What is the breakthrough of college entrance examination enrollment reform?

First, reform the examination subject setting. The new college entrance examination will adopt the "3+3" mode of compulsory examination and selective examination, breaking the tradition of "what to teach and what to test" and replacing it with "what to test and learn". In the traditional college entrance examination, students should learn "politics, history, geography" or "physics and chemistry" in addition to Chinese mathematics. In the new college entrance examination scheme, in order to enhance the correlation between the college entrance examination and high school study, the total score of candidates will be composed of three elective subjects: unified college entrance examination Chinese, mathematics and foreign language, and high school proficiency test. Keep the subjects of Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages in the unified college entrance examination unchanged, and keep the scores unchanged. Regardless of arts and sciences, foreign language subjects provide two examination opportunities. The subjects of the high school academic level examination included in the total score shall be independently selected by the candidates from six subjects: ideological and political, history, geography, physics, chemistry and biology according to the requirements of their colleges and their own majors. Second, improve the high school level examination. The scope of the academic proficiency test covers all subjects prescribed by the state, guiding students to learn each course and avoiding serious partiality. The academic level examination is organized and implemented by the provincial education administrative department according to the national curriculum standards and examination requirements. All localities should reasonably arrange the course arrangement and examination time. Generally, after the end of each subject, an academic proficiency test will be organized, and the test results will be directly recorded in the total score of the college entrance examination, and no longer participate in the national unified college entrance examination. Under special circumstances, students are given the opportunity to take two exams in the same subject. Third, reform the enrollment system. In the new enrollment system, we should not only see the cold scores, but also see the real people, and the students' learning process will be recorded and entered into the students' comprehensive quality files. The enrollment of colleges and universities will implement a multi-admission mechanism with unified results of the college entrance examination and the high school level examination and reference to comprehensive quality evaluation. Colleges and universities should study and put forward the subject requirements of candidates' high school level examination according to their own subject orientation and professional training objectives (for example, candidates applying for computer major must study physics. ), as well as comprehensive quality evaluation method, and announced to the public in advance. The academic proficiency test will be based on the college entrance examination system and will be divided into qualification test and grade test. Qualified examination refers to the requirements for students' high school graduation level, while grade examination refers to the examination that brings their academic level into the college entrance examination on the basis of passing. In the past, elective courses had nothing to do with the college entrance examination, and schools could not open them. However, under the new examination enrollment system, the grade examination needs to be taken as an elective course, without which it will be unable to cope with the future college entrance examination. Fourth, standardize the comprehensive quality evaluation of senior high schools. The comprehensive quality evaluation mainly reflects the all-round development of students' morality, intelligence, physique and aesthetics, and will serve as an important reference for students' graduation and further studies (especially for independent enrollment in colleges and universities). Schools need to establish standardized comprehensive quality files for students, objectively record the outstanding performance of students in the process of learning and growth, and pay attention to social responsibility, innovative spirit and practical ability, mainly including students' ideological and moral character, academic level, physical and mental health, interests and specialties, social practice, etc. In the specific implementation process, we must strictly follow the procedures, strengthen supervision, ensure openness and transparency, and ensure that the content is true and accurate. Fifth, deepen the reform of college entrance examination content. According to the requirements of talent selection in colleges and universities and the national curriculum standards, the examination content will focus on cultivating students' ability to think independently and use what they have learned to analyze and solve problems. In addition, it is necessary to improve the scoring method, strengthen the management of marking papers and improve the performance report. Strengthen the construction of national education examination institutions, national question banks and foreign language proficiency evaluation systems. Provinces that have increased the use of national unified proposition papers since 20 15. Zhang Zhiyong said that there is still room for improvement in propositional ability, so that those who repeatedly train their knowledge can't get high marks. Sixth, speed up the classified examination in higher vocational colleges. The examination enrollment of higher vocational colleges is relatively separated from that of ordinary colleges, and the evaluation method of "cultural quality+vocational skills" is implemented. No longer use a test paper to take the college entrance examination, so that those students who are not prepared to take the undergraduate course and apply for vocational schools can leave the unified college entrance examination and take the vocational adaptability test. At the same time, students who pass the compulsory courses in high school can enter higher vocational colleges (students can also take the unified college entrance examination and enter higher vocational colleges). )。 For those students who are about to enter higher vocational colleges, it is a cruel torture not to accompany them to study and take exams, because they can't continue their studies and have to study, and classified exams are to let different students take different admission tracks. Seventh, improve the distribution of enrollment plans. Improve the admission rate of college entrance examination in the central and western regions and populous provinces. Comprehensive consideration of the number of students, school conditions, graduates' employment situation and other factors, improve the national enrollment plan, and urge universities to strictly implement it. Continue to implement the cooperation plan to support enrollment in the central and western regions, and arrange special enrollment places for universities in the eastern region to enroll students in the central and western regions. The principles and methods for the allocation of open enrollment places in subordinate colleges and universities, reasonably determine the provincial enrollment plan, and strictly control the proportion of territorial enrollment. The gap between the provinces with the lowest admission rate of 20 17 and the national average has narrowed from 6 percentage points of 20 13 to less than 4 percentage points. Increase the number of rural students attending key universities. Continue to implement the national special plan for directional enrollment in rural poverty-stricken areas, and subordinate universities and provincial key universities should arrange a certain proportion of places to recruit outstanding rural students for remote, poor and ethnic minority areas. In 20 17, the number of rural students in poor areas entering key universities will increase greatly. Zhang Zhiyong said that, in the final analysis, changing the distribution mode of enrollment plan is to ensure education equity. Let rural children and urban children compete completely on one score. At present, the education level and conditions of children in rural areas are poor, so it is difficult to ensure their enrollment, so it is necessary to improve the allocation method of enrollment plan. Eighth, improve the admission method. The new college entrance examination plan will implement the voluntary reporting method after the results of the college entrance examination are announced, and gradually cancel the enrollment batches of colleges and universities (cancel one or two books). Improve the admission mode of investment, promote and improve the investment mode of parallel volunteer, and increase the opportunities for universities and students to choose from each other. It is just a formality to cancel one or two books and dilute the concept of key universities. Behind it is the replacement of the school-based resource reporting method, replaced by professional priority, which opens the way for more than one investment. Ninth, reduce and standardize the extra points in exams. Significantly reducing and strictly controlling the extra points in exams is also of great significance to ensuring educational equity. From 20 15, the bonus items for special students such as sports and art will be cancelled, and the bonus items that are really necessary to be retained will be set up reasonably. Explore and improve the extra points policy in border areas with extremely poor ethnic groups. The local college entrance examination plus points shall be determined by the provincial people's government and reported to the Ministry of Education for the record. In principle, it is only applicable to the enrollment of colleges and universities affiliated to this province (autonomous regions and municipalities). Tenth, improve and standardize independent enrollment. The purpose of self-enrollment is to select students with academic potential. From 20 15, independent enrollment arrangements will be implemented after the national unified college entrance examination and before the results of the college entrance examination are announced. Students applying for independent enrollment need to take the unified college entrance examination, meet the corresponding requirements, and accept the assessment of applying for colleges and universities. At the same time, colleges and universities are not allowed to take joint exams or organize special training, and strictly control the scale of independent enrollment. Zhang Zhiyong said that according to the national regulations, senior three students need to set up new courses, including graduation semester, and put in key universities to enroll students independently after the unified college entrance examination, so as to maintain the normal teaching order of ordinary senior high schools and let students complete 12 years of basic education. Zhang Zhiyong believes that the reform of the examination enrollment system is the most comprehensive, systematic, profound and difficult reform after the resumption of the college entrance examination. The most comprehensive-involving the reform of the examination system, enrollment system and management system; The most systematic-involving the reform of the whole basic education, higher education and continuing education; The most profound-gradually broke through the tradition of score theory, and one exam will be fixed for life. At the same time, this reform has also begun to give students and colleges the autonomy of two-way choice.