Artistic Features and Aesthetic Value of Miao Embroidery

Miao embroidery is a unique embroidery art, a wonderful flower with great charm and national characteristics in China folk art treasure house, which is called "He Neng" or "Meng Neng" in Miao language. Miao Xiu has a long history. Miao embroidery, as a craft, has a very close relationship with the life of Miao people, with distinctive national characteristics and local flavor, and has this unique artistic feature in pattern composition, pattern modeling characteristics and fine craftsmanship.

First, the unique form of pattern composition

The pattern composition of Miao embroidery can be summarized into three categories: abstract composition, composite composition and random composition. (1) Abstract composition: Miao Xiu's description of natural scenery and historical stories usually adopts highly generalized induction, which is represented by geometric patterns of points, lines and surfaces. The whole pattern is unique in modeling and has a strong aesthetic feeling of abstract form. (2) Composite composition: Composite composition refers to the use of "reciprocity" principle, through modeling methods such as association and fantasy, so that various images of animals or plants with certain internal laws or connections overlap and are interrelated, thus forming a new image. (3) Arbitrary composition: Arbitrary composition is a common expression method of China folk art modeling, especially the arbitrariness of Miao embroidery modeling. This creative method is arbitrary and relaxed, and the description of objective things is subjective and arbitrary. The creator presses his beloved image with emotion, which is a manifestation of freedom, consciousness and purpose. In these subjective and solipsistic creations, in aesthetic themes and objects, and in Miao Xiu, this randomness is manifested in how to embroider. Wild boar has only three legs, flowers in different seasons can bloom at the same time, and everything in different space, time and place can be depicted in the same picture. Things that seem unreasonable in real life become simple, natural and innocent through the hands of embroidery workers.

Second, the characteristics of pattern modeling

The chaotic thinking of expressing group creativity is an important feature of Miao Xiu's modeling, and Miao Xiu's modeling is also inherited. Regionality and interpenetration, as well as perceptual modeling under the original concept and allegorical modeling under the observation of the concept.

Third, the characteristics of collective inheritance

Miao embroidery modeling is an artistic activity created collectively by Miao women. Women in different regions can knit and embroider. Such a huge creative group is rare in China folk arts and crafts production activities.

Miao people don't have their own writing. Miao people living in different areas have experienced the changes of the times, and it is difficult to unify their languages. Without the aesthetic taste and thoughts contained in Miao Xiu's unique artistic language, Miao Xiu, as a stylized writing symbol, has been passed down in folk customs, making Miao Xiu popular for thousands of years and forming a stable folk cultural element, which has been passed down to future generations and continues to this day.

Fourth, regional characteristics.

Due to many reasons, such as the multiple migration of Miao nationality, the development of different primitive tribes within Miao nationality, the development and imbalance within Miao society, and the differences in Miao culture, customs and aesthetic concepts, the embroidery patterns and shapes of Miao nationality have distinct regional characteristics. The description of Miao costumes in Huang Qinggong Tu proves that Miao embroidery has regional characteristics.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) interpenetration characteristics

Culture and art are closely related to the times and will change with the changes of the times. The blending of Miao costume culture is mainly manifested in two aspects: one is the close cultural blending among the branches within the Miao nationality, and the other is the cultural interaction and blending between the Miao nationality and other ethnic groups, which makes the Miao costume culture, especially costume embroidery, present diverse characteristics.

Sixth, the characteristics of perceptual modeling

Perceptual modeling refers to a conceptual modeling method that people get by synthesizing the perception, vision and touch of objective objects. It is used to express all the thoughts and feelings of the objective object to things, and does not pursue subtle light and shadow changes and accurate proportional relations. The second is to pay attention to rationality, psychological feelings and visual aesthetic needs. This perceptual pattern is obvious in Miao Xiu. For example, in Miao embroidery, the image of a dragon consists of a head, a snake, talons, shark fins and shark fins.

Seven. Implicit modeling

Moral modeling refers to the process of synthesizing, sorting out, processing and creating through the understanding of the feelings, perceptions, feelings and impressions of objective things, expressing certain emotions and artistic conception, thus creating an artistic image.

Many works in Miao Xiu's designs contain potential symbolic meanings of the opposite sex. The main modeling methods are: homophonic modeling (there are more lotus flowers than fish), false modeling, associative modeling, symbolic modeling (ten thousand words are not sealed, symbolizing immortality) and antonym expression modeling (such as embroidering five poisons on children's belly pockets to ward off evil spirits and eliminate disasters).

Aesthetic Value of Miao Embroidery

Miao embroidery is an important part of Miao cultural system, and it is the tangible carrier and intangible expression of Miao material culture and spiritual culture. It not only has profound cultural connotation, but also has extremely high artistic aesthetic value. The unique aesthetic taste of Miao embroidery patterns shows the primitive and simple advocating consciousness of Miao people, and also reflects the colorful and harmonious beauty of mutual infiltration and blending between other ethnic groups and contemporary art.

Miao Xiu is the harmonious unity of truth, goodness and beauty, and it also shows the dual mechanism of "utility" and "beauty". Beauty in Miao Xiu is not an abstract thing, but is linked with reality. Miao embroidery patterns can be divided into two categories:

One is the true description of objective images in real life, such as flowers, fish, insects, birds, livestock, sun, moon and stars. There are few artificial stiff marks in this pattern, so it is original, true, vivid and vivid. It is the creator's sincere praise for nature with his true spirit, and it also makes the displayed patterns show an indescribable natural charm and look very beautiful.

The other is the patterns reconstructed through changes, such as various dragons, phoenixes, unicorns, the combination of man and beast, Wan Ziwen and so on. The most prominent feature of this kind of pattern is the interweaving of fantasy and reality, as well as the application of abstract and figurative techniques. These patterns are almost not objects or scenes that people can directly observe from a fixed perspective in daily life, but the true expression of the author's mind, the natural harmony between heart and things, and the natural expression of true feelings. Although there are some reasonable and unreasonable places, people still feel cordial, cordial, beautiful and moved after reading it.

Because Miao Xiu's art is closely connected with real life, in this artistic activity, material production and spiritual production are intertwined, creating a product with both practical value and aesthetic function-Miao Xiu. Through the attachment to clothing, Miao Xiu embodies the unity of practicality and decoration, and is an aesthetic creation with the unity of material practicality and spiritual aesthetic utility, which shows his unique national aesthetic taste. Therefore, it can be said that Miao embroidery is a living art and a practical aesthetic. It is not only the embodiment of Miao women's intelligence and aesthetic value, but also the record of Miao history, culture, customs and religious beliefs, and also shows a distinctive national spirit.