What wonders or celebrities were there in Wuchuan County, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province in ancient times?

Shen You, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, had his own affairs.

Tian yougong

Tian Jingxian

Zou Qing

Shen?

plum

Cai yuguang

Shen

Gong laifa

Shen shangxian

Shen You, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, had his own affairs.

Loyalty and filial piety in life, and rules in death —— Shen You, the Imperial Advisor of the Ming Dynasty, and his affairs

Shen You, born in the first year of Hongxi, Ming Renzong (1455), lived in Fotan Cliff, Wuchuan (now Longtan Village, Daping Town). Shen in Longtan village accounts for more than 98%, all of whom are descendants. There are many stories about Shen You in the local area, such as the legends of "Tang Tian pond" and "Laiyantang".

It is said that Shen You was "smart and different" when he was a child. When he was studying with his classmates Zou Qing, Tian Tai and Gou Lu in Huilongguan on the riverside, the teacher saw that these four people were smart and studious, so he added the word "Tian" to their names (namely, Shen Tianyou, Zou Tianqing, Tian Tai and Gou Tianlu) and pinned their hopes. Because the four of them dug a pond in their spare time, "coming to Tang Yan" means that the Gu Song Cooper in Huilongguan on the riverside is lush and beautiful, and geese often inhabit the mountains. In the Ming Dynasty, Zou Qing and Zou? (Son of Zou Qing) has won the prize successively. At that time, people took wild geese as a good omen and attached this pond to show "coming to the wild goose pond". Shen You's three heroic deeds are what I heard the most in Longtan Village and what the locals talked about the most.

First, family ties are precious. When Shen You was a child, one day he and his father went up the mountain to farm, and suddenly a tiger jumped out of the Woods. Shen You's father panicked and couldn't escape, so he was bitten by a tiger. Although Shen You was only seven or eight years old, he was eager to save his father, but he forgot the danger. He came running with a stick in his hand and beat the tiger without fear. The tiger was stunned.

Secondly, it is difficult to be a teacher. At the age of 65,438+06, Shen You was admitted to imperial academy to study. At that time, Li Shimin, who offered a drink offering, angered Yingzong by talking about current events. Yingzong ordered Li Shimin to be imprisoned and made public in front of imperial academy. Shen You stood up and advocated that the students of imperial academy Sixth Hall gathered outside the palace to petition with Shi Dayong and others, willing to replace the teacher. Perhaps under pressure, or moved by the spirit of Shen You and others, Yingzong finally released Li Shimin.

Third, you are difficult to do things. After ten years of orthodoxy, Shen You was admitted to Jinshi at the age of 20 and was awarded the censor of Sichuan Road. In July of the 14th year of Orthodox Church (1449), the Vara army invaded south along the 4th Road, and eunuch Wang Zhen mobilized more than 500,000 people to confuse Yingzong. Hu Kun went out with the driver as an imperial advisor, and the soldiers arrived at Tubao (now Huailai County, Hebei Province) and were surrounded by the Walla army. After several breakthroughs, Shen You accompanied the emperor to open the way for Yingzong and block the enemy. In the battle, Shen You risked his life and forgot his death, so that blood spilled on Yingzong's clothes, but he couldn't get out of trouble. In the end, Yingzong had to order the selection of ministers who looked similar to himself, and used Yudi to break through. Because Shen was as long as a clan, he rode with the emperor of Yingzong, attracted the Walla army and covered the breakthrough of Yingzong. Finally, Shen You died at the age of 24 after being chased by the Walla army. Although Yingzong saved his life, he was finally captured by Vala. This is the famous "popular rebellion" in history.

As the ancients said: Father gives birth, teacher teaches, monarch governs, and there are three books in the world. At the critical moment of the monarch, relatives and teachers' life and death, Shen You always showed the true nature of loyalty and filial piety. Teacher Shen Xuelun, a Longtan cultural person, was full of pride when he talked about Shen You in Kan Kan. Yes, it is not only the pride of Longtan people, but also the pride of people surnamed Shen. He is also the pride of all Gelao children in Wuchuan County. His spirit is not only the loyalty and filial piety ethics of feudal ethics, but also the embodiment of China's traditional virtues, that is, different people have different opinions, and the wise have different opinions and serve the country wholeheartedly.

Yingzong was captured, and Zhu Qiyu acceded to the throne, taking the title of Jingtai. In the first year of Jingtai, the imperial court issued five orders: First, Shen You died and was given an advanced Wen Linlang, and his position remained unchanged; Second, his father (dead) specially presented advanced Sichuan Taoist history; Third, Shen You's first mother, Zhang Zengru; Fourth, a gift from her biological mother Li; 5. His wife Li is a widow. In the third year of Jingtai, he was given a special "chain life" (see Jiajing's Sinan Mansion Records? Book ").

After Yingzong returned to Beijing, Jingtai reigned in the seventh year (1456), and all the ministers who died in the "rebellion" were given a seal and a clef, except Shen You's name, which was quite unfair to later generations. During the Jiajing period, Yu Shixiao turned around and said, "... so who can help me enjoy peace and get a safe and prosperous career?" On the other hand, when King Jing ascended the throne, he would still sympathize with the death of his lonely loyalty, deeply pity the grass, spoil himself with tin, and even shade his second son ... "Shang Shucheng of the Ministry of Rites also said in his draft:" ... the gentleman's bones abandoned the balance to introduce the town, and his name fell short, causing blood to spill on the emperor's clothes, not fat. "So what is the reason for the independence of the Sixteen Martyrs? (According to Ming Yingzong's Pre-Records, the ministers who died in the civil war were "British Fu, Taining Hou Chenying, Jingyuan, Pingxiang Huai, Xiangcheng Zhen, Sui Anbo Chen Lin, Hou Shenrong, viceroy, Wang Gui, Shangshu Wang Zuo, Kuang Ye and bachelor Cao Fei. Wang Chong said, "Shen Gong has no personal knowledge in North Korea, and he has no son. It's difficult to make progress in the country, and the British Sect is in chaos, and Shen You is far away in the end of the world ... "Yang believes that" it's easy to get the moon first, and there is nothing illegal in the hinterland, and it's not a wave. " Both of them think that Shen You was born in a remote hometown, with no relatives and friends, and no future generations are officials in the DPRK, and no one is crying for his death. In addition, Yingzong was in the midst of a national disaster at that time, and it was a tumultuous autumn, so he forgot Shen You when he paid homage to the traitor.

Although there is some truth in this statement, personally, I think it is difficult for Shen You to die, and the prospect of Taidi's death in a war-torn year shows that there was no doubt about Shen You's death at that time, not because he was far away in Shen You. Zou Qing, a friend who grew up and studied with Shen You, is now the military and civilian magistrate in Yao 'an, Yunnan Province. It is probably not true that he has no relatives and friends in North Korea as an official. Besides, how could all the ministers and Douchayuan not justify the demise of an empire in Shen You's work without praising it? So, is Shen You's official position too low? In the Ming Dynasty, the official position of the Taoist supervisor was basically the same as that of the deputy governor, and Deng Qi, the deputy governor, was impressively famous in the list of ministers who died in the civil war. This shows that Shen You's official position is not too low. All these doubts show that there are other reasons why the emperor praised and sympathized with the ministers who died in the civil war.

As the king of a country, the emperor is dignified and honorable. However, in the civil war, Emperor Yingzong was captured by a different race, which was extremely unfavorable to the emperor's identity. This history must be the secret of Yingzong. However? Civil engineering changes? It is another big event, which should be recorded in history books, but there is one detail in this big event that is the last thing in the memory of Yingzong, that is, the death of Shen You. "The life in the group is combined with the appearance of couplets, so it is difficult to pick them off and it is difficult for people to push them. If you are similar in appearance, you will be ordered to bow on behalf of your body and ride the boat far away ... "(Xiao Zhongwang played last). As can be seen from this passage, Shen Youdai's idea of taking Yudi to break through was conceived by Yingzong himself. This kind? Civet cats for princes? The last move reflected the mentality of Yingzong who was afraid of death and dragged out an ignoble existence. This practice of sacrificing others' lives for one's own life is not shameful to anyone, and it has become the most embarrassing memory after Yingzong, which is the last thing others want to mention. Later, someone actually excused Yingzong:? It is said that Zhang Fu and Wang Zuo were also in Jingnan during the Northern Expedition and were not saved. Zhu Yong and Xue Mao, the escort ministers, are not necessarily loyal and lack safety measures. They enjoy peace and vibration in the army, so they should not abuse T-shirts, right? In other words, although the dead courtiers were loyal, they failed to save Yingzong in the end. Besides, some eunuchs prefer to surrender to the enemy, and Wang Zhenfu punishes them, so it is inappropriate to praise T-shirts indiscriminately. However, the fact is that Emperor Tianshun of Yingzong did not resent the change of Yuan, but paid homage to the Palace of the King, which shows how feeble this excuse is. The reason why Yingzong kept silent about Shen You's death was because he was afraid that his fear of death in the folk castle would be exposed to the world. Yingzong not only completely forgot the blood spilled by Shen You on the emperor's clothes, but also suppressed the evaluation of Shen You's achievements by his subordinates. The loyal minister temple in the civil fort is an example. This kind of temple for worshipping loyal ministers is generally built according to the emperor's decree after being audited by the Ministry of Rites, not to mention the civil war or the battle witnessed by Yingzong. However, it is in this most memorable loyal minister temple that "the memorial tablet of Shen Shi's royal loyalty and filial piety is not seen alone" (Xiao has a lot to do with Emperor Yingzong, or, these were all done under the direct inspiration of Yingzong.

However, justice is comfortable and unforgettable. After Yingzong, between Chenghua, Hongzhi, and Jiajing, there was a draft of Shangshucheng, which was called "Nothing else happened after the funeral", and then there was "a small play of one thing, three fierce battles of ao and Jing, Yang Yan's righteousness was heavy, and Tian Xilu was proud of his old country", all of which called Shen You's death and demanded a special shrine. At this time, it coincided with the Jiajing Emperor Ceremony and the Minglun Ceremony, which advocated the ritual system. Therefore, the court finally awarded the "Loyalty and Righteousness Festival", and in the tenth year of Jiajing (153 1), Governor Guo Honghua ordered Sinanfu and Wuchuan County to set up shrines for worship, named "Shenzhongjie Public Temple". Wuchuan? Shen Zhongjie Temple? Located in Boluo Mountain, the county seat, also known as Shen You Temple, it is now well preserved. The temple is 20 meters wide and 2 1 meter wide, surrounded by volcanic walls, with main halls, hatchbacks, memorial archways and other buildings, which were successively repaired during the reign of Kangxi and Daoguang. It is said that every county magistrate used to go to Shen You Temple to worship after he took office in Wuchuan, and every time he repaired it, he had to heighten the original building to show his loyalty and filial piety to Shen You, showing Shen You's influence on later generations.

Shen You had a far-reaching influence on Wuchuan's cultural education. Wuchuan is an ancient city in Guizhou, but it is located in a remote place. Before Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, there was no school in the county, so many handsome talents were buried in the mountains. However, it was not until Shen Youdeng became famous as a scholar that Qiu Tiancai, the county magistrate, asked for the construction of Gong Xue for Wuchuan and Yinjiang. In Cha Jiajing's Annals of Sinan Prefecture, Sinan Prefecture governs two counties and four divisions, and only the local government and Wuchuan County have Confucian temples. Imagine, without the praise of teacher Wang Yangming and Li Wei, an official who participated in politics in Yunnan? Nanji literature school? Shen You, if there were no eternal festivals in Shen You, there would be no Confucianism in Wuchuan County. With the prosperity of Wuchuan education, it has become a common practice to build academies, including Wenfu Academy, Chunhua Academy, Xiuwen Academy, Luo Feng Academy and Peiyuan Academy. The rise of education has trained a large number of talents for Wuchuan. According to the Records of Wuchuan County, during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wuchuan produced 83 Jinshi and juries, which was spectacular. Later generations of people with lofty ideals and many students also inherited Shen You's loyalty. Different people have different opinions, and the wise have different opinions, and their iron bones are clanking, putting aside life and death. In the 20th year of Guangxu (1895), Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao launched a "bus petition" with 603 signatures. Wuchuan went to Beijing to try out the signatures of Juren Xu Zhihe, Nie Shukai, Shen Yunxi and Shen Dequ, and took part in this patriotic action without hesitation. Wang Jihui and Wu Chuan were three swindlers. They first served as the governor of Linjiang County, Jilin Province, and righteously refused to draw a map of their jurisdiction by the Japanese. Later, they served as the governor of Huanxian County, pledging to crusade against Yuan Shikai. Culture is inheritance, and spirit is inheritance. Shen You's loyalty and heroism have influenced generations of Gelao people, who fought for the strength of their country and nation.

I want to end this article with a couplet from Shen You Temple.

Seeing death as death, a seven-foot floating corpse will damage civil buildings.

If you want to survive, you must have a strong future.

References:

1, genealogy of Shen Shi in the 13th year of Daoguang in Longtan Houzhai (1833)

2. Jiajing's Annals of Sinan County

3. Wuchuan County Records

4. Ming history

Tian yougong

Tian Yougong (1075~ 1 154) was born in Wuchuan County, Song Sizhou. Have courage since childhood. When he was not in office, he encountered a local Tusi rebellion in Jingzhou (now Jingxian County, Hunan Province) and his father was ordered to make a conquest. Father should do it, but he can't go because of illness. Tian Yougong said, "As the saying goes,' Raising children to prevent old age', I would like to die for my father without regret." In the second year of Luanping (1099), Fu Yuan appointed Tian Yougong as Yong Lian's ambassador. Between politics, Song Huizong called Tian Yougong into the court, gave him a generous gift, worshipped him as a minister, and led the territory of Sizhou. In the second year of Song Zhenghe (1 1 12), Ran Wanhua, the chief of Huangyangdong, gathered a group of rebels in Qianzhou, and Tian Yougong was ordered to conquer. He was quickly suppressed and captured the leader, and his reputation was remarkable. The imperial court promoted Tian Yougong to be Tadao Lang, who was in charge of patrolling western Guizhou. In the fifth year of Zheng He, Yi Tong soldiers cooperated with Lunan to solve the siege of Meiling Fort, outwitted the net, leveled more than 30 cities and villages in 2 states and 8 counties, and expanded the army by more than 2,000 miles. The court awarded Zhong Yilang to Wu Yilang. Since then, Tian Yougong has been ordered to go to war many times to quell the chaos and fight against the invasion of the Jin people. After many battles, he made outstanding achievements and won the trust of the court. He was called to Beijing three times, and the court gave him gold belts, silverware, pommel horses and other things, and he was also promoted. In the seventh year of Zheng He, Dr. Wuyi was transferred to merit, and Jia Rongzhou was the secretariat; In the first year of Xuanhe (1 1 19), Luzhou Military Forces Company was given jurisdiction over the throne, Zhongzhou Yong Yong Lian was added, Guizhou (now Guixian, Guangxi) was added to prevent history, and Dufu Road Military Forces Company was added to garrison Lizhou (now Guangyuan, Sichuan); In the first year of Shaoxing (1 13 1), he was awarded the commander-in-chief of Kuizhou Road and moved to Dr. Liang; In the same year, I went back to Sizhou and learned about the military affairs of Sizhou and Wuchuan County. I made it because of my meritorious service in protecting Shu. For three years, I moved to wait on the doctor; After eleven years' hard work, he moved to Ning County to undertake a mission, and Jiabian County to undertake a mission, and still led the court affairs.

In the 24th year of Shaoxing in Song Dynasty (1 154), Tian Yougong died of old age at the age of 80. In the Southern Song Dynasty, he was presented to the court as an envoy of Baokang. Tian Ruduan, his son, took the title, and later presented it to Kaifeng Yitong Third Division, Shao Shi and Si Guogong. The former state sentenced Langzhong to write an inscription at Guan Yu's place to watch. Buried in Xishanyuan, Guiyi Township, Wuchuan, next to the tomb of Yuanzutian. Later generations felt safe, so they cast a tripod in Sizhou and Zhou Zhen temples, calling it "Shao Shi Temple".

Tian Jingxian

Tian Jingxian (1236~ 1297), the grandson of Tian Yougong VII, was born in Wuchuan County, Song Sizhou. Born in Duanping for three years in the Southern Song Dynasty (1236), he is studious, can perform martial arts and is good at making friends. 16 years old, his father died, attacked his father's whistle, and served as the ambassador of Nanping army to various holes in the border. With the help of uncle Tian (the messenger of Song Shouyu) and Tian (the deputy commander-in-chief of Zhong), we have maintained social stability and made the people of Sizhou around us safe. Bao You's five years (1257) was commended by the Song court. During the reign of Xianchun, a patrol inspection department was set up in Yatou Shangya (including Tianke Township, Yanhe County), with Tian Zongshu as the patrol inspection department, which strengthened the prevention of Yuan soldiers.

During the Deyou period, the guards in Lin 'an, Kyoto were empty and the situation was critical. Queen Xie issued a letter to the "diligent king" in various places. Tian Jingxian and Bozhou Governor Yang Bangxian led the troops to Lin 'an "Qin Wang" remotely. The army arrived in Zhou Zhen (now Zhengyi County, Jiangsu Province) and met the Yuan Army. Tian Jingxian and Yang Bangxian helped the Miao rebuild, and Zhao Heyuan, the garrison commander, fought in Laostorou (commonly known as Huang Tiandang) and won the first battle. In April of the same year, the court appointed Tian Jingxian as Ambassador Ying Yong and led the army to defend Kyoto. In September, he was promoted to Fuzhou secretariat and still guarded Kyoto. At that time, Chen was the prime minister. In December, Pai Cheng's subordinate officer Liu Bing surrendered to the Yuan Army, and Tian Jingxian led the troops back to China.

In the spring of Jing Yan's second year (1277), Yuan Bing captured Chongqing, anxious about state affairs, and Tian Jingxian sent his resignation. The Yuan court established a new army in Sizhou, with Tian Jingxian as the general manager. The following spring, he was called into the Senate, and Tian Jingxian was granted peace of mind to the soldiers and civilians in Sizhou, and was promoted to Dr. Rong Lu, who was familiar with the Privy Council. At this point, Yuan Bing has been stationed in Zhenyuan. Regardless of his personal advance and retreat, he wrote to Kublai Khan, demanding that Yuan Bing be stationed in Sizhou and not be a nuisance. Yuan Ting "obeyed". That year, he moved Sizhou Institute from Wuchuan County to Xiaoguzhuang, Longquan Ping, Dejiang. Soon the fire dreamed of its city and moved to Qingjiang City (now Cengong) in Du Ping. Former Sizhou, Lingwuchuan, Anyi, Jones and Qiongshui counties. At the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, the territory of Sizhou doubled. In the first year of Dade (1297), Tian Jingxian died at the age of 62 and was buried in the south of Longgang (now Cengong County).

Zou Qing

Zou Qing (1408~ 148 1 year) was born in Bian Jiang, Wuchuan County. When Zou Qing was young, he went back to the temple in his hometown to study in a private school. Zhong, Tian Tai, Gou Lu and Zou Qing are the most appreciated by teachers. Seeing that the four of them study hard and have flexible minds, the teacher added the word "Tian" to their names and said:? , Tiantiantai, Yan Tianlu, Zou Tianqing. After finishing their homework every day, the four of them use their rest time to dig a 2-mu mud pond opposite the school, and then catch fish from the river and feed it to the pond. This fish pond was built by four students of Tian Zi generation. People call it "Tang Tian".

In the fifth year of Ming Dynasty (1440), Zou Qing went to Kunming, Yunnan Province for an examination (there was no examination room in Guizhou at that time), and Zhong Geng applied. Jingtaiyuan (1450) was awarded to Yunnan Beishengfu, which is well-known, honest, diligent and loving the people. Tianshun three years (1459), was promoted to the military and civilian magistrate in Yao 'an, Yunnan. In the second year of Chenghua (1466), he returned to his hometown to provide for the aged. Yao An reluctantly gave him 1 a pair of bronze lions, weighing 20 kilograms; There are 1 pairs of copper vases, weighing 10 kg, to show the feelings of the government and the people.

Li Wei, a scholar in Southwest China who knows people and discusses the world, commented: "Zou Gongqing, father and son are both beautiful, and they are both giving (referring to Shen? ) name. Zou Gong is a county in Yunnan, with excellent official studies, claiming to be a former philosopher, born in a distant place and inspired. "

In the 14th year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (1478), the imperial court awarded Dr. Zou Qing Zhongxian. The following year, he died in his hometown at the age of 73 and was buried in Yangliuchi on the river.

In the 15th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1536), Sinan magistrate adopted the theory of scholar's price and entered Xiangxian Temple.

Shen?

Shen? (1425~ 1449), a native of Fotan Cliff, Wuchuan County. Shen? Brilliant and brave. When I was young, I went to the fields with my father. Suddenly, a tiger jumped out of the forest and rushed to his father, trying to take it away. Wit and brave, he hit his tiger with a stick. The tiger was injured and let go, but his father survived. Shen? Diligent and eager to learn, I went to Sinan Fucheng to take the children's exam and made up the county disciples. Five years of the Ming Dynasty (1442), Shen? I went to Kunming in the Himalayas to take the township test, and I was nominated for a job. Then he went to Beijing and studied in Imperial College London. While studying, Brewmaster Li Shimin was framed and imprisoned by treacherous court official Wang Zhen for remonstrating politics, and came to the door of imperial academy with a cangue. Shen? He was indignant and advocated that all the students in the Sixth Museum should go to the school to save the teacher. Although the same-sex teachers love to fight against injustice, the students in the Sixth Hall are afraid of Wang Zhen's great potential and being implicated, so they have to apply? With Shida, I use mallets and drums to show that I can't afford it, and I am willing to die in my place. Deeply moved, Ming Yingzong pardoned Li Shimin and let his officials stay. Shen? The capital is famous for saving the teacher. Nine years of orthodoxy, Shen? Jinshi, taking the Beijing exam,/kloc-an official at the age of 0/9. During his tenure, he just admired his integrity and courage a little. Shen? He is knowledgeable and attaches importance to cultivating talents. Every time he visits the state capital, he will gather local students, teach classics and history, answer questions and improve the quality of local talents.

In the fourteenth year of orthodoxy (1449), the Waci army invaded on a large scale, the border was tight, and urgent documents came to Beijing one after another, and the court was in a panic. Under the hostage of the powerful minister Wang Zhen, Yingzong "personally expedition". Shen? As a famous examiner, I was ordered to follow this sign. The Ming army was besieged by the Waci army in Tumubao (now Huailai County, Hebei Province), and was defeated by more than half, and there was no way to escape. At this critical juncture, Shen? Starting from the overall situation, in order to protect the safety of the emperor, put on dragon clothes and use jade to lure the enemy. The Waci army thought that Yingzong had fled to kill him, Shen? Being a martyr to his country, he was only 24 years old, which is called "the change of civil fort" in history. In the first year of Jingtai (1450), loyalty was praised. Those who died for their country praised the play, and he solemnly said, "People die, and those who die in state affairs are honored." He was posthumously awarded Wen Linlang. "And ordered to use five methods to push grace and his father, mother, wife and son. In the tenth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (153 1), Guo Honghua, the governor of Guizhou, ordered Sinanfu and Wuchuan to offer sacrifices.

Shen? Life stories are recorded in Ming History, Jiajing Annals of Sinan House and Daoguang Annals of Sinan House. There is a special article in China Celebrity Dictionary published in modern times.

plum

Li, the word (1605~ 1649), is from Chenxi, Fuyang, Wuchuan County. Born in the thirty-third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1605). Smart since childhood, diligent and studious. When I was a teenager, I traveled to Sichuan to study. Young and frail, I am an international student in China, and I am eating. Li's three younger brothers are all his personal disciples. At that time, it was called "one school with four children". In the fifteenth year of Chongzhen (1642), Li was thirty-nine, and went to Guiyang to take part in Renwu Township Examination, ranking 27th. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the government was corrupt and the society was in turmoil. He lived in seclusion and was determined to train his children to become talents. So I began to go to school and teach in the court. He has five sons, the eldest son is Li Shihuochang, who was the 13th juren of Ji Youke in the eighth year of Kangxi (1669), the magistrate of Mahu Prefecture in Sichuan, and the salt tea ambassador of salt law prefecture in Jiading (now Leshan). The second son Li Huokun, in the fifty-first year of Kangxi, paid tribute at the age of Renchen, and the third son Sok Li Huojie, in the forty-seventh year of Kangxi (1708), was a clerk in the Chinese book, but he was not an official; The fourth son, Sok Li Huokui, was a juren in the 29th year of Kangxi (1690), a professor of Confucianism in Guan Qing Langya (now incorporated into Zhenyuan) and Sizhou (now Cengong); The fifth son Li Shihuo, in the first year of Yongzheng (1723), was a juror for thirteen members of Guimao family. He was an official in Maha Prefecture (now Majiang) and a professor in Anshun Prefecture. All five sons passed the imperial examination, which was praised as the "five-son joint examination".

In the first year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1644), he occupied Guiyang, and when he heard that Li was capable, he sent envoys to his home and invited him to perform military service. Li thought it was expected that the mob would clash with each other, and it was difficult to achieve great things, so he declined.

In the 12th year of Kangxi (1673), Wu Sangui, king of the day, rose up against the Qing Dynasty, occupied Guiyang in December, and sent envoys back to their hometown as aides. Li kowtowed, pretended to be crazy, and flatly refused. I am willing to stay in the countryside coldly and happily.

In the thirty-third year of Kangxi (1694), Li died of illness at the age of 90.

Cai yuguang

Cai Yuguang (1802~ 1884),No. Rongxuan, was born in Wuchuan County. Born in the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802), I was diligent since childhood and determined to learn. In the early years of Daoguang, he was accepted as a disciple and ate. Later, he went to the north and was hired as the mentor of Zhu Shuzhi, the governor of grain transportation. In the twenty-sixth year of Daoguang (1846), he participated in the rural examination of Bingwuke in Shuntianfu (now Beijing) and won the 28th place in the Northern Wei Dynasty. After returning to my hometown in Wuchuan, I studied hard, kept books, read widely, and often studied medicine. During the Xianfeng period, Cai Yuguang tried to go north alone, but failed repeatedly and stayed in Beijing.

Tongzhi for three years (1864), the official department chose Gansu Province as the magistrate. Just entered the province, was ordered to do liangdang county magistrate of a county, promoted to Pingliang Prefecture magistrate. Soon, Guyuan mutinied, Pingliang was robbed, and Cai Yuguang almost died. The provincial patrol sympathized with its difficulties and changed it to Ning County and Zhi County. Cai Yuguang is fair in handling affairs and is called "Cai Qingtian".

In the first year of Guangxu (1875), Gansu held Cohen township examination, and transferred Cai Yuguang as invigilator. After the twelfth lunar month, he was transferred to Jinxian County. In the second year of Guangxu, Cohen managed to transfer to Beijing to serve as the reading officer of Empress Dowager Cixi. When the task was completed, all my colleagues said, "It's very beautiful." Cai Yuguang said, "It's okay to be poor. I just want to keep the shirt on my sleeve. Why bother hurting Guan Hai?" Cai Yuguang has been an official in Gansu for 12 years, and he is still uncorrupted.

Guangxu three years (1877), 75 years old, retired to his hometown. He served as the dean of Wuchuan Wenfu Academy (later renamed luo feng Academy) for five years. After living at home, he volunteered to treat the villagers and engage in folk medicine. People call him "a Confucian scholar and an upright doctor".

Cai Yuguang died at home on September 25th in the 10th year of Guangxu (1884) at the age of 82.

Shen

Shen (? ~ 1883), word Nanping,No. Nanyuan, a native of Wuchuan County, was once a Daoguang juren in A Qing. When Shen was a child, his family was poor, his parents were weak and sick, and he was attached to his uncle Shen Yunhou for a long time, even the cost of studying. After Shen was admitted as a scholar, his uncle unfortunately fell ill and died. The burden of family life is borne by Shen. Shen works hard, and his family gets better every year. In the 29th year of Daoguang (1849), he went to the provincial capital, got the provincial examination and won the imperial examination. Because there was no one at home, he resolutely went home to support his parents and raise his sons and nephews.

Deeply informed, I deeply believe that Wuchuan has a long history and established the county very early. It's a pity that no one edited the county annals to record the county situation. He actively collected local historical materials, and two grandchildren (Sun Shenbofu) edited Nanyuan Chronicle (manuscript) in three volumes, with about 70,000 words. In the chronicle, he said, "Many people are famous for their martial arts. It's just that the county annals have been in disrepair for more than a thousand years, which has led to well-documented celebrities in the county annals. They were also stolen from other counties and handed down by later generations, but no one exposed their mistakes ... so the rest were revised according to ancient books, with appendices attached. I hope those who compile county annals can learn from it. Nanyuan Chronicle is rich in content, involving astronomy, geography, architecture, food, officials, schools, military equipment, figures, art and literature, and so on. It is a valuable information reflecting the situation in Wuchuan County.

Gong laifa

Gong Laifa (1862- 1995), born in Maotian, Wuchuan, 1862 was born in Anjiatuo, Shijiangping, Wuchuan. When he was half a year old, his father was unable to support him because his family was poor. He was given help to make Ling his son. He just turned 10, and his husband and wife died one after another. Gong Laifa lost his life and ran to the hillside to live on wild fruits and vegetables. He lived as a savage for four years. He is used to walking barefoot in the mountains. Looking for food outside during the day and sleeping in caves or trees at night. With black hair all over his body, people call him "Little Savage". /kloc-at the age of 0/4, Xiang Li of Dabangling was short of labor, so he went up the mountain to find Gong Laifa and asked him to work at home. Gong Laifa went to Li Xiang's house and ended his life as a barbarian. Gong Laifa is hardworking and honest at home. Xiang Liqian has given birth to three boys, and they have a bumper harvest every year. Xiang Liqian sincerely likes Gong Laifa. By the time Xiang Li was in his sixties, he had children and grandchildren and a happy family. On his deathbed, he left his last words to future generations: "When Gong comes to my home, my family will be rich. He is everyone's old man. No matter when he lives, he should be well supported. " Gong Laifa has lived in Xiang's family for seven generations and has been filial to him from generation to generation. Everyone in the village calls him "Lao Zu".

Gong Laifa has been a farmer all his life and is unmarried. He doesn't drink or take medicine and likes to smoke local cigarettes. His bamboo cigarette rod has been with him 100 years. I used to eat corn rice, and I ate rice and corn bibimbap in my later years. He is cheerful, loves to talk and laugh, and especially likes to sing folk songs. His village is surrounded by mountains on three sides and has dense forests. There are large bamboo forests in front of and behind the houses of the villagers.

The China Municipal Committee on Aging and the Organizing Committee of' 93 National Action for Caring for the Elderly won the title of "King of China's Longevity" at the age of 13 1993, and awarded certificates and "Golden Chair" trophies. Since then, journalists from newspapers, periodicals, radio stations and TV stations all over the country have gone to Maotian to make special reports.

Yichun Tea Factory in Suning County, Hebei Province hired Gong Laifa as honorary director and gave 200 yuan a monthly living allowance; Wuchuan State-owned Distillery was hired as honorary director, and 200 yuan received a monthly life pension. He said excitedly: "I have experienced several dynasties in my life, and none of them are as good as now." Thanks to the great kindness of the producer! "

Gong Laifa died of hepatitis at home on 1 March, 1995 at the age of 133.

Shen shangxian

Shen Shangxian (1909~ 1996), pen name Shousheng, was born in Wuchuan County. At the age of six, he began to study in a private school. 65,438+06 years old, went to Guiyang and was admitted to No.1 Middle School. In the Republic of China 18 (1929), he went to Beiping and was admitted to Huiwen Middle School to attend high school. After several exams in Peking University, he achieved excellent results in Chinese, but failed to meet the standards in mathematics. The professor of Peking University College of Literature sympathized with him and specially accepted him as an auditor. "Just a little? In the "Nine-Year" student patriotic movement, Shen Shangxian took an active part in demonstrations in Peking University. Apart from listening to a few more classes in Peking University, I spent the whole day studying in the library. 1933 In the second half of the year, Shen Shangxian began his literary creation, and his articles were published under the pseudonym Shousheng in Independent Review, Chinese Weekly and Peking University Ballad Weekly. Many papers, novels, poems and other articles published in Independent Review were praised by celebrities and scholars at that time.

He Guangyu thinks that Shousheng's novels are not inferior to those of Sichuan and Li. Hunan novels of the same kind in the same period as Ren, Shen Congwen and Li.

1937 "July 7th" Lugouqiao Incident, Beiping fell, and Shen Shangxian returned to his hometown, where he actively publicized the anti-Japanese national salvation, spread new ideas and new cultures, and advocated sports activities. 1940 teacher of Tuanchuan Middle School, 1942 member of Tuanchuan Middle School. Because he exposed the unhealthy trend, the county party Committee and the county government suspected him, and he took refuge in the countryside. 1944 Autumn, Wuchuan Middle School added a high school and was hired to teach. 1947 was hired by Guiyang Tsinghua middle school to teach. On the eve of liberation, I returned to Wuchuan and still lived in the countryside. Wuchuan joined the revolutionary work after liberation, and first taught in the school. 195 1 He was appointed as the deputy section chief of the Culture and Education Department of the County People's Government, and later served as the section chief of the Civil Affairs Department and the Agriculture Department. 1956~ 1966 was elected as the deputy county magistrate. 198 1~ 1987 was elected as the deputy director of the county people's congress standing Committee. During the period, 198 1~ 1987 served as the fourth and fifth members of the Guizhou Provincial Political Consultative Conference.