How to Infiltrate Traditional Virtue Education in Chinese Teaching

The education of students' emotions, attitudes and values is actually moral education. It is a serious task for every adult in today's society to establish the idea of putting moral education first, pay attention to the physical and mental health of minors and strengthen the ideological and moral construction of teenagers. "For the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the development of every student" is the core concept of education put forward by the new curriculum, moral education is the primary task of the school, and every teacher shoulders the sacred mission of "teaching and educating people". Chinese is the most humanistic subject, and the conditions of Chinese moral education are unique, which is the best carrier of moral education. Compared with other subjects, Chinese teaching is more convenient to penetrate ideological and moral education. Chinese has an extremely distinctive national color and contains profound national feelings; Chinese characters are the most unique and beautiful characters. In a sense, each Chinese character embodies thousands of years of traditional Chinese culture. The articles in Chinese textbooks are carefully selected by experts, and the quality is beautiful, which can be said to be a model of various styles. Each article has a rich cultural background, the author's life, the background of writing, the people and things involved in the article, the thoughts and feelings contained in the article, the author's thoughts and opinions, etc. It provides a broad development space for ideological and moral education. In teaching, we must pay attention to students' knowledge and ability, process and method, cultivate students' healthy emotional attitude and correct values, and truly combine teaching with educating people. Therefore, we must try our best to explore the moral education factors in Great Chinese, penetrate into all aspects of teaching, give full play to the edifying and infecting functions of Chinese, cultivate students' sound personality and noble sentiments, and let students receive ideological and moral education imperceptibly while acquiring knowledge, improve their moral quality and learn to be a man. Then, how to carry out ideological and moral education in Chinese teaching? The following are some of my experiences in education and teaching for many years, which are sorted out and discussed with you.

One is to infiltrate in various ways, sneak into the night with the wind, and moisten things silently.

After all, Chinese class is not an ideological and moral class. It is best to implement moral education in Chinese teaching in a "infiltration" way, and organically combine Chinese teaching with moral education, so that the infiltration of moral education will be like spring breeze and rain, so that students will be influenced unconsciously and receive good educational results.

1, the best breakthrough point is to carefully design the breakthrough point and choose the breakthrough point. The specific methods mainly include the following aspects: (1) Pre-class is influenced by proactive inhibition. There are many starting points in a class, but we can't ignore them before class. The beginning of a class is like the prologue of a drama. Although it is only a few minutes, it is related to the harmony and success of the whole class. A wonderful beginning, like an invisible "magnet", can attract students' attention and arouse their emotions at once, which is the entrance to form a good classroom atmosphere. To this end, I changed the past after Kan Kan took office.

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Sing a monologue and take part in activities with students. As soon as the class begins, you can read them some short, concise and philosophical stories and let them talk about their gains and feelings after listening, which not only cultivates their listening and speaking ability, but also provides an opportunity for ideological and moral education. For example, I have read dozens of short stories, such as Success: Doing Simple Things Again, The Storm is a Sieve, and Three Sentences on the Road.

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Yes, they are also required to present their well-prepared masterpieces, inspirational epigrams, beautiful stories and news, masterpieces that are appreciated and used for reference, catchy classical poems, easy-to-learn and easy-to-remember two-part allegorical sayings and so on. By reading aloud, reciting, speaking, answering first, sketch performance, music recitation and other vivid and diverse forms. Many excellent performances won warm applause and left an unforgettable impression on everyone. Teachers lost no time to give affirmation, encouragement and praise in time, which stimulated students' interest, cultivated students' various abilities and improved their aesthetic taste. (2) Grasp the emotional highlights in the text. For example, when I was talking about the article "Back", when I read the last paragraph, I read the contents of my father's letter in a desolate and slow tone: "My body is safe, but my arm hurts badly, so it is not convenient to carry a pen. Not far away. " Read the author's feelings in a deep and sad tone: "I read here, and in the crystal tears, I saw the fat back, blue cotton gown and black cloth coat." Alas! I don't know when I can see him again! "... after a moment of silence, I changed the subject:" What father doesn't love his children? What child doesn't love his father? Our parents will get old one day, so we should

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Good for parents? "This is to create a scene according to the text, so that students can connect their parents with the content of the text, cherish their affection from the heart and honor their parents. And strike while the iron is hot, so that students can read and accumulate lyrics, famous sayings, epigrams, poems and articles about their fathers after class. On this basis, they can complete a research-oriented student report "Father in My Eyes" and exchange their research results in reading class. (3) Capture the true feelings and enlighten the mind. I often use my personal experience to convince students and infect them with my true feelings. In a composition review, I read an exercise "My Father" more than ten years ago, which described my father's bumpy experience of hard work and self-improvement after several hardships and its great influence on me. I remember writing it in tears at that time, but now I can't help crying after reading it again. The students are infected. There was silence in the classroom when I read it, but after listening, the applause thundered. After class, some students wrote exercises such as "The Truth of that Moment" and "The teacher also shed tears", which deepened the emotional communication between teachers and students and left unforgettable memories.

2. Chat in class. Moral education was originally a very serious topic. Because of this, moral education is often a boring sermon, which is difficult for students to accept. In class, if we talk about moral education by chatting, there are several conveniences: First, let Chinese teaching go.

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Transition is more natural; Second, it is conducive to creating a friendly, relaxed and easy-going classroom atmosphere, in which it is easier to arouse students' interest and enthusiasm; Thirdly, through the interaction between teachers and students, the content of moral education can be more deeply rooted in people's hearts. If once students are asked to talk about their mothers after learning pronunciation, many students will

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When my mother is nagging, I will give you timely guidance. Only the closest people love to nag. You should understand the pains of parents and teachers. Since then, many students can treat "nagging" correctly.

3. Classic words. Take advantage of various opportunities and occasions to provide students with some easy-to-remember words and encourage them to make positive progress. For example, "read thousands of books, take Wan Li Road and write a thousand words"; "Be upright, be practical, write carefully and work hard"; "Speak boldly, listen carefully and remember comprehensively"; "Look around, listen around and write your heart"; "Happy learning, continuous progress" and so on. Let students choose their favorite sentence as their motto, write it on their business cards and put it in the corner of the table every day in class, which always plays an encouraging role.

4. Homework review. Students are very concerned about the comments written by teachers, so homework comments are a good platform for moral education. Especially in the comment on writing, teachers can make some enlightening or instructive short comments according to the contents of students' compositions, so that students can benefit from them. A student wrote at the end of the article "My Grandma": "For so many years, Grandma has always loved me and loved me very much, which made me deeply feel the happiness and warmth of my family. I really want to say to grandma-grandma, I love you! " I wrote in my comments: "It is the Chinese nation to respect the old and love the young.

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. Love grandma, it is best to teach by example. Suggestion: give grandma a chance to do things. "Later, the student washed her grandmother's feet once.

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When she recalled this incident, she said that it was originally a trivial matter, but she "experienced a spiritual shock" because she saw her grandmother's tears and was shocked by how little she had done for her family.

5. The special composition is really touching. Composition teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching and the most direct and effective way to penetrate moral education. The essence of Mr. Ye Shengtao, a famous educator in China, is "the unity of teaching composition and teaching life". Life is real, so should writing. Bing Xin thinks: "Only writing articles about real things and feelings can arouse readers' resonance and admiration. "Only articles that seek truth from facts can be lively." In recent years, the topic compositions of senior high school entrance examination all over the country mostly involve ideological and moral factors, which shows that China's education departments attach importance to school moral education and also reflect the inseparable relationship between Chinese and moral education. For example, the hot topics in recent years are filial piety, honesty and trustworthiness, shame on people, unity and friendship, striving for success, gratitude, tolerance, modesty and honesty. After the topic of moral education is established, students should be guided to observe life carefully and collect composition materials. When guiding students' composition, students should consciously form the habit of "telling the truth and expressing their true feelings", and the training of composition should be closely linked with students' reality. For example, when writing characters, you should start with your mother, and then write about your father, teacher and friends. And around the recent activities in the class, comment on the common problems or favorite students in the class recently.

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The hot topic of theory is topic, and it is based on

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Text, discussion, debate, composition and other forms. For example, writing a composition on the topics of "gratitude to parents" and "filial piety to parents" will first make students recall the touching details of their parents' care, and then select the most touching examples to describe them in detail. Of course, students can also use computers and libraries to collect relevant virtue story for reference and imitation. In this way, students will get a lot of information materials from a composition and come into contact with a lot of knowledge.

6. Comprehensive learning activities. "Comprehensive learning" has been included in teaching materials, which is recognized as a highlight of Chinese curriculum reform. It is an important way to cultivate students' initiative to explore, unite and cooperate, and be brave in innovation, which is conducive to students' comprehensive improvement of Chinese literacy in the new learning mode and process of "independence, cooperation and inquiry". It is not only closely related to the reading part in content, but also an extension and expansion of the influence of reading text on students' emotional attitude and values. Infiltrating moral education in "comprehensive learning" means emphasizing participation consciousness, learning to cooperate and share in the process of activities, so that students can form a psychological tendency of questioning habits, being willing to explore and study hard in their daily study and life, stimulate positive desire for exploration and innovation, cultivate a sense of responsibility and mission to society, learn to care about the progress of the country and society, learn to think about the harmonious development of mankind and the world, and form a positive attitude towards life. For example, on the occasion of Teachers' Day, I often reflect that many teachers seldom smile, and ask students to visit teachers around them and write an investigation report entitled "The reason why teachers lack smiles". The development of this activity not only cultivates students' communication ability with others, especially teachers, but also has a better understanding of teachers, and understands that as long as students behave well, teachers' smiles will increase. In the future teaching, the cooperation between teachers and students will be more tacit.

Second, pay attention to the external factors of suggestion and edification.

Suhomlinski pointed out: "Any kind of educational phenomenon, the less children feel the intention of educators, the greater the educational effect. We regard this law as the core of educational skills and the basis for finding the road to the soul. " therefore

Infiltration in Chinese teaching

In moral education, we should not use warnings and exhortations in ideological education, but use hints, the most effective means to mobilize the unconscious. In Chinese teaching, we should use suggestive education to infiltrate ideology and morality. First of all, we should give full play to the leading role of teachers in Chinese teaching, carefully design and control all kinds of implied information, so that it can effectively serve the teaching objectives. Make students enter the teaching realm of "moistening things silently" imperceptibly in the hint. Teachers' words and deeds play an important exemplary role in Chinese moral education, which has great appeal and persuasiveness, and is most likely to inspire students to imitate. Teachers should realize the high efficiency of moral education by imparting knowledge, expressing emotions and behaviors. For example, the teacher read aloud, "think about it, the people give you a gate, and you should do everything possible to guard it!" " "In this sentence, if you know the potential and inspiration of hints, students can be infected by emotions as long as the teacher hints in a serious tone. As long as students are emphasized by the key words of "people", "giving you custody", "doing everything possible" and "looking good", they will be encouraged by righteousness. Secondly, actively construct suggestive education environment, so that students can get the information of ideological and moral education from teaching materials and teaching environment. Because of the beautiful suggestive environment, it can effectively act on students' minds. When explaining the story of Yueyang Tower, I first use the advantages of multimedia to show pictures of "the great rivers and mountains of the motherland", and enhance students' infinite love for the rivers and mountains of the motherland by browsing the pictures. Then I introduce this article, so that students can remember the central sentence of this article while enjoying the author's wonderful description of the scenery of Dongting Lake, "Worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world", and then learn from the author's "taking the world as their own responsibility". Finally, students write down their feelings about learning this lesson. The students wrote many different contents, such as motherland, I love you, studying hard can serve the country, and I am willing to take pleasure in suffering. This form encourages students to go out of themselves, cherish the world, take the benefit of the people as their own responsibility and be strong. Texts with beautiful literariness and quality are pregnant with rich educational factors, and their specific images are accepted by students. With the help of teaching materials, it is the only way to strengthen the infiltration of moral education in Chinese teaching, and great energy will erupt. In other words, teachers should accurately grasp the teaching objectives, be good at excavating the emotional factors in teaching materials, strive to create an emotional atmosphere, create a big "stove" for casting spirit and soul, and call out the contents of ideological and moral education, so as to impress students' heartstrings and "cultivate" and "cultivate" students' sentiments. For example: back, thinking of mother, deep in the alley-filial piety to parents; "Cai Mian's determination to repay the wealth of her deceased friend"-honesty and trustworthiness; Natural language-seeking innovation; Camel Treasure Hunt-Perseverance; "Peach Blossom Garden", "Humble Room Inscription" and "Love Lotus Theory"-clean and honest, lead a clean and honest life; Dai Zhen is difficult to teach-questioning your learning; "Full Moon" and "Long Songs"-determined to study hard; "Spring Hope" and "Hut Blown by Autumn Wind"-worrying about the country and the people, as well as ancient poems, folklore and idiom stories that show China's rich literary heritage, are the best moral education materials.

Third, pay attention to the internal factors of perception and experience.

Infiltration in Chinese teaching

It is not enough for moral education to rely only on the hints and edification of external conditions, but also to perceive and experience people's internal conditions. Perception is a psychological process in which an individual obtains an impression or meaning by virtue of his intuition about language and its context. It is necessary to guide students to concentrate on reading, chew the taste of language, taste feelings and be influenced by moral sentiments. In other words, activate the experience, "reading for things, reading for enlightenment." Only perception can make thinking deeper. Perception is the fusion of human hearts. In the process of reading, only when students personally feel the emotional factors in the textbook can they truly feel the prototype of life shaped by the text, catalyze their emotions and resonate with the author. Only in this way can students have a positive emotional experience, arouse the voice of * * *, and be truly influenced by moral sentiments. Therefore, teachers must: ① treat all students as subjects of perception and people with independent personality; (2) create an emotional atmosphere and provide opportunities for perception; ③ Build a bridge between students' "subjective existence" and textbooks' "objective existence", so that students and authors can express their feelings, gain life experience and enter the realm of perception. This inner feeling is an important manifestation of the infiltration of ideological and moral education. In particular, the experience experienced by learners themselves is irreplaceable by others. Through experience, it can help students to establish a good emotional reflection model, catalyze emotions and generate ideology and morality. Therefore, teachers should, according to the characteristics of the text, through a series of Chinese training such as reading, analyzing and writing, catalyze emotion, stimulate the internal factors in emotion and experience, and integrate ideological and moral education into normal teaching. For example, first tell freshmen the Analects of Confucius, let them feel the charm of ancient culture, master the learning attitude and methods in the text, then learn Bing Xin's Reading, and then guide students to read related articles in the reader, including My Longevity, Habit Becomes Nature, Interesting Reading, American Reading Attitude, Four Seasons Reading and so on. I sorted out my reading catalogue, made a new reading plan, and made students realize the importance of reading, and made oral communication and composition on the topic of "My Reading Experience", realizing that learning is a process of taking pains and having fun, and finally reaching the understanding that knowledge can change their destiny. Adolescence is the golden age of reading. Some students have written essays, such as Book, My Companion, Book, My Mentor and Friend, and Book, the Source of My Life. Talk about "

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The argumentative article "backbone", I also noticed the infiltration of moral education in teaching. Let's play the recording first, and students will be infected by this powerful rhythm in the process of listening to the recording. After listening to the recording, guide students to find out the argument of this article-we China people have backbone, and find out the argument: Wen Yiduo shyly opened the pistol of the Kuomintang, Wen Tianxiang refused to reduce the yuan, and the hungry people did not eat the food. Then ask the students to retell the specific contents of the three arguments. In the process of reading and speaking, students once again realized Wen Yiduo's mighty and unyielding image, Wen Tianxiang's unyielding quality of wealth, and his poor and humble character of being hungry for food. Finally, let the students write down their thoughts on reading. Some wrote: I love my motherland with the spirit of Wen Tianxiang, some wrote: Money is not enough, some wrote: I am hungry, I want to rely on my hands ... excellent works, gripping and touching, which makes students' understanding of the excellent qualities shown in this article rise from perceptual knowledge to highly rational knowledge. For another example, in Shang's class, I introduced this article with a well-known phrase "Jiang Lang's talent is exhausted". First, I read the text as a model, then the students initially perceive the content of the article with reference to notes and reference books, and then skip the key sentences such as "referring to things as poetry", "Don't let students learn" and "Disappear everyone" to experience the transformation process of Zhong Yong from a child prodigy to an ordinary person. On this basis, I guide students to think about the following questions: 1. Why does this article describe in detail what can only happen in Zhong Yong? 2. What is the function of "long-heard" in the text? 3. What inspiration did you get from Zhong Yong? During the discussion, students have a deeper understanding of the changes in Zhong Yong, and come to the conclusion that "genius is 1% inspiration and 99% blood and sweat". I also guide students to reflect on their actual situation in time. My classmates wrote that cleverness+hard work = success, stupidity+diligence = success. I have tried and don't regret it. Hard work is a panacea for achieving goals. Discussion unifies understanding, practice improves consciousness, and students' motivation to learn Chinese is obviously improved.

Fourth, carry out extracurricular activities from multiple angles.

1, looking for virtue in ordinary people. No matter men, women and children, rich or poor, there is always something shining on everyone. Combined with the comprehensive practical activities of interviewing people, I carried out extracurricular comprehensive practical activities such as "looking for virtue among ordinary people", "talking to parents" and "communicating with teachers". Through these activities, students can deepen their understanding of the people around them, their understanding and knowledge of life and virtue, especially in the aspects of "gratitude to society", "unity and friendship", "self-discipline" and "self-confidence and optimism".

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, the effect is more significant.

2. Classified collection of virtue aphorisms, poems and stories, and virtue story's speech. Since ancient times, there have been many aphorisms about virtue, which are concise, easy to remember and easy to recite, and have endless charm. Collecting aphorisms and reading them often is not only limited to embellishing articles in compositions, but more importantly, it is used to guide students' words and deeds, and always plays an alarming and disciplinary role. Virtue story's attraction to students is self-evident. For primary and middle school students, a vivid virtue story is more useful than a hundred abstract sermons. But the stories that teachers can tell are always limited, which requires students to collect and organize themselves. The stories collected by a student are also limited. If the whole class or even the whole school is mobilized, the effect will be extraordinary. Carrying out "virtue story Speech Contest" can best arouse students' enthusiasm. Specific practices can refer to the following steps: let students collect virtue story; Choose the excellent virtue story in the class; Select excellent speakers in the class; Players of all classes participate in the school-level "virtue story Speech Competition"; Finally, awards were presented in recognition. The influence of "virtue story Speech Contest" is also self-evident. If it can be held once every semester, it will get good results.

3, diary, do a good deed every day, keep a diary. Ask students to remember a famous saying or poem about ideological and moral education collected by themselves every day. One sentence a day, long-term persistence, naturally "accumulate goodness into virtue." Students are also required to start from themselves, start from dribs and drabs, do more good deeds, punish evil and promote good, and concentrate on good. Simply put, it is good to get rid of one of your shortcomings; It is also "good" to know how to thank and appreciate others for helping themselves; Others have done a good thing, and they know it, and they are really moved, praised and spread it. This is also "good"; It is also "good" to do your best. Helping others and caring for others is even better. No matter how big or small the "goodness" is, "Don't do it just because it is small". With this concept, students have no pressure to do it. "Do a good deed every day", it is best for students to record the famous sentences and "good deeds" they remember every day in the form of a diary, which not only facilitates inspection, reflection and communication, but also cultivates the good habits that students adhere to.

4. Implement the big reading strategy. Reading is the main and central link in teaching. Reading is divided into in-class and out-of-class reading. On the basis of guiding students to complete intensive reading in class, I save class hours and extend to extracurricular activities. Teachers should treat the choice of teaching materials dialectically, broaden their horizons and choose famous books with humanistic connotation, artistic charm and easy acceptance by students. After class, students are required to read an article and write reading notes every day. The content is mainly the accumulation of beautiful sentences, the summary of the main contents and my own gains. There is a reading exchange class once a week, and colorful reading activities such as reading knowledge contest, reading experience exchange and American literature recommendation are carried out, which greatly enriches students' reading content and stimulates students' reading interest. The new curriculum requires that the total amount of extracurricular reading in nine years should be more than 4 million words. Although extracurricular reading is independent, it should also be carried out under the guidance of teachers. I guide students to pay attention to social hotspots and read fashionable and beautiful articles, excellent newspapers and excellent works online. Sometimes extracurricular reading is considered as the comparison, expansion and extension of in-class reading. For example, when teaching Zhu De's Memories of My Mother, students should first accumulate words, famous sayings, poems and articles about writing their mothers, and communicate in class, so that they can not only guide students to learn the contents of textbooks, but also read related articles, such as "Mother is with us".

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On this basis, let the students tell their mother's story. Many students told touching stories about their mother and son, and some even cried, which provided rich materials for the composition and made it easy to write. After writing my mother, I wrote my father in the same way, and I got good results. In the future, if you encounter articles expressing maternal love, such as heartfelt words and mother's words, etc. Let students organize and accumulate, and educate them to be grateful, grateful and grateful. As the saying goes, "filial piety comes first" and "I am old"! Extracurricular reading permeates moral education, cultivates students with noble sentiments and interests, and establishes positive and healthy emotional attitudes and values. You can also break the structure of the original teaching materials, find another way, exercise and cultivate comprehensive ability. For example, I once did a comprehensive ability training on the topic of "water", which was introduced by the dialogue between fish and water to inspire students.

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The relationship between human beings and water, then ask students to say water-related words, famous sayings, poems and articles, and then ask two students to perform sketches: mother-child dialogue, other students.

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Enlighten and guide students to read the novel "The Special Functions of Female Teachers" intensively again, exchange their collected articles about writing water, and finally let them

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My own composition conception, and then writing on this basis, not only enriches the content of the composition, but also enables students to have more and more comprehensive knowledge and understanding of water and deepen the awareness of water saving.

5. Organize and guide students to participate in some essay activities and speeches. There are mainly essay competitions to commemorate the 85th anniversary of the founding of the Party, letters to parents from "Mom and Dad, thank your for your hard work" in filial piety month, essay-writing speech activities in "Tax Law Publicity Month", essay-writing activities for preventing tuberculosis and AIDS, essay-writing activities for eight honors and eight disgraces, and essay-writing speeches for folk education. Through these activities, they can pay more attention to social life and gain a lot of practical experience. If they win the prize, they will also enhance their self-confidence.

In addition, teachers should strengthen moral cultivation. It should be implemented for students.

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Teachers themselves should first establish the image of "being a teacher". As the saying goes, "Learning from high school is a teacher, and respect is an example", and teachers' words and deeds will exert a subtle influence on students. The former Soviet educator Shen Bilev once said: "Without the direct personality influence of teachers on students, there can be no real education." Makarenko also said: "The teacher's personal example is the sunshine that makes young people open their minds." Moral education pays more attention to "moving people with emotion" and "convincing people with morality" and infecting people with noble personality. Teachers who lack moral cultivation can hardly convince students even if they talk about "benevolence, righteousness and morality". Therefore, as a teacher, we must strengthen moral cultivation.

In short, the ideological education in Chinese teaching should conform to the characteristics of Chinese education, pay attention to edification and influence, pay attention to the combination of internal and external, and infiltrate the requirements of emotional attitude and values into the teaching process. Make students consciously accept patriotic education in the learning process, help them establish a correct outlook on life and values, improve students' moral cultivation and aesthetic taste, enable them to gradually develop good personality and sound personality, and promote the harmonious development of students' morality, intelligence, physique and beauty. All these are waiting for every educator to try and explore. There is a long way to go. I firmly believe that children will be very capable and promising in the future. Yes, I will silently bless them and wish the children a pleasant journey!