What are the public policy innovations to promote industrial upgrading?

Public policy innovations to promote industrial upgrading include

(a) Ways of direct subsidies

The government can support some projects through a large amount of public expenditure, such as stimulating private sector innovation activities. As far as the government's direct support for R&D activities is concerned, it is mainly direct subsidy. The government directly provides funds to public research institutions or private institutions for basic and applied research, or subsidizes enterprises engaged in commercial research.

It is generally believed that direct government subsidies are not conducive to enterprise research and development; Expenditure has a positive impact. The reason why the government chooses to directly subsidize enterprises or projects is often because it thinks that these enterprises are bound by the capital market. In addition, it is necessary to innovate the support system and methods of direct subsidy and improve the efficiency of the use of subsidy funds.

Tax incentives

At present, the restriction of China's tax policy on industrial upgrading is mainly reflected in the lack of programmatic authoritative laws and regulations to promote industrial upgrading. Some existing tax policies are not conducive to industrial upgrading, and tax preferential policies are ex post facto and discriminatory. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing tax policy and better serve the industrial upgrading, mainly by doing the following:

1. Further improve the preferential tax policies for industrial upgrading. The relevant state departments should proceed from the overall situation and height of national economic development and formulate programmatic preferential tax policies to promote industrial upgrading. At the same time, we will further improve the relevant preferential tax policies, simplify the conditions of preferential policies, and take more direct and clear ways in advance, such as deducting costs and income, so that most enterprises in the same industry can enjoy it, so that high-tech enterprises can really reduce their burdens, get support, get benefits and accelerate their development.

2. Continue to implement the tax reduction policy. Under the condition of ensuring the stability of the country's basic fiscal revenue, we will promote the structural tax reduction policy and, if feasible, comprehensively reduce taxes. The reduction of income includes not only tax reduction, but also the reduction of non-tax income such as fees and funds. Reducing revenue can reduce the burden on enterprises, make them go into battle easily and enhance their vitality. Reducing income will inevitably increase financial pressure, but the benefits of tax reduction are also obvious. The enhancement of enterprise competitiveness and the increase of per capita disposable income will eventually promote economic growth and increase fiscal revenue.

(C) improve the government procurement policy

1, adjust policies and regulations. We should fully consider the adjustment work to be done after the traditional government procurement policy is extended to emerging industries.

2. Actively explore new mechanisms and new models. Actively explore the mechanism and mode of government procurement to support emerging industries. We can try to straighten out some problems in the development of related emerging industries with the help of government procurement.

(4) Improve the supporting measures for the implementation of public policies.

1. While strengthening government policies, we mainly rely on the mechanism and role of the market.

2. Strengthen intellectual property protection. Enterprises should strengthen independent innovation and actively promote technological transformation. Independent innovation is a process that needs long-term stable accumulation, and naturally needs stable and reasonable external rule of law and policy guarantee. To upgrade the industry, it is more important to upgrade and improve the overall public policy environment.

3. Improve relevant policies, promote enterprises to be embedded in the global production network, and realize upgrading.