Reference model of ancient literature history papers

In the past 30 years, the discipline of ancient literature in China, like other humanities disciplines, has made considerable academic development. The following is the content of the reference model essay on the history of ancient literature that I collected for you. Welcome to read the reference!

Reference model essay on the history of ancient literature 1

Understanding of the history of ancient Chinese literature

The complexity of the word literary history has been a topic of academic discussion in recent years. As far as the overall meaning of this word is concerned, it refers to the purely objective history of the emergence and development of literature itself, which some scholars call the history of literature? Ontology? Some scholars call it literary history? Original ecology? . When we intuitively imagine the history of literature, we realize the significance of this history of literature. Ontology? Or? Original ecology? It exists and has a purely objective nature. The ultimate goal of scientific research on the history of literature is to approach the real history of literature, and it is also used as a standard to judge the value of a research achievement on the history of literature. But? Original ecology? And then what? Ontology? In fact, it only exists in intuitive imagination and logical speculation, and actually exists in people's understanding and elaboration of the history of literature. The most intuitive thing is what we saw today. Literary history? Works, they are actually built through a cognitive system.

This nature of literary history has been reflected even in the state of historical materials. These historical materials, that is, the literary works preserved to this day and some documents in the history of literature, are the result of natural and human selection and are all narrative. In addition, as far as the historical and cultural background of literature is concerned, we also rely on the achievements of historians. Therefore, the original ecology in the true sense has long been a historical thing and cannot be restored. In this sense, the history of literature we have mastered is either sporadic or systematic, and it is something that has entered our own cognitive field, that is, something that has been constructed. The more systematic and macroscopic the history of literature, the more prominent the nature of its construction.

Confucius must be mentioned first in the narrative of the theory of ancient Chinese literature history. Confucius Chunqiu is the first privately written history book in ancient China. Sima Qian believed that the Spring and Autumn Annals was based on the History of Old Lu. What about the words? What about the troubles? Organized, mainly recording political events and people's activities. Chunqiu has made at least two contributions to the theory of literary history. First, the historical facts are recorded by year, hour, month and day, and the chronicles of later generations basically follow this method, which has had a long-term impact on the writing of literary works such as chronological literary history, writers' chronicles and literary memorabilia. Second, Chunqiu is an objective chronicle? Send it to you? , so there is? Spring and autumn? The theory of brushwork has a great influence on the literary history writing of later scholars.

Some contemporary scholars think:? Since the history of new literature is history and has such a close relationship with modern politics, there are bound to be taboos in the study, so we should be prepared mentally and stand firm when Shi De meets the test. So it was created in ancient times? Spring and autumn brushwork? Just because you can tell the truth secretly when you are not allowed to? Sichuan. Put forward by Confucius' Analects of Confucius? Does the tenth one know? That is to say, knowing what it is, observing what it sees and knowing what it is hidden. Zhou Jian is the second generation, and he is very depressed. India's Evolutionary Thought? Don't waste your breath with others? The rule of history is an important content of the theory of ancient Chinese literary history. Mencius said:? Praise his poems and read his books. I don't know who he is! Is it based on its world? Pass? Don't harm words with words, don't harm ambition with words. What is the purpose of going against your will? In the Ming Dynasty, knowing people and discussing the world became the principle and method of studying the history of literature in previous dynasties.

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties is an era of literary consciousness. Compared with other academics or knowledge, literature is independent, establishing its own value and scope, forming a clear and independent literary concept for the first time, and emerging a relatively complete and self-contained literary thought and concept. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties is also a conscious era of literary history research, which mainly has three signs.

First of all, history books are neutral about literary biographies (Wen Yuan). Fan Hua's Book of the Later Han Dynasty distinguishes the difference between Confucianism and article study in The Scholars and The Scholars. Xiao Zixian held a neutral attitude towards the Biography of Southern Qi Literature, and wrote a long article after the biography, describing the ownership of literature and the stylistic changes of the article. Since then, literary biography (Wen Yuan) has become the general rule used by most official history.

The second is the emergence of monographs on the study of literary history. Zhiyu's Essay on Parting is a monograph on the history of literary style, which examines the origin and development of literary genre, discriminates its characteristics, and outlines the historical clues of the occurrence and development of literary style in a general, comprehensive and orderly way. Zhong Rong's Shi Pin explores the origin and evolution of the five-character poetic style, combines poetry with literary criticism, and puts every poet in the inheritance and origin relationship of poetic style, subject matter and expression techniques when evaluating writers. The combination of history and theory in Preface to Poetry not only systematically expounds his poetry theory, but also summarizes the development history of five-character poetry. Zhong Rong's comments on the merits and demerits of writers' works are mostly based on aesthetic factors, although many of them involve social factors. He proposed and praised poetry creation? Smell? Think? What is the essence of five words in literary works? Is it the smell of many works? It shows the aesthetic tendency of Zhong Rong's view of literary history.

Third, there is a special theory of literary history. Tongbian and Timing in Wen Xin Diao Long are monographs on the development of literary history. Is Tong Bian signed by the author? Anatomical analysis? His creative theory is actually to explore the law of literary development from the historical evolution of literature itself. The author summarizes the reasons for the decline of literary style in past dynasties from the literary creation itself. Fight for today's rare ancient, and the flavor is also declining? Competing to imitate modern times and neglecting to learn from ancient times are the reasons for the bleak style of writing and the decline of literary spirit. How to solve this worrying phenomenon in the development of literature, Liu Na thinks: Considering the difference between quality and prose, but subtle and refined, can words be used to change it? . The vitality of literature lies in innovation. Change is long? But when innovating, we must pay attention to inheritance. On the one hand, should we? Change? On the one hand? Pass? In this way, the development of literature can be full of vitality. New and old business? . Time series discusses the relationship between literary development and times and society, which is a complete literary history theory in a strict sense. Liu described it? Wei Ying's rhetoric of ten generations and nine changes? Starting from the history of literary development, this paper investigates the relationship between literary evolution and historical and social conditions. For example, literature is influenced by political education: ballads are literary, and with the passage of time, the wind blows above and the waves shake below. . Another example is that literature is influenced by the world, including academic atmosphere and cultural atmosphere. Qu Yuan, Song Yu and others' magnificent literary thoughts and flowery rhetoric? Out of the world? ; Jian 'an literature because at that time? The world is in chaos, the wind is weak and vulgar, and the ambition is deep and the pen is long, so the outline is rich and rich. Yes; Due to the influence of the atmosphere of talking in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, although the times were extremely difficult, the words were written calmly and slowly. Poetry must be a pillar and endowed with the meaning of lacquer garden. . Liu Cong also involves other factors that affect the development of literature in time series, and his opinions should be said to be quite profound.

The discipline construction of the history of ancient Chinese literature should not only establish its own independent position, but also determine its own systematic content. As a discipline, the history of ancient Chinese literature should have a deeper level. It should include the history of dating literature, the history of various genres, the history of literary criticism and the history of literary thought. In addition, the history of ancient Chinese literature should have its own auxiliary discipline. Initially, there should be at least the following items:

(1) philology of literary history. It provides information for the study of literary history, which is the basis of the whole study of literary history, including two aspects: one is to sort out and collate first-hand documents such as background materials such as crystal making and writers' life information, and the other is to extract and classify the research results of ancient literature and existing literary history for index and reference.

(2) Methodology of literary history. It belongs to the basic theory of literary history research. It theoretically summarizes the experience and lessons of previous studies on the history of literature, pays attention to the methodological characteristics of the latest achievements in the study of literary history, comments on the research methods of different schools, introduces the latest ideological trends in the study of foreign literary history, and constantly explores research methods that not only reflect the new achievements of human thinking and modern scientific theory, but also suit China's national conditions and the reality of ancient literary history. The discussion on the characteristics of literary history also belongs to the category of methodology.

(3) The compilation of literary history. Specializing in the narrative method and compilation style of literary history works. Zhufan Biography or Chronicle? Split collaborative editing type,? Times as the key link, writers as the order? Types and other different styles, we should analyze their advantages and disadvantages, compare their advantages and disadvantages, and then find the most suitable narrative method for the existing research results.

To sum up, the history of literature is unreliable. As I said before, many original records no longer exist. The history of literature was written by people and created by different authors in different times. No matter how fair a person wants to stand, as long as he has his own subjective thoughts, he will be influenced by the social culture at that time. Therefore, no matter how good a historian is, the history he records will have his subjective intention and deviate from the real history. Moreover, in the copying and learning of the past dynasties, because the people he read and wrote were different, and his knowledge level was different, it can be said that there was widespread misunderstanding? Literary history? What is that? Studying history? .

However, because the development of things is spiraling, the history of literature written by predecessors is for future generations after all, and some subjective consciousness of predecessors can also be found in future generations, and future generations may not necessarily do what their predecessors have done and experienced. On the contrary, many things done by later generations can be found in the same or similar records of predecessors. Just as no matter how the times develop and dynasties change, in the nearly 3,000-year history of China, almost every dynasty in China's literary world will have a literary retro movement, and after each retro movement, there will be a more intense outbreak of new ideas and new cultures. Therefore, the history of literature has its reliable side. After all, predecessors left a lot of written works, and black and white still has roots.

If possible, when compiling China ancient literature, we should also pay attention to the same literary movement or similar literary reforms in different dynasties (such as observing different dynasties but all happened? Retro? Movement), as a contrast, check each other to find its laws or fallacies, which is probably more conducive to the construction of the history of ancient Chinese literature.

References:

On the Discipline Construction of the History of Ancient Chinese Literature, Zhang Hong Social Sciences 1986.

On the History of Ancient Chinese Literature, Journal of Yangzhou University-Humanities and Social Sciences Edition by Ji Rongben, No.5, 1997.

The Construction and Characteristics of the History of Ancient Chinese Literature —— A Summary of the Main Contents of Qian's China Rare Books, the Chinese Core Journal, and Yuan Magazine, No.6, 2003

Reference model for papers on ancient literature history II

Interaction between teachers and students in the course of ancient literary history

The course of Chinese ancient literature history should change the traditional teaching concept and teaching mode, and advocate the interaction between teachers and students. In terms of knowledge and ability, teaching learns from each other, emotionally infects each other, and conceptually collides with each other, thus improving the teaching effect and achieving the goal of cultivating talents with solid theoretical knowledge and high appreciation, analysis and creativity.

Keywords: the interaction between teachers and students in the course of the history of ancient literature

In recent years, classroom teacher-student interaction has been paid more and more attention in the teaching reform of colleges and universities, and even become an important indicator of teaching effect evaluation. The history of ancient Chinese literature is the main course of Chinese language and literature in colleges and universities. The course covers the outstanding literary heritage of the Chinese nation from pre-Qin to modern times for five thousand years. It has always been carried out by traditional teaching methods, that is, teachers teach, students listen and students remember. In the teaching content, the method of combining the knowledge of literary history with the introduction of writers' works is adopted. But in actual teaching, this? Cramming at the last minute? Teaching methods are increasingly unacceptable to students, and the teaching effect is greatly affected. In teaching, the author draws lessons from the teaching experience of peers and tries to introduce the method of teacher-student interaction, which has achieved certain results. The author thinks that the interaction between teachers and students in the course of ancient literary history is mainly reflected in three aspects: mutual learning of knowledge and ability between teachers and students, emotional infection and collision of ideas.

First, knowledge and ability are complementary: imparting correct knowledge is the basic requirement of the course of ancient literary history. On this basis, it is a higher goal of the course of the history of ancient literature to cultivate students' broad cultural vision, especially to cultivate students' aesthetic ability and perception ability of classic works, and to enhance students' humanistic quality. To achieve the above goals, it is necessary to make students interested in learning and change passive learning into active learning, which requires breaking through the traditional teaching methods.

Change? Full house irrigation? 、? Cramming at the last minute? The new classroom teaching mode adopts the classroom structure mode of allowing students to participate in lectures, that is, several typical questions are extracted from the classroom content and taught to the students in advance, and the students consult the materials around the relevant issues and write a speech or lecture outline. In classroom teaching, teachers adopt different classroom teaching forms according to the design problems. Such as discussion (or debate), teacher's (or student's) defense, case analysis, student's lecture and teacher's summary. This not only mobilizes students' learning enthusiasm and initiative, promotes students' further understanding and analysis of what they have learned, but also promotes teachers' own professional progress, because teachers have to spend more time and energy than traditional teaching methods to prepare lessons, design questions and answer various questions that students may ask in class.

For example, when talking about Selected Works of Historical Records, the students made a lot of preparations for consulting documents such as Biography of Xiang Yu and Biography of General Li, and made slides in groups to analyze, explain and discuss the author and his ideological and artistic achievements, his life and historical evaluation, and his artistic characteristics. Students also ask some unclear questions for the teacher to answer. For both teachers and students, it is an opportunity for promotion and improvement. Teaching and learning learn from each other and gain a lot.

Second, the mutual infection of emotions: the interaction between teachers and students in the history of ancient literature should be at the emotional level. Literature is human literature, and the classic works of past dynasties often contain profound life sentiments and profound life sentiments. A history of ancient literature is also a history of the formation and development of national character and emotion. By studying the history of literature and reading literary works, we can understand the nature of personal and national beliefs and emotions, which plays an irreplaceable role in cultivating the spiritual taste and humanistic quality of the recipients.

Ancient and modern social and cultural backgrounds and atmospheres are different. Nowadays, people's thoughts and feelings, psychological structure, ways of perceiving the world, ways of thinking and emotional ways are very different from those of the ancients. Students inevitably feel alienated from ancient literature. They often can't understand the feelings and thoughts of the ancients well, and generally lack interest in their lives and ancient literature. Teachers have the responsibility and obligation to stimulate students' interest in learning and cultivate noble personality while imparting knowledge.

Whether it is a writer's life creation, the emergence of a literary phenomenon, the emergence and renewal of a creative method and so on. It is inseparable from people in a specific era. This requires teachers to master a large number of historical materials, and be very familiar with them, so as to know them by heart. Before explaining it to students, we should turn it into our own perceptual experience in advance, and describe and explain it in perceptual language, so that students can have an immersive sense of the scene. When interpreting a writer's works, we should adopt an understandable way of experiencing reading and understanding, so as to avoid the possible negative effects caused by rational disassembly analysis or direct conclusion propaganda, and avoid destroying the muddy and perfect situation of the works or unilaterally understanding the true feelings and themes of the works and writers. It is important to practice a process of drawing a conclusion, so that students can be inspired by an emotional environment and stimulate their recognition of the emotional experience of the work.

For example, when talking about the background of literati and celebrities in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, students feel ridiculous and incomprehensible about the words and deeds of Ruan Ji, Ji Kang and other celebrities. The lecture quoted a lot of data and case analysis, mobilized the life experiences of teachers and students to make analogy with cases, and discussed this period in perceptual language? It is the most chaotic time in China's politics and the most painful time in society. But it is the freest, most liberated, most intelligent and most enthusiastic era in the spiritual history. So, it is also the greatest era of artistic spirit? . Make students agree with the rationality of the unique words and deeds of literati at that time rationally and emotionally.

For example, there are many famous articles about homesickness in ancient literature. When teaching, arouse students' life experience, contact the specific background of the work, and let students produce a * * * voice from the bottom of their hearts.

Emotional interaction should run through the teaching of the history of ancient literature, which can be a leisurely affection for the splendid culture of the motherland, a generous description of a literary phenomenon, a deep sympathy for a writer's situation, a profound interpretation of a work, and so on. Teachers' emotions in teaching will exert a subtle influence on students, stimulate students' interest in learning and research, and multiply the teaching effect.

Third, the collision of ideas: the significance of the teaching of ancient literary history to the exploration of humanistic spirit lies in the enlightenment of traditional life spirit to modern survival. The teaching of the history of ancient literature should not only guide students into the past and re-experience the humanistic realm reached by literary works themselves, but also go out and base themselves on the present, so that students' own humanistic spirit feelings can be integrated into the realm of humanistic significance conveyed by the text. In the process of teaching, interpreting the new value connotation and spiritual significance of classic texts with the present consciousness is not only a remodeling of ancient literary works, but also a crucial inheritance.

Due to the hidden characteristics of ancient literature, the complexity of literary theories in past dynasties and the distance from the times, there are differences, fractures and even deviations between the values of modern people and the ancients, which makes the understanding of the meaning and spirit of ancient literary works more complicated in the current teaching environment. In teaching, there will be conceptual contradictions between teachers and students. As a teacher, don't be afraid to avoid such contradictions. In a relaxed atmosphere, talk with students patiently and equally. In this collision of ideas, we can not only correct some extreme, superficial, one-sided and even wrong ideas of students, but also narrow the distance between teachers and modern students' ideological and spiritual world, which provides an opportunity for teachers to correct some outdated ideas to some extent.

Such ideological collision is very common in the teaching of ancient literary history, such as the evaluation of Qu Yuan's death and Du Fu's evaluation? Loyalty? Teachers can guide moderately, but they don't have to rush to find the answers to all the questions in class. Some problems are still controversial in the theoretical circle at present, or can't be solved at once in class. You can leave questions for students to study further and learn with questions.

References:

[1] Yuan Xingpei. China literature history [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1999.

[2] Wu Xiaoru. The study and teaching of the history of China literature [J]. Literary heritage, 1995438+0, (3).

Zong Baihua. Aesthetic walk [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House, 198 1.

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