba District modern agricultural planning these are relevant cases, you can learn more about it.

Question 9: What is included in the agronomy program? When it comes to agronomy, many people immediately associate it with the countryside, farmers, and farming. This is actually a misunderstanding of the agricultural colleges and universities and agricultural majors. Let's talk about the current agricultural colleges first. First of all, nowadays agricultural colleges and universities have developed into comprehensive universities, and in addition to agricultural majors, they have also opened many other categories of majors. For example, the majors offered by China Agricultural University cover seven disciplines, including agriculture, engineering, science, economics, management, law and literature. One of the popular majors is biology and food, which is quite different from the traditional impression of agriculture, right? In fact, the biology majors in agricultural colleges not only have a long history and strong faculty, but also the competition is not so fierce, which is exactly the perfect choice for candidates who do not score well in the college entrance examination but aspire to develop in the field of biology. Secondly, after choosing to major in agronomy, you can also pursue a double degree or minor in other disciplines in college. Take China Agricultural University as an example, the school has a dual-degree and minor system, with dual-degree majors and minors such as business administration, marketing, English, etc., which allows students to study the above majors in their spare time if they have spare capacity in their major majors. Therefore, as long as the candidates have a strong interest in learning and persistent perseverance, it is entirely possible to study other majors before talking about the agronomy major. Agronomy majors mainly include Plant Production, Forest Resources, Forest Production, Animal Production, Animal Medicine and Aquaculture. From microscopic molecular and cellular studies to macroscopic agricultural industry operations, all are areas of study in the agronomy major. It also has many cross-disciplines, such as agroforestry economics, agricultural resources and environment, and agricultural building environment and energy engineering, with a wide range of choices for candidates. Nutritional health care products in daily life, such as bee products, spirulina ...... are all contributions to the field of agronomy. At the beginning of the reform and opening up, the earliest rich research workers, many are engaged in the field of agronomy research. The famous "father of hybrid rice" Mr. Yuan Longping, not only won the first "National Highest Science and Technology Award" and other numerous honors, but also because of his outstanding contribution to the history books. Finally, talk about the voluntary admission of agricultural colleges and universities.