Small lumps of flesh appear in the anus, a little painful, what can I do to get rid of them

Hemorrhoids, or hemorrhoids, is one of the most common anal diseases in clinical practice, and Thomson, an Englishman, put forward the modern concept of hemorrhoids in 1975 [1]: hemorrhoids are pathologically enlarged anal cushions at the lower end of the rectum. According to the different parts of the occurrence, hemorrhoids can be divided into internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids and mixed hemorrhoids. It is currently believed that internal hemorrhoids (Internal hemorrhoid) are pathologically altered or displaced from the supporting structures of the anal cushion (vascular cushion of the anal canal), the vascular plexus, and the anastomotic branches of the arteries and veins. External hemorrhoid (External hemorrhoid) is a pathological dilatation or thrombosis of the subcutaneous vascular plexus distal to the dentate line. Mixed hemorrhoid (Mixed hemorrhoid) is a mixture of internal and external hemorrhoids.

Invasive treatments

Transparent cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy

The treatment of hemorrhoids and mucosal prolapse is a new technique reported in 2015 as an innovation to the traditional sclerotherapy injection therapy, and it is a convenient, safe, and highly effective new minimally invasive endoscopic treatment of hemorrhoids as a new gastrointestinal endoscopist's new anorectal treatment option for anorectal pathologies such as hemorrhoids and mucosal prolapse. option.CAES is the most effective option for non-surgical treatment and is particularly suitable for patients at risk of bleeding. However, traditional sclerotherapy is performed by a physician through an anoscope, as its biggest complication is medical injury due to misplacement of the injection, which CAES helps to avoid.The core of the CAES technique lies in the use of a clear cap-assisted enteroscope, which fully exposes the anorectal lesion under insufflation, operates under parascopic conditions, and then utilizes a long needle (note not a commonly used needle) that can be protruded from the enteroscopic forceps channel aperture. Then using a long needle that can be extended from the colonoscopic clamp channel hole (Note: not the commonly used 4mm long submucosal injection needle, but at least 10mm long), enter the needle above the dentate line, inject sclerosing agent into the base of the hemorrhoids under direct visualization, back out of the needle while injecting, and recommend stopping for at least 5 seconds to pull out the needle after the end of the injection, and the injection point is generally non-bleeding, and there is no pain or discomfort after the operation. Painless colonoscopy contributes to anal relaxation. The special feature of this method is that it avoids the medical damage of traditional sclerotherapy and the entire sclerotherapy procedure is like putting a "sclerostat" in every place that needs to be treated. This new method is mainly suitable for the treatment of hemorrhoids of degree Ⅰ, degree Ⅱ, part of degree Ⅲ, rectal mucous membrane prolapse, endoscopic excision of anal redundant organisms and tuberculous lesions before the prevention of bleeding at the base of the treatment. Especially for patients with poor systemic status, combined with uncontrollable hemorrhoidal bleeding, and also not having surgical conditions, CAES highlights the advantages of low risk, convenience, and effectiveness. Complete bowel preparation and colonoscopy are suitable for the purpose of diagnostic colonoscopy, intestinal polypectomy, and CAES all together.CAES addresses not only the control of hemorrhoidal bleeding, but also, more importantly, the achievement of anal cushion upstaging at a later stage. If there are prepared organizations, colonoscopy based on the implementation of CAES and related enteroscopic diagnosis and treatment, the patient's medical expenses will be significantly saved.