Methodology of Experiential Training

The case study method, also known as the case study method, was developed by Harvard University in 1980. The case study method was first used as an educational technique for senior managers and business policy related educational practices, and then borrowed by many companies to become an important method of employee training.

In 1998, the story of China Haier Group's successful merger with the former Qingdao Red Star Electrical Appliance Factory was written into the Harvard case, namely "Haier Culture Activates Shock Fish", and Haier, as the first Chinese enterprise to be included in the case of Harvard University Business School's Harvard textbook, created a precedent for China's enterprise management science cases to go global. After analyzing the case, people were surprised to find that after the merger came into effect, the first group of people sent by Haier did not come from the finance department, but from the enterprise culture center. The first thing they preached was the corporate culture and management model, not the amount of investment or profitability. The momentary gains and losses on the books are not in their vision, but the long-term value of the enterprise is their foothold. Corporate culture, by many domestic and foreign enterprises to the position of the most important.

It is not difficult to see that the case study method is to take the actual work of the problem as a case, to the trainee to study and analyze, so as to train the trainee's analytical ability, judgment, problem solving and implementation of business capacity of a training method. Applicable training targets include: new employees, managers, management cadres and reserve personnel. The training is mainly conducted in the way of meeting and discussion. Brainstorming method, also known as intellectual stimulation method, BS (Brain Storming) method, was first proposed by the founder of modern creativity, American scholar Alex Osborne in 1939, and formally published in 1953. It is a method of organizing small meetings to allow all participants to freely exchange ideas or thoughts in a free and pleasant atmosphere of free speech, and in this way stimulate the creativity and inspiration of the participants, so that all kinds of visions in the mutual collision of creative "storm" in the mind. It is suitable for solving relatively simple and strictly defined problems, such as product names, advertising slogans, sales methods, product diversification research, and industries that require a lot of ideas and creativity, such as advertising.

The 14th floor conference room of Huali Group's headquarter is conducting a training program for middle and senior managers on "Finding Success Factors of Enterprises". The teacher introduced the rules of the game as follows:

First, the stage of expressing opinions. Each person speaks freely on the topic of discussion and presents his or her own reasons and evidence. Each person may not speak for more than three minutes, and may not interrupt when others are speaking. If you feel that you cannot express yourself clearly and completely in the time allotted, you may wait until everyone else has finished speaking before adding to the conversation. Each person's opinion will be recorded on the board.

Second, the free comment stage. Comment as much as you like on the ideas written on the board, and limit each person's speech to five minutes. It is very important that you comment only on the ideas, not on individuals, and not on personal attacks.

Third, the decision-making stage. Prior to the discussion, each person will be given a piece of film, which we have cut into four small pieces. During the voting stage, please come up in order and put stickers on the points you agree with. You can put all four stickers on one point at a time, or you can put them on separately. Then we summarize them to form a basic ranking of our values.

After a collective vote, five key success factors were selected using the group decision-making method, in the following order: outstanding business leaders; the ability to grasp opportunities and policies; market-centered management approach; the spirit of continuous pursuit of progress; and timely introspection and decisive adjustments in the face of adversity.

Brainstorming method, general staff, managers, supervisors, leaders and cadres can participate in the use of brainstorming there are four major principles:

- prohibited to comment on the good or bad of other people's ideas;

- the most arrogant imaginations are the most popular;

- the weight of the quality of the quality, that is, in order to explore the largest number of inspirations, any kind of idea can be accepted;

- encouraging the use of other people's ideas;

- encourage the use of other people's ideas;

- to encourage the use of other people's ideas.

-Encourage the use of other people's inspirations to be imagined, varied, combined, etc. in order to stimulate more and newer inspirations.

In the face of complex inventions and diversified problems involving decision-making, the brainstorming method of "speaking freely" often shows unexpected power. Mr. Zhang has been running the Hongyun Restaurant in Beijing for three years. Although it cannot be said that it is a large-scale restaurant, with hard work and clear ideas, customers come in every day, and the business is very prosperous. One month from the Spring Festival, New Year's Eve family dinner pre-order has reached the restaurant's saturation capacity of 2 / 3. But Zhang boss is a very disturbing thing, that is, the chef master He, when the store was opened, the Zhang boss is a three-guessed the master He invited the beginning of the two people to work together well, the Zhang boss respect for the master He masters, He masters are also very hard work, but the days are over, the problem has slowly become apparent. Master He had a lot of authority among the second and third cooks, and he took good care of the cooks below him, and they all listened to him. Master He was often late for work, drinking during working hours, even to the point of blatantly taking things from the kitchen, and was caught face to face by Mr. Zhang a few times, but Master He did not have the slightest intention of restraining himself, self-assured that he had a masterpiece of craftsmanship and special qualifications, and did not quite take Mr. Zhang in his eyes, and he came to Mr. Zhang to propose to the boss that he wanted to go back to his hometown to spend the Chinese New Year because he had not been home since he came out with Mr. Zhang and did not intend to do his job at Mr. Zhang's shop if he did not approve it. If he didn't approve, he would not work in Mr. Zhang's store anymore. Mr. Zhang thought that this was a tricky problem, with so many orders, what would happen if the chef left? Coupled with a series of long-standing backlog of problems, so decided to talk to Master He, first explore his bottom, and then decide what to do next. To see if there is a possibility of improving relations, after all, the Spring Festival is approaching, but ultimately the store is the boss of Zhang, long-term so subject to others is not a thing ah. Unconsciously came to the agreed place, Zhang boss saw He master waving to himself ......

This is the people and the Huili company in the national catering industry in the president of the class training in a scenario simulation, in the training classroom, students have to play the role of Zhang bosses and He masters to talk. All students should give evaluation, and finally the teacher should comment. Scenario simulation is a new training mode to avoid the traditional training mode only focuses on knowledge transfer and can not achieve the shortcomings of the ability to convert and a new training mode, the basic process is: through the teacher to explain the methods and principles and the trainees to study the case, the actual exercise, students and teachers together with the feedback, and repeated, to achieve continuous improvement of the ability to work in the workplace.

This method is more and more widely used in management-related training. In comparison, the unidirectional theory instilled in the past is more like a paper exercise. Instead, we feel that this kind of simulation and role-playing approach is closer to the workplace, and that the teacher's comments on our own shortcomings are more inspirational to solving practical work problems. Especially in the special profession of pilots, simulation training has become an essential skill training before flying an airplane. In a financial management course, participants were grouped together to run several mediocre businesses. Business is divided into a number of business cycles, each cycle to go through three stages:

(I ) develop and implement a business plan (including purchasing equipment and raw materials, hiring employees, obtaining payments, researching competitors, analyzing pricing, etc.);

competition to the end, some companies can not return to the sky, bankruptcy and liquidation; some companies struggling to support the mediocrity of the same; and some companies have saved the day and The company has been in a position to make a difference.

"Is this something that training can accomplish? "Indeed, it can. Only the overall operation of the enterprise is displayed on the sand table: operating sites, fixed equipment, products, raw materials, cash flow, accounts receivable, bank loans, accounts payable, wages, administrative costs, marketing, interest, taxes payable and other financial indicators of the operation is to move the "chips" and special props to show. The impact of your decisions on the overall financial situation of the enterprise will be shown on the sand table. Sand table simulation through the simulation of enterprise system operation, so that the trainee in the leading "enterprise" management activities in the training process to experience gains and losses, summarize the successes and failures, and then

Comprehension of the laws of scientific management, to improve the ability to manage, with a strong experiential, interactive, real combat.

The common sand table simulation courses are: enterprise comprehensive operation sand table simulation, enterprise management decision and strategy sand table simulation, financial management sand table simulation, marketing skills and customer management sand table simulation, marketing management sand table simulation. During the Second World War, the Allied fleet was often sunk by Nazi submarines, and it was amazing that those who were able to drift in the sea for several days or even weeks and eventually survived were not the young people with the best physical ability, but the middle-aged people with the strongest will. It is the middle-aged who are the most determined, because they have more experience and courage to cope with difficulties than the young. Success did not depend on great physical strength, but on great strength of will. Based on this idea, the Allied Forces set up an outreach training school to train Special Forces soldiers in the courage, attitude and will to face desperate situations.

After World War II, the unique idea of outreach training and the way it was done turned to the business elite, who saw that the qualities it fostered were the very essence of what a company stood for. The training is mainly carried out outdoors, making full use of nature's real danger, highly interactive, the scene of a profound meaning, so that participants in the response to the challenge of refining the will, temperament, perfect personality, melting team, so as to achieve attitudes, outlook on life and team spirit and other aspects of the enhancement. In outreach training, the trainees are the real protagonists because it is an introspective learning method. What we trainers need to do is to better guide the participants to participate. This kind of training makes the intimacy between trainees reach an unprecedented level, and when extended to the actual work of the enterprise, it cultivates a good corporate culture and team spirit. The following is a university MBA students in the development of training in the feelings.

"In all the training, I was most impressed by the program "Over the Survival Wall". In fact, I am afraid of heights, sometimes stand in a higher place on the dizzy, and survival wall is more than 3.8 meters high, and there is no insurance measures, when we walked to the training site are talking, so high wall to go over is really very difficult. At first, we all came up with some ideas, such as using a bamboo pole to prop up the wall, but the assistant instructor replied that we could not use any props. In the end, we agreed to use the method of building a human ladder, with one person standing on the left and one person standing on the right, stepping on their shoulders to go up, and the person who climbed up first would then use his hands to pull the person below him to come up. When it was my turn, I secretly encouraged myself to be brave. When I stepped on the shoulders of the team members, there were several pairs of big and strong hands behind me on my back and hips, which made me feel that there was a force supporting me, and I felt a sense of security that I had never felt before, and I was also full of courage, "Stand up straight and move your body upwards," shouted the other team members. In the other team members shouting, I put my hand to the team members who received me above, they held my arm hard and lifted me up, when all the people turned over the survival wall brilliantly, the cheers made me know that we had completed the task brilliantly. From the whole process of this single training, I experienced panic - brave - the process of victory, after the success of the heart have indescribable happiness. From this can also be seen, the human potential is the need to tap, to create conditions, looking for opportunities to expand the training program for people's physical requirements are not high, more of a challenge to the human psyche, but also will be able to understand and experience it is a let everyone in the mind and spirit of a new transcendence, to re-understand their own, understanding of life's activities, you will find that the human potential is really huge. This training program tells us that there is no such thing as an impossible challenge to oneself, and that we should not say "no" so easily, and that we should reacquaint ourselves with our own selves and transcend our own selves. Only if all the people are united and act in an organized way, can we successfully complete the goal."

Development training is not only limited to nature, but also presented in a more colorful form. For example, the real market, let the students in the market, from which the experience of learning sales, communication and other business behavior. And then, for example, let the people who do not know the music to form a symphony orchestra, and so on.