China traditional cultural movement

1958 In July, when Dr. Havelange, the current president of FIFA, came to China, he said: Football originated in China.

Football has a long history. As early as ancient Greece, there was a game similar to handball today. Later the Romans developed on this basis. As Rome conquered Europe for hundreds of years, the sport spread widely in the British Isles. At that time, there was already a competition between the Romans and the English natives. It is said that the ball used at that time was the head of a prisoner of war. In the future, the bladder of livestock will be used to make balls. This kind of ball has certain elasticity, and it can be shot and kicked. Often, many people kick at a certain goal. At that time, the game was rough and some contestants were seriously injured, so they were banned. However, with the passage of time, football has become more and more common, and there are various rules all over England. Although it has become a fact, several generations of British kings have banned playing football for fear that young people will be invaded by foreign countries if they don't concentrate on practicing martial arts.

By the end of Queen Elizabeth, the football match could already enter the room. There are often spectacular games to entertain people during festivals. 1602 held a big competition in Cornwall. The goals of the two sides are three or four miles apart, and the parishes compete with each other, sweeping the whole area.

In the next 200 years, the British Isles held competitions with different rules. At that time, no one planned to unify the rules, nor did they organize local teams. At that time, the game was quite rough and intense. Some players deliberately kick each other's calves instead of kicking, which is no different from fighting.

1823165438+1October 2 1, a historic event that changed the whole world football. On this day, a group of students are playing football on the playground. A boy named wilhelm weber Ellis 15 years old ran with the ball in the middle of the game. This simple and common action actually divides the football world into two parts: those who walk with the ball in their hands are allowed to become football, those who kick with their feet and those who raise their heads are allowed to become football. After that, some football enthusiasts held a meeting in a hotel in London to draft the Football Association's articles of association, including a clear stipulation that it is forbidden to walk with the ball in hand. Rugby leagues that allow walking with the ball in hand were not established until 187 1.

1863101On October 26th, the British Football Association held a very important meeting in the history of modern English football. The return of the competition was drafted, but some terms are far from today's rules. For example, there was a rule at that time: when the ball entered the space between goalposts or crossed the space above, no matter how high it was, as long as it was not thrown, hit or transported by hand, it was considered as winning. At that time, the position and formation of players were also different from today's: each team had a goalkeeper, a defender, a former player and eight forwards. Soon after the rules were made, the formation changed: one goalkeeper, two defenders, three avant-garde and five forwards. At first, only one hand was used to throw the foul ball, but some players could skillfully throw the ball into the goal 40 to 50 yards away, so the rules changed again and they had to throw the foul ball with both hands. The original goal was also different from today. 1883' s goal crossbar is still pulling a rope. Because the rope is thin, it is difficult to judge whether some balls pass from above or below. The net was not laid until 1890. As for the scale of the stadium, it is also different from today's 1890. The area of the stadium is 200 yards X 100 yards or 100 yards X50 yards, and there are 200 yards X50 yards. The current site regulations are: the maximum allowable length is 130 yards, the minimum length is 100 yards, and the width is 100 yards to 50 yards. At that time, each team had an assistant referee and a referee as "law enforcement officers". It was not until 189 1 that neutral referees appeared in the present sense-one referee and two linesmen. Early teams were made up of amateur players, while modern football has professional players who play football as their profession.

In ancient China, football was called Cuju or Tuju, both of which meant kicking, and Juju was the name of the ball. The word "Cuju" first appeared in Historical Records, Bielu written by Liu Xiang in Han Dynasty and Biography of Hanshu Meicheng written by Yan Shizeng in Tang Dynasty.

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, "Cuju" was very popular and became an elegant activity in the court. 1958 In July, when Dr. Havelange, the current president of FIFA, came to China, he said: Football originated in China.

Of course, due to the limitation of feudal society, the ancient cuju activity in China did not develop into a modern football sport based on the principle of "fair competition". This qualitative leap took place in capitalist Britain.