Introduction of interest in reviewing classical Chinese topics

Classical Chinese review is the focus and difficulty of college entrance examination review. Judging from the current teaching situation, the review of classical Chinese is obviously in a dilemma: traditional teaching methods, emphasizing words over sentences in classroom teaching, emphasizing knowledge over emotions in classroom mode, students only have cognitive needs without emotional expression, and the classroom atmosphere is dull and lifeless. Then, can the classical Chinese review class enable students to accumulate knowledge in an interesting learning atmosphere? To this end, the author repeatedly thinks about the crux of the classroom, constantly adjusts teaching methods, and strives to mobilize students' classroom emotions. In the review of classical Chinese in the college entrance examination of Xie Jun epitaph in Nanyang County, the author adopted the sentiment teaching method, which made the classroom full of long-lost vitality. Students are in high spirits in class, with positive expressions and constant laughter. It turns out that the classical Chinese review class can also be full of fun.

First, perception leads life.

At present, the review of classical Chinese faces a serious problem: the time spent is ineffective and the energy spent is not improved. The root cause of this problem is the bondage of college entrance examination and the traditional teaching method of classical Chinese review. When reviewing classical Chinese, the teacher focuses on the content words, function words, sentence patterns and translation of classical Chinese. Teachers often use the teaching method of speaking texts and combing words. There is no essential difference between this exam-oriented teaching method and the traditional "cramming" teaching method, which ignores the connotation value and aesthetic significance of the text and the students' way of thinking and knowledge needs. The fatal phenomenon brought by this traditional teaching method is that students' interest in learning classical Chinese gradually disappears. Confucius said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy." It emphasizes the importance of learning interest. Then, under the pressure of the college entrance examination, can we find a reasonable teaching method, which can not only make the classical Chinese review class full of fun, but also enable students to acquire test-taking skills in fun? "Chinese Curriculum Standard" and "Notes on the 20 13 National College Entrance Examination (Jiangsu Volume)" respectively put forward such requirements for the examination of classical Chinese: "Reading simple and easy-to-remember classical Chinese, you can understand the meaning of words and phrases and the content of the text with the help of notes and reference books. Understand and sort out the meaning and usage of common classical Chinese content words, classical Chinese function words and classical Chinese sentence patterns, and pay attention to the inferences in reading practice. " "Read simple poems. Yi' refers to the degree that qualified high school graduates can basically understand. " "Yi" refers to the level of classical Chinese required by high school teaching and college entrance examination. After studying classical Chinese in grade one and grade two, students have the ability to read simple classical Chinese. If the review of classical Chinese in senior three is taught in the form of a series of lectures, it is difficult for students to have interest in knowledge and desire to express themselves. The key to stimulate students' interest in learning is to let them have something to say about what they have learned. Where does the review of classical Chinese generate students' interest in learning? The answer is the feeling after reading. When reviewing the Epitaph of Xie Junjia in Nanyang County, the author has been focusing on one question: "What have you gained from reading this article?" This question stirred up a thousand waves, asked the students the wisdom of youth, asked the classroom full of vitality, and asked the long-lost happy atmosphere. Guided by the question of "perception", the students spoke freely: "I think husband and wife should share weal and woe and strive to build a harmonious family." "I think I should be a good wife like Xie." "A successful man must have a wife behind him." "I think it is difficult to be a woman, it is even harder to be a good woman, and it is even harder to be a woman who knows how to care about national affairs." ..... the spark of wisdom, the expression of passion, warm communication, step by step, tit for tat, constant laughter, what a happy classroom. The application of sentiment teaching not only tests students' mastery of the text, but also stimulates students' interest in learning and desire to express themselves, making students feel that learning classical Chinese is also interesting.

Second, linking ancient and modern to stimulate interest

There are two reasons why students think they are not interested in reviewing classical Chinese. On the one hand, the review of classical Chinese is often based on the level of text dredging, focusing only on classical Chinese knowledge and sentence translation, without excitement; On the other hand, the content of classical Chinese is far from life and has no intimacy. Because of the time gap, the corresponding cultural background, historical conditions, laws and regulations, and social forms in classical Chinese are far from modern Chinese, and the language expression, word expression, and meaning of classical Chinese are far from modern Chinese. However, when teachers review classical Chinese, they often ignore this problem, and they are completely divorced from students' thinking habits, cognitive level and emotional characteristics, which invisibly increases the difficulty for students to understand classical Chinese. In fact, in the civilized process of human development, although the times have undergone fundamental changes, human nature, emotions and some lifestyles are consistent with the present. Based on this, teachers and students can find a way to get through the past and the present; Moreover, the examination of classical Chinese in the college entrance examination focuses on the appreciation of people, things and feelings. Therefore, in the review of classical Chinese, teachers can learn from the technique of "satirizing the present by borrowing from the past" in poetry, reflect on the present people, things, feelings and reasons based on the ancient people, things, feelings and reasons in the text, understand the connotation of the text and gain insight into the changes of the times. At the same time, students should base themselves on today's people, things, feelings and reasons, look back on ancient people, things, feelings and reasons, get rid of ugly phenomena and carry forward traditional virtues. The application of sentiment teaching method can well integrate ancient and modern times and guide students to explore the spirit of traditional culture with modern thinking and concepts. The epitaph of Nanyang County mainly tells the profound friendship between Mei and his wife. Students can find the points of agreement and contradiction with the present life from the perspectives of wife Xie's identity, housekeeping, husband's patriotism, and her husband Mei's help to the poor, the pain of losing his wife, and the feeling of repentance, so as to arouse their own thinking and talk about their own life feelings. For example, from the family background of his wife Xie, we can contact Bai now, but she didn't find a "Gao Fushuai"; Judging from the content of a wife's housekeeping, we can express our praise for her virtue based on ancient times, or we can base it on the present, and women should make a difference in their careers. We can also look back at the image of husband and wife who can share joys and sorrows and respect each other from the perspective of deep friendship between husband and wife. Starting from the reality of classroom teaching, the students are witty and witty. For example, "it is too difficult to be such a good woman in an article." I think society is too realistic. Life will always get tired of daily necessities. It should not be so easy to live, so it is still very important to find a man with an economic foundation. " "While paying attention to material life, we should also pay attention to the quality connotation of' handsome man'." "I think the quality of Xie is worthy of recognition, but now women should hold up half the sky, not only be diligent in housework, but also realize their own value in their careers." Perception teaching guides students to talk about the past with the past, view the present with the past and discuss the past with the present, which not only analyzes the content of the text, but also stimulates students' interest in learning and plays an educational role for students. Third, improve the situation and increase interest.

Perception teaching method pays attention to the connotation value and aesthetic characteristics of the text, plays a role in understanding the text, shaping personality and cultivating sentiment, and well stimulates students' interest in learning and enthusiasm for discussion. However, such a class is also easy to get out of control, and teachers should relax in a targeted manner to avoid getting out of control. The effective way to control this phenomenon is to organically combine it with the knowledge points of college entrance examination. Coping with the college entrance examination is an unavoidable problem in teaching. While cultivating students' moral quality, we should also teach students the skills of taking exams, both of which are indispensable. Therefore, in the classroom, teachers should seize the opportunity, make the best use of the situation, keep students' interest in learning, tactfully draw out the test sites that students feel, highlight the test sites and solve the test sites. To solve classical Chinese test sites, we must pay attention to two cores: reading and context. "Reading" emphasizes the reading and understanding of the text, while "context" emphasizes the context and situation of the text. These are two essential cores to solve the college entrance examination. Perceptual teaching method emphasizes students' perception after reading, and skillfully returns to the context and situation of the text when analyzing the basis of perception. When analyzing the basis of students' perception, teachers should decisively lead out the translation of important content words, function words and sentences in the text, so that students can accumulate knowledge in an interesting learning atmosphere and dissolve the test sites. In the review of Nanyang County Epitaph, when students realize that "I think I should be a good wife like Xie Jia", they have the customary law to govern his family. Its tableware, although not rich and extravagant, must be refined to its use; Its clothes are new for no reason, and the sewing must be clean; Although the official residence is ugly, sweeping the courtyard must be strict; When Rong Zhi, the language of peaceful coexistence, must be harmonious, the author takes the opportunity to guide students to think, "What is the standard of being a good wife?" In order to train students' ability of understanding and summarizing, at the same time, make use of the situation and ask a clear question: "What do you think is the key point of understanding words and sentences in this article?" According to the students' answers, make clear the meanings of content words such as "governance", "essence", "purport", "strictness", "ugliness" and "Rong Zhi" and the meanings of two function words. In this way, students can easily master important real words and important function words in their interest in perception, and achieve a subtle teaching effect. And solved the content of problem one. When students realize, "I think it is difficult to be a woman, it is even harder to be a good woman, and it is even harder to be a woman who knows how to care about national affairs." Based on "last year's drought in the south, I looked up and saw the migratory locust sigh:' Now the western soldiers are puzzled and the world is trapped again. Thieves suddenly started in jianghuai, so did drought locusts.' At the same time, the author conveniently leads out that' today's western soldiers are unsolved, the world is trapped again, and thieves suddenly start in Jianghuai' is the content of the third question C. Let's compare it. Is it equal? In order to cultivate students' ability to solve problems and find evidence according to the text when analyzing content and summarizing questions. When students realize, "I think it's important to find a husband who loves himself." The basis is "those who make me not tired of wealth and poverty, restrain my wife's help." "At that time, the author suggested," this sentence requires translation in the college entrance examination. According to your understanding, can you translate this sentence? "You can have two companions write with you." Let students return to the context of the text in their own feelings and experience the requirements and skills of translation. Explain the characteristics and translation points of sentence patterns through students' performance. In perception teaching, the combination of appreciating texts and accumulating knowledge is very good, which not only does not affect students' interest in class, but also further increases their confidence and enthusiasm in learning classical Chinese. In perception, students grasp the content of perception, solve problems virtually based on context, accumulate knowledge of classical Chinese, improve problem-solving skills and understand problem-solving ideas. Students have tasted the sweetness of learning and will inevitably increase their interest in learning.

Fourth, understanding and blending to promote interest.

In the class of senior three, we should pay attention to cultivating students' thinking ability of drawing inferences from others, correcting students' wrong thinking of re-practicing and lightly reading, and training students' technical ability of standardizing answering questions. However, today's senior three classes are trapped by the pressure of the college entrance examination, and every minute counts. Teachers pass on a lot of knowledge, giving up students' thinking time, giving up students' reading time, and it is even more impossible to leave students with time for discussion and communication. The educational concept of "attaching importance to knowledge but neglecting emotion" and "taking knowledge as the foundation" is helplessly filled with the whole classroom. Therefore, teachers should change their misconceptions, return the main part of the classroom to students, take "entertaining" as an eternal educational pursuit, attach importance to stimulating and cultivating students' interest in learning, and actively handle the organic combination of knowledge and emotion. "The teaching mode of blending knowledge and practice is to create certain" human-environment "teaching conditions, so that students' cognitive activities and emotional activities can be coordinated and unified on the basis of benign interaction, and a harmonious psychological state of mutual understanding and mutual promotion can be produced, thus stimulating students' learning enthusiasm, mobilizing students' learning initiative and promoting students' acceptance, perception and mastery of teaching content." According to the actual teaching situation of Xie Jun's family epitaph in Nanyang County, the perceptual teaching method conforms to the concept of "knowledge-practice blending teaching mode", which enables students to feel the connotation of the text with interest in an interesting classroom atmosphere, accumulate knowledge of classical Chinese in an atmosphere of positive expression and discussion, understand the thinking of reading classical Chinese, and master the problem-solving skills of classical Chinese test sites. Informed mutual promotion, harmonious cycle. Therefore, teachers should get rid of the baton of college entrance examination, have innovative courage and perseverance, adhere to the sentiment teaching method as the basis, realize the organic integration of knowledge, actively create a harmonious and interesting review class of classical Chinese, make students truly become the main body of learning, stimulate students' desire to express, raise the interest sail of classical Chinese learning, and let them accumulate knowledge, accumulate literacy, shape personality and cultivate sentiment in the spark collision of wisdom.

In the review class of classical Chinese in senior three, we should not only focus on the test sites of the college entrance examination, but also pay attention to creating an interesting classroom atmosphere, so that students can accumulate knowledge and master skills in pleasure, improve their literacy and cultivate their sentiments in happiness. In fact, the review of classical Chinese can be full of interest and vitality as long as teachers change their teaching concepts, educational thinking, integrate knowledge with knowledge, hand over the main body of learning to students and ignite students' interest.