Traditional Expression Techniques in Chinese Painting

There are many traditional expression techniques in Chinese painting, including the basic painting techniques of landscape, figure, flower and bird painting.

The most distinctive feature of Chinese painting techniques is that they are based on ink lines, which are used to express the outlines, light and darkness, and texture of the objects, and at the same time, they can also express the thoughts and spirit of the painter through the ink lines. The ink line in Chinese painting has an independent aesthetic value in itself.

Brush and ink

Brush and ink is the characteristic of Chinese painting, the essence of Chinese painting, without brush and ink can not be called Chinese painting, brush and ink from a broad sense, refers to the use of ink and ink to achieve the picture of the meteorological, color, chapter, mood, taste and other aspects of the language of painting. In a narrow sense, it refers to the skill of using brush and ink.

1, with the brush, "Ancient Painting Pinnacle" in the six methods: bone method with the brush. It means that the brush should be strong, have a backbone, the heart with the pen to turn, the intention of the pen first. Specifically, that is, lift, press, smooth, reverse positive, side, hide and expose, fast, slow and so on. The brush should be aware of the pain, and pay attention to the changes of lifting and pressing, smooth and reverse, fast and slow, turning, positive side, hiding and revealing. In landscape painting, there is a center front, a side front, a hidden front, a exposed front, a reverse front, a smooth front, and so on.

2, the center of the brush, vertical, the tip of the brush is in the center of the ink line, the lines drawn with the center of the brush is very strong and sharp, mostly used to outline the outline of the object. Side of the brush, the palm of the hand to the left inverted, the tip of the side to the left, because it is the use of the side of the brush, so the line is thick and hairy, mostly used for stone chapping.

3, hide the front of the pen, the brush should be hidden but not exposed, horizontal line "no forward, no back", vertical line "no drooping not shrinking", the ancients called "a wave of three folds", drawn lines The lines drawn are calm and subtle, penetrating through the paper, and are often used to draw the outlines of houses, boats and bridges, as well as the outlines of mountains and rocks, and the double hooks of tree trunks. Dew front is to make the sharpness of the point of the painting is exposed, appearing to be pretty strong, painting bamboo leaves, willow is the dew front strokes.

4, against the front of the brush, the pen tube tilted forward and right, the tip of the brush against the trend of advancing the brush, so that the brush spread out, the brush strokes produced flying white, this point, line has a strong, raw and spicy brush, tree trunks, landscapes, outlining, chafing can be used.

5., the smooth stroke and the opposite of the reverse stroke, the use of dragging the pen to run, so the drawing of the thumbs light and smooth, lively, hook cloud, painting water commonly used in this way.

Chinese painting brush method of ten exquisite, from ancient times to the present, has accumulated a wealth of experience, such as Mr. Huang Binhong put forward the "five strokes", "five strokes" that is "flat, round, stay, heavy, change.

1, "the so-called" flat ", refers to the average force of the pen, the beginning and the end of the clear, the pen to, neither soft, nor picky and frivolous, to" like cone painting sand ".

2, the so-called "round", refers to the line of the pen to round and strong, do not want to generate the angle, to "such as folding hairpin shares".

3, the so-called "stay", refers to the pen to be implicit, to have a review, not hasty, not slow, not floating, not slippery, not wild, to be "such as the leakage marks". The so-called "heavy" that is, calm and weighty, such as "high mountain falling stone", not like "wind-blown leaves", that is, the ancient saying "the pen can carry the tripod! "

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4, the so-called "change", refers to changes in the pen, or with the center or side, according to the performance of different objects and changes, can not stick to one. The second refers to the pen to echo each other, "the intention of the pen to the pen is not, the pen breaks the intention to continue.

"The form of the line of the brush is summarized in the drawing of the line to seek thick, thin, curved, straight, rigid, soft, light, heavy changes and contrasts, so that the object depicted by the "God portraits". The line of landscape painting advocates: withered and moist, rigid and soft, with quality and rhythm. Wither and can moisten the best brush should be "dry crack autumn wind, moist with spring rain" of the wonderful. "Too wet is no pen, too dry is no ink", so, we must learn to use withered, moist this pair of contradictions, so that a pair of contradictions united. Which is how to draw this kind of line? Mr. Li Keran said very clearly: "the pen does not contain too much water, so that the pen is pale; brush astringent heavy and powerful, you can squeeze out the water, so that the pen guillotine wet." Rigid and soft means that the form of the brush line should reach the perfect realm of neither soft nor straight. Just and soft, but also a pair of contradictions in the use of the pen. Will not use this contradiction, often either lose the "just", or lose the "soft".

Brushwork

The ink line in Chinese painting itself has an independent aesthetic value. Therefore, how to use the brush in Chinese painting is the first problem that must be solved to paint a good Chinese painting. Chinese painting brush is the same as calligraphy, although people have different preferences, the law enforcement is not fixed, but the beginner must master the basic essentials. When holding the brush, use the big finger and index finger to hold the brush, presenting a "dragon's eye" or "phoenix eye" shape, the middle finger follows the index finger to hold the brush. The middle finger follows the index finger to hold the brush. When the brush is held, the brush is generally no longer than the first knuckle of the index finger. Finger solid, palm virtual, wrist flat, five fingers together, running to release to be natural. Calligraphy is more rigorous, painting is more flexible, can be straight palm can lie down horizontally, hold the pen can be slightly higher, the pen can be flexible, wrist, elbow, shoulder, body to cooperate with each other, the movement can be powerful.

The pen "three taboos" Song Dynasty Han Chunquan "landscape pure collection" in the proposed: "with the pen there are three diseases: one is said to board; two is said to carve; three is said to knot." The so-called "board", refers to the lack of wrist power, the pen is not flexible, drawn out of the pen line flat, no three-dimensional sense of roundness; the so-called "carve", is that the strokes are too revealing, and even the wrong birth of Gui Jiao, not natural, no life; the so-called The so-called "knot" refers to the stagnation of the pen, want to line not line, when scattered not scattered, the line is not fluent. Pen committed these three faults, can not talk about the beauty of the line. In addition, also its taboo such as dry, weak, smooth, hasty, etc. is also. Painting painters have always had "painting and calligraphy from the same source", "calligraphy through the painting method" theory. To avoid the above three taboos, the best way is to practice calligraphy, real, seal script, line and cursive are practiced a little bit, in order to be able to grasp the various techniques of using the brush. In order to overcome the disease of the brush, one must strengthen the wrist, so that "the brush is used for me". Secondly, we should follow the nature and not be pretentious. Third, in the line of this before the pen to do "a good idea". The ink should be colorful, layered and varied. The requirements for ink are clear, moist, calm and harmonious. Clear, clear layers. Moist, moist ink color. Sinking, not impetuous. Harmony, mutual harmony. Ink Splashing Method: Use the brush to dip the brush into the water and ink of appropriate thickness, and boldly drop it onto the paper. Accumulation of Ink: Add layers of light and dark colors (after the ink dries). Broken ink method: first draw a kind of ink, before drying and then broken with different ink, can be thick broken light, light broken thick, water broken ink, ink broken water, color broken ink, ink broken color.