Brief introduction of Qingyang suona

The suona in Xifeng District of Qingyang City is a traditional percussion instrument of Han nationality, which is mainly played by suona, also known as drum music. It has a history of more than 400 years. After generations of artists, its unique Qupai music system, huge performance team, extensive folk application and strong local style have become a unique kind of Han folk music in China. Xifeng is distributed around Qingcheng County, Huanxian County, Heshui County, Ningxian County, Zhengning County and some towns and villages in zhenyuan county. Xifeng District has 3/kloc-0 suona clubs with 286 employees. Suona Qupai in Xifeng District is rich in content, simple in meaning, self-contained and unique in style. There are more than 1200 songs collected in the census, of which 496 songs were selected as "Integration of Folk Instrumental Music in Qingyang Area". According to their origin and evolution, these tunes can be divided into traditional tunes, variations of folk songs and related categories of local operas. The profound cultural connotation of Xifeng suona is not only manifested in the particularity of Chinese music culture, but also in its content extension. For example, the cultural space of "Bao Bao" is also one of the valuable contents. This oral form has been passed down, and the artist's improvisation of oral literature activities fully shows the intelligence of working people, which plays an important role in inheriting and carrying forward traditional virtues and enhancing social cohesion.

On June 25th, 2008, at 65438, the "Lang Suona" Art Troupe from Xifeng District, Qingyang, Gansu Province blew its horn in the newly-built Chaoyang Cultural Center "Dongcun Farmer Theater". This "special performance" of suona music with local characteristics made Beijing audience feel the charm of this national intangible cultural heritage.

The art of Qingyang suona, a percussion instrument in Longdong, created by Xifeng District, was selected and approved by Gansu Federation of Literary and Art Circles and the Department of Culture. As a local cultural brand with traditional Han characteristics, it represents Gansu Province and participated in the live recording of the annual Spring Festival Evening with Lanzhou Taiping Drum Dance.

Ma Zigang, percussion band of Qingyang Harmonious Xifeng Art Troupe, said: "In order to participate in this performance, we gave up the golden season of income in a year. From rehearsal to performance in Beijing this time, each of them will earn 2000-3000 yuan less, but the honor of performing in the Great Hall of the People is more important than making money. " Their bigger goal is to send Longdong percussion music abroad and show foreigners the folk customs of Gansu. Yan Chonghou, 69, told reporters: "I have been playing suona for 50 years, but I never dreamed that I could blow it to the Great Hall of the People. We will certainly cherish this rare opportunity and let the national audience see the spiritual outlook of our farmers in Gansu. "

Among the eight parts of "Northeast Scenery" and "North China Customs" tonight, the part of "Northwest Customs" undertaken by Gansu Province includes the song and dance performed by Lanzhou Taiping Drum and Lv Jihong, and the star lyrics "Talking about Gansu" performed by Zhu Jun. Therefore, the Gansu section is designated as the finale, which includes not only the novel program form, but also the cast of Gansu.

Mou Yu, one of the directors of Gansu Plate, said that putting Qingyang Suona on the stage is not only an eye-catching hope, but also a hope to attract people's attention to Qingyang Suona. Together with Taiping drum, it was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage, but many people don't know about Qingyang suona art. Make use of this stage, let people pay attention to it, see the significance of its continuous development, and make it another business card of Gansu, and it will be on the elegant stage.

How to make Qingyang suona, an ancient folk art form, stand out, Mou Yu didn't work hard. "There are a lot of suona music all over the country, and Qingyang suona art was basically unknown in the country for a long time. This time, the tunes with regional characteristics in Longdong were specially selected, and at the same time, the pictures were adjusted and arranged according to the music, so that the traditional suona art came alive. " Xie Ke, the on-site executive director, was also infected by Qingyang suona and temporarily "played" for the band. In addition to completing the original three-minute performance, he will also accompany Gansu folk songs such as Four Seasons Songs and Embroidered Gold Monument sung by Ha Hui, Liu Hegang, Cai Ming, Cai Guoqing, Guan Mucun and David Jiang.

Since Qingyang suona art was listed in the national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006, Xifeng District has attached great importance to it, set up a research and protection center, allocated certain funds, organized experts to carry out excavation and theoretical research, set up training courses, held a suona competition once a year, absorbed more than 30 outstanding folk suona artists, joined the "Harmonious Xifeng" Art Troupe, hired professionals, and edited it again after the festival. In 2008, the Provincial Federation of Literary and Art Circles decided to participate in the live recording of Gansu Federation of Literary and Art Circles in 2008, and was selected as the program of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles by the famous director Yu Junjian. In 2008, the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles arranged for the whole northwest region to perform for 30 minutes, and Qingyang suona will perform for 2 minutes alone, which is the first time in our province.

Qingyang suona folk art

Qingyang suona is the most commonly used and popular musical instrument in Qingyang cultural life and folk family affairs. As early as 1930s, it attracted the attention of music circles inside and outside the province. In 1980s, he participated in the national folk music and dance performances, and now he has become an independent musician.

Qingyang suona first appeared in weddings, funeral ceremonies, village temple fairs, celebration ceremonies and other occasions. A drum team composed of semi-professional farmers plays.

Qingyang suona can be roughly divided into three schools according to its geographical distribution and performance characteristics: one school is Muzhu suona in Huanxian, Ningxian, Heshui and Zhengning. This kind of suona is the largest and most commonly used in Qingyang, with bright timbre, soft and smooth timbre, wide range, quiet near listening and clear far listening. The other school is the copper suona in Zhenyuan. Because its pole and main parts are made of brass, its timbre is high, clear and melodious, so its playing method is unique. The other school is the Daji Suona in the north of Huachi, Heshui and Huanxian. This kind of suona is completely different from the above two suona styles because of its long whistle and thick timbre.

Qingyang suona team has no fixed number limit, ranging from two to a dozen. Qingyang people have done things (referring to weddings and funerals), and the most important thing is to invite the whole team. The so-called whole team consists of 6-8 people, played by two suona, accompanied by a drum, a Gong Jun and a small gong, as well as a cymbal and a small hairpin; There is also a band played by a small suona, accompanied by earthen pipes, bamboo flutes, banhu, erhu, Sanxian, Xiaohu, Yazi, Bangu, Bangzi, Xiao Gong and Xiao Chai. Generally, band members can play more than two kinds of musical instruments, which can be randomly deployed according to their needs without changing personnel.