China ancient architecture 500 words.

Speaking of China's ancient architecture culture combined with this internship in Beijing, this paper takes the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven and the Summer Palace as examples to talk about personal understanding.

Some big houses in China's ancient buildings not only extend longitudinally along the central axis in units of courtyards, but also extend laterally on both sides of the central axis. Of course, the styles of these buildings are inseparable from regional differences and historical culture. The ancient courtyard design in Beijing is ingenious, exquisite in craftsmanship and grand in scale. There is a courtyard in the courtyard, and there is a courtyard in the courtyard, with clear priorities. Hanging on the top of the mountain, resting on the top of the mountain, the roof is rolled up, and the hard roof has different shapes.

In the cultural history of China, the pre-Qin Confucianists paid the most attention to rules, and talking about rules meant talking about Fiona Fang. Confucian cultural view attaches great importance to the main features of interpersonal rules, which is very obvious in China's architectural culture. In the ancient architecture of China, in order to emphasize the Confucian "respect for the center" and strict hierarchy, the planes are often symmetrically and evenly arranged with the central axis as the center. Although this architectural culture has long passed, it is a good embodiment of architectural culture to some extent. As far as the Forbidden City and the Temple of Heaven are concerned, the cultural embodiment of the central axis is strong, because both of them are places for the activities of the Emperor of Heaven. Besides the Forbidden City and the Temple of Heaven, another good example is the Wang Family Courtyard, which is a closed courtyard as a whole. The overall plan of the house is rectangular, and only the south end is equipped with the castle gate, which is the only exit of Hong Men Castle. Entering the fort, there is a main street in the north-south direction that divides the fort into two parts, and each part has three east-west alleys that divide the house into four rows. A street in the north and south and two alleys in the east and west just form a "king". And as far as I know, there is a double "hi" in the internal building structure of the famous Qiao Family Courtyard. This involves the historicity and artistry of architectural culture, and embodies a design concept and appreciation view of the ancients. As far as the relationship between heaven and man and the relationship between entity and space embodied in China's architecture is concerned, the beauty of ancient buildings in China is a vague beauty, and as far as the abstract meaning of the spatial image of China's architecture is concerned, the beauty lies in symbols. The rockery in the famous building "Suzhou Museum" is also out of this concept, which blurs the aesthetic feeling and symbol. At the same time, the change and unity, balance and stability, proportion and scale, rhythm and rhythm of architectural beauty are also fully reflected.

When appreciating the beauty of the spatial image of China's ancient buildings, one thing often attracts everyone's attention, that is, buildings, whether individuals or groups, often have a strong central axis plane layout. The beauty of the central axis of the building is a cultural recognition of the concept of "China". I'm afraid many people don't know that the original meaning of "China" refers to architecture. Maybe I know that CHINA stands for porcelain, but I don't know what China means. China-"People who live in the world". Middle finger position, this country, Oracle Bone Inscriptions for () is like a person holding Agger guarding a field. The Chinese character "Guo" is traditionally from the mouth or "Guo", and the mouth refers to the original word of an area or domain around it. A country refers to the spatial environment built by means of architecture around it.

As an example of ancient architecture in China, the Temple of Heaven shows China people's world view-a round place. This concept continues in large buildings, such as the contrast between the Bird's Nest and the Water Cube. In fact, the word "universe" in China's ancient meaning also refers to architecture, eaves and columns.

As I have said before, China has a strict Confucian hierarchy, so the halls and rooms in the courtyards of the Forbidden City are graded according to their seniority, and there are other feudal etiquette patterns inside and outside. From the perspective of space permeability, the cold weather in the north needs to keep warm, and because of the introverted national cultural character, it is the most typical in the northern residential buildings. Therefore, the houses represented by Beijing Siheyuan are very closed.

As far as the essence of art is concerned, there are several theories: the theory of objective spirit, the theory of subjective spirit, representative theories and the theory of reproduction. Objective spiritualism holds that art is the embodiment of "theory" or objective "cosmic spirit". I think in the planning and construction of ancient buildings in China, the builder's world outlook or some artistic pursuit is also expressed. Although Confucianism has always ruled the feudal society, I personally think that Taoist culture has been influencing people in a long history, otherwise there will be no people who are eager to become immortals or live forever. Personally, I think the words attached to buildings are actually symbols, recording or expressing long-term intentions. From the perspective of Laozi, the basic philosophical meaning of Tao has three meanings: first, the foundation and starting point of the innate existence and generation of all things; Second, its nature is inaction, and everything is done because of inaction; Third, its ontology is secret and unchangeable, which can only be understood and unspeakable. What I want to say here is that the third "hidden constant" Taoism pays attention to "death is like life", and I think architecture can also be used as a carrier of "regeneration". Otherwise, there wouldn't be so many emperors doing construction at all costs. Because those buildings are the foundation and carrier of their celebrity history.

I want to talk about the general components of ancient buildings in China from the bottom up.

Tai Chi ancient buildings in China attach great importance to abutment, and regard abutment, wall and roof as three major components of the building. It is recorded in the Hall of Qinghui that the foundation of buildings with three or more official ranks is two feet high, and that of buildings with four or less official ranks is one foot high. The pawn in the Forbidden City is the highest level, which is also determined by the national and historical times.

Road. Take the Temple of Heaven in the Forbidden City as an example. A wide and flat avenue is grounded and goes straight into the sky, showing the status and power of the emperor.

Pillar. As mentioned earlier, the abutment, wall and roof are the three major components of ancient architecture in China. But the height of the column determines the height of the building, and the position of the column determines the width and depth of the house. When it comes to pillars, we have to mention the arch that China people are proud of. Bucket arch is a unique part of ancient architecture in China. It consists of many small parts without nails. As far as ethical function is concerned, Dougong is a symbol of moral taste and hierarchy in China feudal society in architectural culture. Moreover, only people with a certain status will have a bucket arch building.

Doors. There are doors around the Temple of Heaven in the Forbidden City, but the four buildings have different settings, which also adds charm to the courtyard. Of course, the purpose of the door here is the same as that of other places. I'm not sure if there is a grade requirement for doors.

Windows. The main purpose of window construction is to meet the needs of ventilation and lighting, while others are mainly decorative. In the ancient culture of China, "looking at the window" was an uncivilized behavior. The nobility of a window is to let people through.