Earthquake is coming, what to do

Earthquake is the rapid vibration of the earth's surface, also known as earth tremor in ancient times. It is like wind, rain, lightning, landslides, volcanic eruptions, is a natural phenomenon that often occurs on Earth. There are many reasons for the vibration of the earth's surface. According to the causes of earthquakes, earthquakes can be classified as tectonic earthquakes, volcanic earthquakes, collapse earthquakes, induced earthquakes and artificial earthquakes

1. According to the causes of earthquakes, which types of earthquakes occurring in the world belong to at present?

Tectonic earthquakes are the main types of earthquakes. According to statistics, tectonic earthquakes account for more than 90% of all earthquakes in the world.

2. What are the three basic parameters of earthquakes?

Location, magnitude and moment of occurrence.

3. What is meant by source, epicenter and distance from the epicenter?

The place inside the earth where an earthquake occurs is called the epicenter. The projection of the source on the ground is called the epicenter. The distance from the epicenter to any point on the ground is called the epicentral distance.

4. How many layers can the interior of the earth be divided into? Which layer is commonly affected by earthquakes?

The Earth's interior can be divided into three layers: the crust, the mantle and the core. According to statistics, about 92% of earthquakes occur in the Earth's crust, and the rest occur in the upper mantle.

5. How many earthquakes can occur on Earth in a year?

Earthquakes occur every day on Earth, about 5 million a year. Of these, about 50,000 can be felt by people; about 1,000 can cause damage; large earthquakes of magnitude 7 or greater average about a dozen a year.

6. What are the categories of earthquakes according to their causes?

By cause, earthquakes are categorized into natural earthquakes and artificial earthquakes. Natural earthquakes include tectonic earthquakes, volcanic earthquakes, and subsidence earthquakes. Due to man-made factors directly caused by the vibration is artificial earthquakes, such as underground nuclear explosions caused by vibration. What we generally call earthquakes, mostly refers to natural earthquakes, it is a

a kind of natural phenomenon that often occurs, is a special form of crustal movement.

7. What is the depth of the earthquake? What are shallow earthquakes, deep earthquakes and medium earthquakes?

The distance from the epicenter to the source of an earthquake is called the depth of the epicenter. Earthquakes with a depth of 70 kilometers or less are called shallow earthquakes; earthquakes with a depth of more than 300 kilometers are called deep earthquakes; earthquakes with a depth of 70-300 kilometers are called medium earthquakes.

8. What are local, near and far earthquakes?

Earthquakes with epicenters within 100 kilometers of each other are called local earthquakes; earthquakes with epicenters between 100 and 1,000 kilometers are called near earthquakes; and earthquakes with epicenters more than 1,000 kilometers away are called long-distance earthquakes.

9. What is magnitude? What are the factors affecting the magnitude of an earthquake?

The magnitude of an earthquake is an indication of the size of the earthquake itself, and it is related to the amount of energy released by the source. The greater the energy, the greater the magnitude; a magnitude difference of one degree results in a difference of about 30 times the energy.

10. What are the categories of earthquakes according to their magnitude?

By magnitude: earthquakes of magnitude 7 and above are called large earthquakes; earthquakes of magnitude 7 or below, 5 or above are called strong earthquakes or medium-strength earthquakes; earthquakes of magnitude 5 or below, 3 or above are called small earthquakes; earthquakes of magnitude 3 or below, 1 or above are called weak earthquakes and micro-earthquakes. Those less than magnitude 1 are called super

microseisms.

11.What is the magnitude of the world's largest earthquake recorded so far?

Magnitude 8.9, which occurred on May 22, 1960, in Chile.

12. What is earthquake intensity? What are the factors that affect the intensity?

The extent of an earthquake's impact and damage to an area is called seismic intensity, or intensity for short. In general, the greater the magnitude, the greater the intensity. The same earthquake, the epicenter distance is small intensity is high, and vice versa, the intensity is low. In addition to the magnitude and distance from the epicenter, the factors affecting the intensity are also related to the depth of the epicenter

degree, geological structure and foundation conditions.

13. What is the difference between magnitude and intensity?

The magnitude of an earthquake reflects the size of the earthquake itself, and is only related to the amount of energy released by the earthquake, which is expressed in terms of "magnitude"; while the intensity of the impact on the ground and the degree of destruction, which is expressed in terms of "degrees". An earthquake has only one magnitude while the intensity varies from place to place.

14. What is a line of equal intensity? What is the purpose of an iso-magnitude line map?

Iso-intensity lines are lines that connect points of the same intensity on the ground. It provides a scientific basis for rapid assessment of earthquake damage and deployment of earthquake relief work.

15. What is an earthquake sequence? What is meant by mainshock, aftershock and foreshock? What are the types of earthquake sequences?

In a certain period of time, the occurrence of a series of earthquakes of different sizes in the same source area, and its seismic mechanism has some kind of intrinsic connection or have *** with the seismic structure of a group of earthquakes is called seismic sequence.

An earthquake sequence in the strongest earthquake known as the main shock; after the main shock in the same seismic area after the occurrence of smaller earthquakes known as aftershocks; the main shock before the occurrence of smaller earthquakes in the same seismic area known as foreshocks. Earthquake sequences can be divided into the following categories:

(1) swarm-type - there is no prominent mainshock, and the main energy is released through a number of earthquakes of similar magnitude;

(2) isolated-type (unitary earthquakes) - its main feature is that there is almost no foreshock, and there are almost no aftershocks.

(3) mainshock type - the mainshock has a high magnitude and is very prominent, and the energy released by the mainshock accounts for more than 90% of the whole earthquake sequence, which is divided into two types: "mainshock-aftershock type" and "foreshock-mainshock-aftershock type". Aftershock-type";

17. What is a destructive earthquake? What is a severe destructive earthquake?

Destructive earthquakes are seismic events that cause a certain number of casualties and economic losses.

Severely destructive earthquakes are earthquakes that cause serious casualties and economic losses, and cause the affected area to lose or partially lose its ability to recover itself, requiring national rescue operations.

18. What is an urban "straight down earthquake"? What are the most typical urban "straight-down earthquakes"?

Earthquakes that occur underneath large cities and their surroundings are known as urban "direct earthquakes," a term coined by Japanese scholars, and these earthquakes tend to cause large damage to cities.

The most typical urban "straight-down earthquakes" were the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China and the 1995 Hanshin earthquake in Japan.

19. Who invented the world's first geophone (seismograph)? What year was it used?

The world's first geodesic instrument (候风地动仪) was invented by Zhang Heng, a scientist of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China; it was used to record the Longxi Earthquake in A.D. 132.

20. When and where were the earliest seismic stations and seismic telemetry networks built in China?

China's first seismic station, the Beijing Xishan Wufeng Seismic Station, was established in 1930 under the auspices of Mr. Li Shanbang and Mr. Qin Xinling, and the network of Beijing telemetry stations was completed in 1966, with 8 sub-stations, and was expanded for the first time after the Haicheng Earthquake of 1975, with 21 sub-stations located in the areas of Beijing, Tianjin, Tang, and Zhang

In 1980 the second expansion was carried out, with the implementation of encryption works. In 1980, the second expansion, the implementation of the encryption project. 1990 Datong earthquake, the third expansion, the implementation of the "North China station network network" project.

21. What is the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves?

Transverse waves vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the direction of wave advancement, while longitudinal waves vibrate in the same direction of propagation. In the epicenter area, the seismic wave is directly incident on the ground, the transverse wave shows left and right shaking, the longitudinal wave shows up and down bouncing, and the longitudinal wave propagation speed is faster than the transverse wave. In addition, the amplitude of the transverse wave is larger than that of the longitudinal wave,

the destructive force is large, and the horizontal shaking force of the transverse wave is the main reason for the damage of the building.

22. What is an earthquake zone? What are the major earthquake zones in the world?

Earthquakes occur more often and more intense zone, called the seismic zone. There are two major earthquake zones in the world:

(1) Himalayan-Mediterranean seismic zone, from Indonesia through Myanmar to China's Hengduan Mountains, the Himalayas, across the Pamir Plateau, through Central Asia to the Mediterranean Sea and its vicinity, releasing energy accounted for the release of energy in global earthquakes accounted for 24% of the energy released.

(2) the Pacific Rim seismic zone, including the Pacific coast of North and South America and from the Aleutian Islands, Kamchatka Peninsula, the Japanese archipelago south to Taiwan Province of China, and then through the Philippine Islands to the southeast, until New Zealand. The release of energy accounted for 76% of the global seismic release of energy;

23. Why is it said that China is a country with many earthquakes?

According to statistics, earthquakes on our continent account for about one-third of the world's continental earthquakes. China is between the world's two major seismic zones, and some areas are themselves part of these two seismic zones, and vast areas are affected by it.

24. Which are the provinces (autonomous regions) with more earthquakes in China?

China's more earthquake-prone provinces (autonomous regions) are, in order, Taiwan, Tibet, Xinjiang, Yunnan and Sichuan.

25. What is the "North-South Seismic Zone"?

From Ningxia in China, through eastern Gansu, western Sichuan, up to Yunnan, there is a longitudinal mainland China, roughly north-south direction of the earthquake belt, known as China's north-south seismic zone, referred to as the north-south seismic zone. The belt extends northward into Mongolia and southward into Myanmar.

Second, earthquake disaster knowledge

1. What are the characteristics of earthquake disaster?

Earthquake disaster is the first of the group of disasters, which has the characteristics of suddenness and unpredictability, as well as high frequency, and produces serious secondary disasters, which will also have a great impact on the society.

2. What are the factors affecting the magnitude of earthquake disasters?

Including natural and social factors. Among them are the magnitude, epicenter distance, depth of the earthquake source, the time of the earthquake, the location of the earthquake, the type of earthquake, geological conditions, seismic performance of buildings, regional population density, the degree of economic development and social civilization. Earthquake disaster can be prevented,

Comprehensive defense work can be done to minimize natural disasters.

3. What are the direct hazards of earthquakes?

Earthquakes cause damage to buildings as well as landslides, landslides, mudslides, earthquakes, ground cracks, ground subsidence, sandblasting, water bubbles and other damage to the ground surface, and tsunamis.

4. What is a secondary disaster of an earthquake?

A series of other disasters caused by the destruction of the earthquake, including fires, floods and gas, toxic gas leaks, bacteria, radiation proliferation, plague and other disasters to life and property.

5. What is meant by secondary sources of disaster?

Secondary disaster sources are flammable, explosive, toxic substances storage facilities, and dams, embankments, etc. that may cause floods, fires, explosions and other disasters due to earthquakes.

6. What are the most common disasters caused by earthquakes?

The destruction and collapse of various types of buildings (structures). The resulting casualties and direct economic property losses.

7. Which of the common secondary disasters caused by earthquakes is the most serious?

Fire.

8. When and where did the largest earthquake fire in our history occur?

The fire caused by an 8-magnitude earthquake in Yinchuan in 1739, which burned for five days and five nights.

9. Why are secondary disasters from earthquakes prominent in cities?

Cities are highly concentrated areas of various lifeline projects, with dense pipeline networks above and below the ground and concentrated sources of secondary hazards, so the secondary disasters of earthquakes are prominent.

10. When and where did the largest earthquake flood in China's history occur?

The flooding was caused by a 7.5-magnitude earthquake in Daxi, Sichuan, in 1933. During the earthquake, mountains collapsed and blocked the Minjiang River, forming four weirs. 45 days after the earthquake, the lake blockage collapsed, causing flooding downstream. Flooding vertical and horizontal flooding, up to more than 1,000 miles, submerging more than 20,000 people, washed away 50,000 acres of good land.

11. What are the factors affecting casualties?

(1) the intensity of the earthquake (magnitude and intensity);

(2) the distance to the epicenter;

(3) the population density of the earthquake area;

(4) the seismic performance and density of buildings;

(5) the season and time of the earthquake;

(6) the existence of earthquake forecast;

(7) the existence of an earthquake emergency plan;

(8) The speed of rescue.

12. In the history of earthquakes in the world, which earthquake caused the most casualties?

The magnitude 8 earthquake that struck Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province, China, on January 23, 1556, killed about 830,000 people.

13.Why is China said to be a country with extremely severe earthquake disasters?

China is located in the Pacific Rim Seismic Zone and the Mediterranean-Himalayan Seismic Zone, with frequent seismic activity; China's earthquakes are mainly intra-plate earthquakes, characterized by shallow epicenters, high frequency, high intensity, and wide distribution; China's population is large, and the seismic performance of its buildings is poor, resulting in a higher rate of

disasters. (Intraplate earthquakes are earthquakes that occur within a plate)

Three: Earthquake Forecasting Knowledge

1. What are earthquake precursors? What are the common precursor phenomena?

Anomalous phenomena related to earthquakes occurring in nature before an earthquake are called precursors. Including microscopic precursors and macro precursors. Common precursor phenomena of earthquakes are: abnormal changes in groundwater, abnormal reactions of animals, crustal deformation, small seismic activity, geophonic, geophotonic, geomagnetic changes, gravitational changes

Chemical, geoelectric changes, changes in stress, changes in radon gas content or other chemical constituents of the groundwater, seismic wave velocity changes, and so on.

2. What are the abnormal changes in groundwater before an earthquake? What kind of interference should be excluded?

The rise and fall of the groundwater level and the change of color, taste, flower, bubbling, and the sudden change of the temperature of the hot spring water, etc., may be a precursor to the earthquake. However, changes in groundwater are a very complex phenomenon, and care must be taken to exclude interference from precipitation (rain, snow), drought, river rises and falls, snow and ice melting,

man-made pumping and irrigation, environmental pollution, and many other factors.

3. Does a sudden change in weather necessarily mean an earthquake?

No. In some major earthquakes before the meteorological anomalies are indeed recorded, but the relationship between meteorology and earthquakes is very complex, even if there is some kind of correlation is relatively indirect, and only under certain special conditions can play a role in a region, changes in the weather is often occurring,

And destructive earthquakes are rare. Some people think an earthquake is going to happen as soon as they see a change in the weather, and this fear is totally unnecessary.

4. Do abnormalities in the habits of animals mean that a big earthquake is coming?

Not necessarily. There are many reasons for the abnormal habits of animals, such as weather changes, changes in living conditions, biological disturbances, changes in feeding conditions, and the effects of environmental pollution, all of which can cause abnormal habits. In addition, changes in the physiological state of the animals themselves, people's observation of the illusion may be considered abnormal, we have to identify the true and false animal anomalies on the basis of determining whether such anomalies are related to earthquakes.

5. What is earthquake forecasting? What are the three elements of earthquake forecasting?

Earthquake forecasting is the prediction of the time, place and magnitude of a destructive earthquake, as well as the intensity of its impact and the extent of damage. The three elements of earthquake forecasting refer only to the time, place and magnitude of the earthquake.

6. What is meant by medium- and long-term, short-term, and near-seismic forecasts of earthquakes? What is meant by annual trend prediction of earthquakes?

Predicting earthquakes that may occur in a certain place within a few years to a few decades, or even within a hundred years, is called long-term forecasting. Medium-term forecasts of earthquakes that are likely to occur within a few months to a few years are called medium-term forecasts of earthquakes. Medium-term and long-term forecasts of earthquakes are collectively called medium- and long-term forecasts. Short-term forecasts are made for earthquakes that may occur within a few days to dozens of days, or even a few months, of a particular location

. An earthquake that is likely to occur within a few days of a location is called a near-shock prediction. Annual seismic trend forecasts are annual or slightly longer trend forecasts made by experts organized by the China Earthquake Administration (CEA) for locations where major

earthquakes are likely to occur in China in the next year.

7. What are the four countries in the world that are currently doing more research on earthquake forecasting?

China, Japan, the United States, and the former Soviet Union.

8. The level of earthquake forecasting in China?

With the current level of science, it is not yet possible to forecast most destructive earthquakes. However, on the premise of fully and reasonably applying the existing practical experience and research results, it is possible to make a certain degree of prediction for certain types of earthquakes under certain favorable conditions.

China, like other countries in the world, is still at a low level of exploration of earthquake prediction, and compared with Japan, the United States and other countries, there is still a certain gap between China and Japan in the advanced observation technology and the basic theoretical research of earthquake prediction. However, China has an advantage in the accumulation of seismic data and

experience in on-site forecasting. The frequent occurrence of earthquakes of medium-strength and above in China has provided more practical opportunities for experimental forecasting for seismologists in China. In the mid-1970s, China had successfully predicted destructive earthquakes such as the 7.3-magnitude Haicheng earthquake in Liaoning province, and since the 1990s

China has achieved the 7.3-magnitude earthquake in Menglian, Yunnan province, in 1995, the 6.3-magnitude and 6.4-magnitude earthquakes in the strong earthquake swarm in Gashi, Xinjiang province, in 1997, and four earthquakes with a magnitude of more than 5, including the 6.2-magnitude earthquake in Lijiang, Yunnan province, in November 1998, and the 6.2-magnitude earthquake in Lijiang, Yunnan province, in December 1999 On December 29, 1999, a series of successful short-term

prognostic forecasts were made for a series of earthquakes of magnitude 5.6, such as the 5.2 magnitude earthquake in Ninglang County, Lijiang, Yunnan Province. This is unique in the world.

Overall, China's level of earthquake forecasting is in the advanced ranks of the world.

Four, earthquake self-rescue and mutual rescue knowledge and China's earthquake prevention and mitigation policies

1. When an earthquake occurs, how to carry out personal protection at work?

In the office to hurry to hide under the desk, after the earthquake from the stairs to quickly evacuate; is working in the factory workers, to immediately turn off the machine, cut off the power supply, and then quickly withdrawn to a safe place. For special sectors (such as power plants, gas plants, steel mills, nuclear reactors, etc.) operate according to special operating

procedures.

2. How do I take personal precautions in a public ****place during an earthquake?

In the public **** place, theaters, stadiums, performances or competitions should be stopped immediately, the audience should hide under the rows of chairs, the foot of the stage or the music pool, after the earthquake in an orderly manner to organize the audience evacuation in separate ways; being played in the stadium should be stopped immediately to stabilize the audience's mood, to prevent panic, crowding,

organized and step-by-step evacuation to the open and safe place; students who are attending classes, quickly Under the desk to hide, when the earthquake stopped, under the unified command of teachers, quickly evacuate the classroom, near the open area to avoid the earthquake, do not crowd, jump.

3. What is the first thing townspeople should do to prevent secondary disasters from occurring during an earthquake?

Cut off power and gas sources to prevent fires.

4. What should people avoid when evacuating during an earthquake?

Tall buildings, narrow alleyways, high-voltage lines, transformers, steep slopes, river banks.

5. How do you take personal precautions at home during an earthquake?

Keeping a clear and calm mind and reacting quickly is the key to safety. In the home to shelter in place, not to flee, you can choose a safer place (such as under the bed, under the table) to hide; live in the unit building, you can choose to open the small bathroom, kitchen, storage room and wall

corner to hide; at the same time, to turn off the power, turn off the gas, extinguish the fire to prevent the occurrence of fires and gas leakage; high-rise tenants to transfer downward, can not jump, and can not take the elevator. When a major earthquake, take advantage of the gap between two earthquakes to quickly evacuate.

6. What is the seismic safety evaluation of engineering and construction sites?

Engineering construction site seismic safety evaluation refers to the engineering construction site seismic intensity review, seismic hazard analysis, design of ground shaking parameters, seismic zoning, site and the surrounding geological stability evaluation and site seismic hazard prediction work. Its purpose is to determine a reasonable standard of defense for the project

seismic, to realize the safety of the earthquake, the purpose of reasonable construction investment.

7. What is the purpose of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction?

To incorporate disaster reduction into governmental functions and to turn governmental authority into public action.

8. What was the date of the 1994 UN General Assembly resolution that designated the second Wednesday of October as the International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction?

International Day for Disaster Reduction

9. How do you take personal precautions outdoors during an earthquake?

Keep a clear head and react quickly.

Outdoors, car drivers should choose a safe place to brake, train drivers, to take emergency braking measures, steady and gradual braking; to stay in the open place, away from tall buildings, high-voltage wires; in the hillside attention to the rolling stones, but also to stay away from the steep cliffs, to prevent landslides, mudslides

The threat of

.

10. What is meant by lifeline project?

Mainly refers to the maintenance of urban survival function and the national life has a significant impact on the project, mainly including water supply, drainage system of the project; electricity, gas and oil pipelines and other energy supply system of the project; telephone and radio and television and other information and communication system of the project; large-scale medical system of the project

Program and highways, railroads, and other transportation systems, such as the project.

11. What was the theme of the International Day for Disaster Reduction in 1996?

Prevention and mitigation of urbanization disasters.

12. How did the General Secretary discuss the relationship between disaster reduction and economic construction?

A: On June 25, 1993, the General Secretary formally put forward in his congratulatory letter to the International Conference on Disaster Management in China that "China will continue to adhere to the guiding ideology that economic construction and disaster reduction should be carried out together, and disaster reduction should be incorporated into the overall planning of national economic and social development. It will continue to implement the basic policy of focusing on prevention

and combining prevention, resistance and rescue, increase investment, strengthen disaster prevention construction and improve the ability to resist natural disasters."

13.What are the main contents and working guidelines of local earthquake work in China?

Local seismic work is directly led by local governments at all levels above the county level, mainly for the local socio-economic development services, included in the local socio-economic development planning, planning and management of the local financial budget earthquake work, belonging to the local social disaster prevention public welfare undertakings, to undertake the regional seismic

seismic work. Local earthquake work is committed to the promotion and application of earthquake science and technology, to improve the whole nation's awareness of earthquake prevention, to maximize the defense and mitigation of earthquake disasters, for the local economic construction and social development services.

14. What are the tasks, guidelines and principles of earthquake prevention and mitigation publicity work?

Promoting knowledge of earthquake prevention and mitigation, disseminating information on earthquake prevention and mitigation work, enhancing the awareness and ability of the whole society to prevent and mitigate earthquakes, improving the people's conscientiousness in preventing and mitigating earthquakes and their ability to cope with disasters, and mobilizing public participation in actions to prevent and mitigate earthquakes and disasters, so as to serve economic construction and social progress.

Disaster prevention and reduction publicity work should follow the policy of "active, prudent, scientific and effective", and adhere to the principle of "adapting to local conditions, taking advantage of the situation, being regular and persistent, and being scientific and realistic".

15. What is the long-term purpose of earthquake-resistant rural areas in China?

(1) Gradually change the composition of building materials in rural areas;

(2) Gradually change the building habits in rural areas, and replace the traditional structural forms, structural measures and construction methods that are unfavorable to seismic resistance with structural forms, structural measures and construction methods that are good at resisting earthquakes;

(3) Strengthen the popularization of knowledge of earthquakes and seismic resistance, so as to make seismic prevention and protection a practical action and a conscious need of the peasants. practical actions and conscious needs.

16. In what year did China's fifth seismically active period of this century begin? What countermeasures will be taken to prevent earthquakes and reduce disasters?

1988. Basic countermeasures: prevention-oriented, comprehensive defense, seriously do a good job in earthquake monitoring and forecasting, earthquake prevention, earthquake emergency response, earthquake relief and reconstruction of the four links of work. There are eight specific measures:

(1) Establishing a sound system of earthquake prevention and mitigation work in all provinces of the country;

(2) Establishing a sound system of earthquake prevention and mitigation laws and regulations;

(3) Starting to incorporate earthquake prevention and mitigation work into the overall planning of social and economic development;

(4) Enhancing the capacity of earthquake monitoring and prediction and rapid response;

(5) Efforts to do a good job of earthquake-resistant fortification based on seismic safety evaluation;

(6) formulation of good earthquake emergency plans;

(7) enhancement of post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction capabilities;

(8) raising the public's awareness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.

17. How to identify earthquake rumors?

(1) Earthquake forecasts issued by the government (at the provincial level)

should be fully believed!

Because it is an earthquake monitoring and forecasting department of the scientific and technical personnel through the collection of monitoring a large number of seismic anomalies, after careful and comprehensive research, with reference to past successful experience, very carefully provided to the government decision-making departments, the government in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations on earthquake prevention and mitigation, in the spirit of

for the sake of the people's lives and property safety and social stability and made.

(2) Not issued by the government, but forecasting the time, place, and magnitude of an earthquake is very accurate

Not to be trusted!

Earthquakes are a very complex natural phenomenon, and although scientists have made unremitting efforts and some progress in earthquake prediction, there is still a lack of scientific revelation of the causes and laws of occurrence of earthquakes. The current earthquake prediction is only in the exploratory stage, it is impossible to do

very accurate. Therefore, the kind of earthquake forecasting that is accurate to a certain day, or even to a certain hour and a certain minute, and the location is in a very small area, and the magnitude of the earthquake is also very accurate beyond the current scientific level.

(3) It is predicted by so-and-so expert

not credible!

According to China's "Regulations Governing the Release of Earthquake Forecasts," no individual has the right to release unauthorized opinions or news about earthquake forecasts to the community, no matter who he is. As earthquake forecasting is in the exploratory stage, thus, the prediction opinions of scientists can only be provided to the earthquake department for reference. Disseminating personal

prediction opinions to the society is itself illegal.

(4) Foreign scientists' predictions of earthquakes in China

are not credible!

Earthquake prediction is a worldwide scientific problem, China's level of earthquake prediction is in the world's leading position in earthquake prediction, foreign level is not much higher than our country. Foreign scientists predicting earthquakes in China must be carried out in accordance with our laws. In addition to provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government can

publish earthquake forecasts, any individual, organization, have no right to publish, foreigners are also so.

(5) Seeing or hearing that the earthquake department is doing earthquake publicity or other related work, is it going to be an earthquake

No!

Let the general public understand earthquake science knowledge, improve disaster mitigation awareness and ability to do a good job of earthquake prevention and mitigation work, in any period of time is the sacred duty of the earthquake work department.

(6) Listening to relatives and friends saying that an earthquake is going to happen

is not to be trusted!

And who are they listening to? Therefore, earthquake rumors in general society should not be believed, or they will cause adverse social impacts and even disrupt social stability. When you hear rumors, you should contact your local district or county earthquake department.

(7) Whether there will be a bigger earthquake after a felt earthquake

Whether or not, you should listen to the government's announcement.

(8) Not only do you not believe in superstitious or ulterior messages about earthquakes,

but you should report them to the public security authorities.

18. What are the four links in China's earthquake prevention and mitigation work?

China's earthquake prevention and mitigation work can be divided into four segments, namely, earthquake monitoring and forecasting, earthquake disaster prevention, earthquake emergency response, and post-earthquake relief and reconstruction, according to the content of the work and the characteristics of the time sequence.

(1) Earthquake emergency response refers to the emergency response actions such as pre-earthquake emergency preparation, pro-earthquake emergency precaution, quake-time emergency command and quake-time emergency rescue, etc., which are taken to cope with sudden earthquake events.

(2) Post-earthquake relief and reconstruction refers to the comprehensive disaster relief actions and the work of restoring production and rebuilding homes immediately following the earthquake emergency.

(3) Earthquake monitoring and forecasting includes the scientific and technical work of monitoring and predicting the occurrence of future earthquakes as well as the administrative work of social release of earthquake forecasts. In terms of the content of science and technology, refers to the acquisition of information related to the occurrence of earthquakes carried out on seismic activity and earthquake precursor information

detection, transmission, processing and analysis, as well as on the basis of the possible future occurrence of earthquakes in the time zone, territory and intensity of the prediction. The release of earthquake forecasts shall be carried out in accordance with the procedures and authority prescribed by the State Council, and a unified release system shall be implemented. Earthquake monitoring and forecasting is the basic link of earthquake prevention and mitigation

disaster reduction work, which provides the background and three elements of seismic risk information for other links, so as to take a variety of targeted defense measures.

(4) Earthquake disaster prevention refers to the defensive work done before the earthquake, including engineering defense measures and non-engineering defense measures. Engineering defense measures mainly refers to the seismic zoning and engineering construction of the seismic safety evaluation based on the seismic requirements of the seismic

Establishment of defense, including seismic design and construction of new projects and facilities, as well as seismic reinforcement of existing buildings and structures. Non-engineering defensive measures mainly refer to the people's governments at all levels, as well as relevant social organizations and individuals to take the engineering defensive measures other than the disaster reduction

activities in accordance with the law, including the establishment of a sound system of earthquake prevention and mitigation work, the development of earthquake prevention and mitigation planning and planning, earthquake prevention and mitigation of publicity, education, training, exercises, scientific research, as well as the promotion of seismic disaster insurance, disaster relief funds and materials reserves and other work.

19. What is China's approach to earthquake relief work?

Self-reliance, hard work, development of production, rebuilding homes.

20. What are the principles of earthquake relief in China?

Local-based, supplemented by state subsidies; insurance compensation; and central enterprises and institutions mainly by the competent authorities and other principles.

21. What is meant by earthquake emergency?

It refers to the emergency earthquake relief and earthquake rescue and rescue operations that are different from the normal working procedures in order to mitigate earthquake disasters.

22. What is the meaning of "defense against earthquakes"?

Defense against earthquakes is the social behavior of people for preventing, mitigating, avoiding and resisting earthquake disasters, and it is the long-term strategic means established by human beings in the face of natural disasters, which focuses on prevention.

23. What are the main functions of governments at all levels in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction?

Decision-making, organization, command, coordination and supervision.

24. What is the guiding principle of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction work in the new seismically active period?

Under the leadership of the Party and the government, give full play to the functions of all levels of government to prevent and mitigate earthquakes, promote the progress of earthquake science, and mobilize the public to actively participate in the community; adhere to the forecast-oriented, measurement and reporting, prevention, resistance and rescue combination of the guidelines, and take the road of integrated defense, to minimize the loss of earthquake disasters,

for the service of economic construction and social stability.

25. destructive earthquakes occur, reduce seismic losses of the first condition is what?

Leaders at all levels quickly take command of disaster relief, start the "destructive earthquake emergency plan" decisively take emergency measures, timely and effective organization of disaster relief.

26. What is the basic strategy for earthquake relief in China?

(1) the implementation of prevention-oriented disaster relief system;

(2) the implementation of the administrative region-based organization and command;

(3) to play the role of the army, the militia and various professional disaster relief teams.

27. What are the four aspects of earthquake disaster reporting?

Population impact, economic impact, social impact and environmental impact.

28. How is the investigation, assessment and reporting of earthquake damage carried out?

Under the leadership of the higher people's government, led by the earthquake department, together with the relevant industry sectors in accordance with the provisions of the **** with.

29. What are the principles of earthquake relief?

(1) the principle of rapid response;

(2) the principle of self-rescue and mutual aid in the vicinity;

(3) the principle of highlighting the key points;

(4) the principle of active cooperation;

(5) the principle of proactive reporting

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