What types of pitched roofs are commonly used? What kind of practices are there?

Commonly used sloped roofs are: single-slope, double-slope, four-slope, and save the tip type;

Separate practices are as follows:

Knowledge extension about sloped roofs:

Introduction:

Sloped roofs, also known as sloped roofs, are roofs whose drainage slopes are generally greater than 3%. roofs that are generally greater than 3%. Sloped roofs are widely used in construction, mainly single-slope, double-slope, four-slope and folded-waisted, etc.

Sloped roofs are also called pitched roofs.

The double-slope and four-slope type is used more. Double-slope roof at the end of the roof pick in the wall outside the so-called hanging mountain; mountain wall and roof flat so-called hard mountain. The traditional Chinese four-slope roof is called hipped at the four corners; the main ridge is extended, and the two sides of the roof form two mountain flower faces, which is called hiatus. Tile lines converge at one point in the form of sloping roof for the save pointed roof, often arranged at this point of the roof of the treasure.

Supporting structure:

Supporting structure of the sloping roof of the commonly used types:

(1) wall bearing

Room opening is not large building, the use of masonry into a mountain tip-shaped bearing wall purlins on the shelves, known as "wall bearing" or "hard hill shelf". Or "hard mountain purlin". The purlins are arranged at equal distance from each other, and there are wood purlins, steel purlins and prefabricated reinforced concrete purlins. The section size of purlin should be decided according to the material, span, spacing and load calculation, and the span of wood purlin is generally not more than 4 meters. Purlins can be directly laid on the thickness of 15 to 25 millimeters of wood, known as the "lookout board"; can also be put on the purlin rafters, and then laid on the lookout board.

(2) roof rack bearing

Room opening is large, can not use the building wall bearing, must set up the roof rack to support purlins. Roof rack consists of rods, for the plane structure, can be made of wood, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete or steel, can also be used in combination of two or more materials. There are triangular, arched, polygonal roof racks, etc., with triangular as the most common. The spacing of the roof rack is generally the same as the size of the house opening, usually 3 to 4.5 meters.

(3) rafter frame load-bearing

with dense rows of herringbone rafters made of brackets, supporting the longitudinal load-bearing wall, the top of the wood lookout boards or direct nails hanging tile. The general spacing of the rafters for 40 ~ 120 cm, rafters of the herringbone rafters must have a transverse rod between the rafters.

(4) roof panel load-bearing

Large roof panels made of reinforced concrete or other materials are placed directly on the load-bearing walls or roof frames.

Roofing materials: There are many types of roofing materials, the choice should be based on the form of supporting structure, roof slope, building appearance, durability, fire resistance, waterproofing, self-weight, construction requirements, cost and other comprehensive consideration.

Structural requirements: The structure of the roof must be strong and durable, waterproof, fireproof, heat preservation, thermal insulation, corrosion resistance, light weight, simple structure, easy construction.