Relations and differences among MRP, MRP Ⅱ, ERP, CIMS, concurrent engineering, lean manufacturing, JIT and agile manufacturing. And what are their respective concerns?

Material requirements planning. It is a material demand planning system with material planner or inventory manager as the core, and its coverage is only material management.

MRP: Manufacturing resource planning is an advanced modern enterprise management mode, which aims to rationally allocate the manufacturing resources of enterprises, including finance, materials, production, supply, sales and other factors, so as to give full play to its effectiveness, enable enterprises to win advantages in the fierce market competition, and thus obtain the best economic benefits.

ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) refers to a management platform which is based on information technology and provides decision-making operation means for enterprise decision makers and employees with systematic management ideas.

Concurrent engineering is a systematic method and comprehensive technology for parallel and integrated processing of products and their related processes (including manufacturing process and supporting process).

Lean manufacturing includes just-in-time (JIT), constraint theory (TOC), lean production and agile manufacturing, etc., and supplements the Six Sigma with the goal of reducing errors. Lean manufacturing mainly focuses on customer's value-added projects, reduces production waste and advocates the method of continuous improvement of production process.

JIT: The basic idea of just-in-time production mode can be summarized as "producing the required products according to the required quantity when needed", that is, pursuing a production system with no inventory or minimum inventory through production planning control and inventory management.

The purpose of agile manufacturing can be summarized as: "integrating flexible production technology, skilled and knowledgeable labor force and flexible management (three elements) that can promote cooperation within and between enterprises, and making rapid response to rapidly changing market demand and market reality through established infrastructure". From this goal, we can see that agile manufacturing actually mainly includes three elements: production technology, management and human resources.