Traditional colored porcelain "plain tricolor" is called "plain" because it doesn't need:

The definition of "plain tricolor" The word "plain tricolor" first appeared in Tao Ya, a lonely garden in the late Qing Dynasty: "Westerners use porcelain with three colors of Kangxi Huang, eggplant and cyan as plain tricolor", in which "three" represents the majority and has no specific meaning. Later, in the early years of the Republic of China, Xu Zhiheng also mentioned in "Drinking Liuzhai on Porcelain": "Eggplant, yellow and green are painted into patterns, which is called plain tricolor." The definition of "plain tricolor" in Cihai 1989 edition is: "The name of porcelain glaze color. Green, yellow and eggplant purple are painted on unglazed plain tires and fired. It began in the Zheng De period of the Ming Dynasty and lasted until the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. " In addition, there is another definition of "plain three-color porcelain" in ceramic circles, that is, "plain three-color porcelain is one of the glaze colors of porcelain, mainly yellow, green and purple. In fact, it is not limited to these three colors, but red is not used. Its manufacturing method is to fill the pattern with colored glaze on the plain porcelain tire fired at high temperature, and then fire at low temperature. Because the color is not red, it is named. " Seriously speaking, the word "Su Sancai" didn't have a strict definition at first, so it still has great generality. The word "vegetarian" in "vegetarian tricolor" can be summarized into two meanings: one is to use "vegetarian embryo" (also called "vegetarian embryo") for firing. "Plain tire" refers to a tire in which the ceramic green body has not been pre-baked before glazing. It can not only enhance the mechanical strength of the blank, make it not easy to be damaged during handling, but also prevent the blank from cracking due to soaking when glazing. For the above reasons, this process is often used in ceramic production. The other is that in ancient times, there was a saying that "red is flesh color and non-red is plain color". The color glaze used in this device is mainly "plain", hence the name. The early development of "plain tricolor" was in the Tang Dynasty, and a kind of low-temperature glaze for ceramic tires appeared, which was famous at home and abroad. Because the device mainly uses three colors: yellow, green and white, people began to call it "Tang Sancai" for short during the Republic of China. Then the proper nouns of similar products in different periods, such as Liao tricolor, Song tricolor, Ming tricolor and Qing tricolor, gradually appeared. If we look at the characteristics of "plain tricolor", it is not an exaggeration for some Tang tricolors to be called "Tang-Su tricolor". In this way, the early development of Su Sancai dates back at least to the Tang Dynasty. The tri-color products of the Ming Dynasty official kiln were developed on the basis of the tri-color products of the Tang and Song Dynasties, but with the improvement of porcelain firing technology, the imperial factory changed to plain-fired ceramic tires instead of the previous plain-fired ceramic tires. This change not only further increased the mechanical strength of the "plain tire", but also improved the exquisiteness of the finished product, which became the biggest difference between the three colors in Ming and Qing Dynasties and the three colors in Tang and Song Dynasties. Accordingly, we can further divide tricolor into two categories: tricolor pottery and tricolor porcelain. Jingdezhen Imperial Ware Factory has started firing all kinds of simple low-temperature composite glazed porcelain in Yongle Xuande period. There are two kinds of glass, usually called "green sauce color" or "yellow ground cyan", and the shapes are mainly bowls, plates, pots and other daily necessities. Until Chenghua period, similar products were still produced in large quantities. In order to clearly show the painting pattern, the body is basically divided by cone carving. Due to the unskilled firing process, there are relatively few products using more than three kinds of colored glazes. Chenghua tricolor duck smoked is one of the typical tricolor products in Ming Dynasty, which is composed of yellow, green, brown, dark green, peacock blue and other colored glazes. Subsequently, Wan Jia continued to produce tricolor, but the scale of glaze colors such as Doucai and Multicolor continued to expand, resulting in a relative decrease in tricolor production. 15, 16 century, Jingdezhen Imperial Factory also produced a large number of "Fahua" devices, also known as "Fahua" and "Fahua". Like the above-mentioned three colors, these objects are all made of plain tires fired at high temperature, then filled with glaze of blue, yellow, green, purple and white, and then fired at low temperature. No matter from the technological process or raw materials, it belongs to the category of plain color and tricolor. It is only because people emphasize its color too much in daily life that it is called "French flower", which seems to have no direct relationship with "plain and tricolor". Production and development of vegetarian tricolor in qing dynasty. Compared with the products of the Ming Dynasty, the traditional vegetarian tricolor production in the royal factory of the Qing Dynasty became more detailed and complicated. In the early Qing dynasty, some plain three-color porcelains were gradually outlined in black, rather than carved lines, and the pictures were much more refined. This change should be the result of summing up and improving the colorful porcelain paintings of Imperial Factory. Therefore, the three-color products in the Qing Dynasty are more diverse, some of which continue the tradition of the Ming Imperial Factory, taking engraving as the dividing line, and some of which do not interfere with other glass patterns and coexist and prosper together. What needs to be mentioned here is that many white glazes in Kangxisu tricolor products show different degrees of yellow tone. It is said that because the firing is not ideal, the white glaze can not achieve the expected ideal effect. 2. Innovative Tricolor During the Kangxi period, a new tricolor outlined in black appeared in the imperial factory, which was probably an innovative variety obtained by the porcelain makers at that time by drawing lessons from the colorful porcelain painting style. The biggest change of Su Sancai in Qing Dynasty was that craftsmen in imperial factories actively cited emerging famille rose when making traditional Su Sancai and developed a combiner of Su Sancai and famille rose. This kind of utensils even use carmine (that is, the color of meat), which makes the "three colors" even more unworthy of the name. This paper compares plain tricolor, multicolor and bucket color in Ming and Qing Dynasties with multicolor and bucket color in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Plain tricolor is to hang low-temperature colored glaze on plain tire, and multicolor and bucket color are to coat colored glaze on glazed tire. Secondly, plain three-color patterns are mostly represented by cone carving, and the process is slightly rough (except for the combination of "plain three-color" and "pastel"), while multicolor and barrel colors are outlined in black and blue, and the patterns are particularly delicate. So at the same time, colorful product artistic attainments are better than tricolor. Summary According to the evolution of the above-mentioned three-color porcelain in Ming and Qing Dynasties, it can be seen that it developed slowly in Yongxuan Jade Factory in the early Ming Dynasty and formed a large scale in Chenghua years. Subsequently, the innovation and popularization of Doucai and multicolored porcelain once made it lose its advantage. At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the production of Kangxi Imperial Ware Factory pushed it to a climax, and during Yongzheng period, it even innovated with other emerging colored porcelain techniques. In the historical stage of the continuous progress of various ceramic techniques, "Su Sancai" has been gradually reformed and updated after several ups and downs.