How many kinds of printed matter are there?

There are many kinds of prints, which can be divided into relief (woodcut prints, offset prints, paper prints, gypsum prints), intaglio (copper prints, zinc prints) and lithograph (lithograph) according to the nature of the layout and the materials used.

Woodblock printing, that is, "woodcut", is a kind of carving pictures on wooden boards with a knife and then printing them on paper. It is the earliest and most common print form at home and abroad.

From the printing point of view, there are three kinds of woodcuts: black and white woodcuts, overprint woodcuts and watermark woodcuts. Offset printing and woodcut printing are the same in engraving, but the materials are different. The copper plate coated with a layer of anti-corrosion wax is carved with a knife and a needle, and then etched with an acidic corrosive solution, where the anti-corrosion wax is carved becomes a concave line. When printing, the ink is rolled into concave lines, and the ink in the convex part is wiped off, and then the paper is unfolded and rolled by a roller, so that the ink in the concave lines is printed on the paper, thus making a copperplate work. Lithography is a kind of printmaking art developed on the basis of lithographic wood invented by nuffield in the18th century. First, oil-containing medicinal ink is used to paint on lithographs or special cliches, and then a layer of acid gum Arabic is coated on the lithographs. When printing, the ink is rolled on the page, and the medicinal ink accepts the ink in the painted place and repels the ink in the unpainted place, so that various landscape images of the medicinal ink painting can be displayed after being spread on paper for printing.

Paper printed matter is printed matter made of various paper materials and processed by various means. There are many ways to make paper prints, such as cutting and pasting, knife carving, painting, punching, and even tearing by hand; And can make relief, intaglio, hole plate and comprehensive plate. , with a very large performance space; The printing color can be monochrome or process color; Pigment can be oily, aqueous and powdery; Techniques include rubbing, ellipsis and stamping.

Different materials have different specific steps, but they are roughly grinding, making, washing, inking and washing.