What kinds of project management mode

Corresponding to this, the construction project management mode is also constantly developing, there are currently seven main project management mode.

One, DBB mode

That is, the design-bid-build (Design-Bid-Build) mode, which is one of the most traditional engineering project management mode. The management model is most common in the international community, the World Bank, ADB loan projects and projects based on the International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) conditions of contract are mostly used in this model. Its most prominent feature is that it emphasizes that the implementation of engineering projects must be carried out in a sequential manner in accordance with the design-bidding-construction mode, and that only after the completion of one phase can another phase begin. China's first use of the World Bank loan project --

Lubuge hydropower plant project is the implementation of this model.

The advantages of this mode are strong generality, free choice of consulting, design and supervision parties, and all parties are familiar with the use of standard contract text, which is conducive to contract management, risk management and reduction of investment. The disadvantage is that the project will be handed over to the owner only after three stages of planning, design and construction, and the project cycle is long; the owner's management costs are high, and the initial investment is large; and the change is easy to cause more claims.

Two, CM mode that construction - management (

Construction-Management

) mode, also known as the stage of the contracting method, that is, in the use of fast-track method of construction, from the beginning of the stage of employing the construction experience of the CM unit to participate in the implementation of the construction process, in order to provide designers with the construction of advice and then responsible for the management of the construction process. The CM is hired from the beginning of the construction process to advise the designers on construction and then to manage the construction process. This model changes the traditional model of bidding only after the design is completed and adopts a phased approach to contracting, with the owner, the CM unit and the design unit forming a joint team*** responsible for organizing and managing the planning, design and construction of the project, while the CM unit is responsible for supervising, coordinating and managing the project, and meets regularly with the contractor during the construction phase to supervise the cost, quality and progress and to predict and monitor changes in cost and progress. Predict and monitor changes in cost and progress.CM model, originated in the United States in the 1960s, has been widely popular in foreign countries since the 1980s, and its biggest advantage is that it can shorten the cycle of the project from planning, design to completion, save construction investment, reduce investment risk, and can be relatively early to obtain returns.

Three, DBM mode

That is, the design-build mode (

Design-Build Method

), is determined in the principle of the project, the owner only selected the only entity responsible for the project's design and construction, the design-build contractors are not only responsible for the cost of the design phase, and can be used in a competitive bidding process. The design-build contractor is not only responsible for the costs of the design phase, but can also select subcontractors or use its own professional staff to complete the project, including design and construction. The Design-Build Contractor is not only responsible for the cost of the design phase, but can also select subcontractors through competitive bidding or use its own professionals to complete the project, including design and construction. In this way, the owner first choose a professional consulting agency instead of the owner to study, develop the basic requirements of the proposed project, authorize a person with sufficient professional knowledge and management ability as the owner's representative, and design - construction contractor contact.

Four, BOT mode

that is, Build-Operate-Transfer (

Build-Operate-Transfer

) mode. BOT mode is the 1980s in foreign countries, the emergence of a kind of government infrastructure projects rely on private capital, a kind of financing, construction of project management, or the privatization of state-owned infrastructure projects. Privatization of state-owned infrastructure projects. The government opens up the national infrastructure construction and operation market, authorizes the project company to be responsible for financing and organizing the construction, and is responsible for operating and repaying the loan after completion, and then transfers it to the government free of charge after the expiration of the agreement. the BOT mode does not increase the burden of the host country's foreign debt, and can solve the problem of insufficient infrastructure and construction funds. Project sponsors must have strong economic strength (consortium), pre-qualification and bidding procedures are complex.

Fifth, PMC mode

that is, project contracting (

Project Management Contractor

) mode, is that the owner to hire a professional project management company, on behalf of the owner of the project organization and implementation of the whole process or a number of phases of management and services. As PMC contractors in the project design, procurement, construction, commissioning and other phases of the degree of participation and scope of responsibility is different, so the PMC model has greater flexibility. Overall, PMC has three basic application modes: 1, the owner selects the design unit, construction contractor, supplier, and signs the design contract, construction contract and supply contract with it, and entrusts the PMC contractor to carry out the project management. 2, the owner signs the project management contract with the PMC contractor, and the owner selects the design unit, construction contractor, supplier (or some of them) through designation or bidding, but does not sign the contract. 3, the owner signs the project management contract with the PMC contractor, and the owner selects the design unit, construction contractor, supplier (or some of them) through designation or bidding. ), but do not sign the contract, the PMC contractor and their respective design contracts, construction contracts and supply contracts. 3, the owner and the PMC contractor to sign a project management contract, the PMC contractor independently select the construction contractors and suppliers and sign the construction contract and supply contract, but is not responsible for the design work.

Six, EPC mode

That is, design - procurement - construction (

Engineering-Procurement-Construction

) mode, in China is also known as the "general contracting" mode. In the EPC mode, Engineering not only includes specific design work, and may include the entire construction project content of the overall planning and implementation of the entire construction project organization and management planning and specific work. In the EPC mode, the owner just roughly explain the investment intention and requirements, the rest of the work are completed by the EPC contracting unit; the owner does not hire supervision engineers to manage the project, but their own or appoint the owner's representative to manage the project; contractors bear most of the risks of design risk, natural force risk, unforeseen difficulties; generally use the lump-sum contract. In the traditional contracting model, materials and engineering equipment are usually procured by the project general contractor, but the owner may retain the risk of procuring some of the important engineering equipment and special materials during the implementation of the project. In the EPC standard conditions of contract by the contractor is responsible for all the design, and assume full responsibility for the project, so the owner can not intervene too much in the contractor's work. EPC contract conditions of the basic starting point is the owner to participate in the management of the project is very little, because the contractor has assumed most of the risks of construction, the owner focuses on the completion of the acceptance.

Seven, Partnering mode that partnership (Partnering) mode, is in full consideration of the interests of all parties involved in the construction of the construction project on the basis of determining the *** with the goal of a management model. It generally requires the owner and the parties involved in the construction of a short-term or long-term agreement on the basis of mutual trust, resource *** enjoyment, through the establishment of a working group to cooperate with each other, timely communication in order to avoid disputes and litigation, *** with the implementation of the construction project to solve the problems that arise in the process of construction *** with the sharing of engineering risks and related costs, in order to ensure that all parties involved in the realization of the goals and interests. Partnership agreement is not only between the owner and the construction unit of the agreement between the two parties, and the need for construction projects to participate in all parties *** with the signing of the owner, the general contractor, subcontractors, design units, consulting units, the main supply of materials and equipment units, etc.. Partnership agreements are generally centered around the three main objectives of the construction project as well as engineering change management, dispute and claims management, safety management, information communication and management, public **** relations and other issues to make the corresponding provisions. Can be really fast, in the blink of an eye has been