Accounting treatment of value added tax

With the further deepening of tax reform, the main force of tax authorities will gradually shift to daily and key tax inspections, thus establishing a new pattern of tax collection and management with centralized declaration and key inspection. In the process of tax inspection, the warehousing of tax arrears is the key link of tax inspection, which often involves the reconciliation of tax arrears. How to do a good job of reconciliation after tax inspection in time and correctly? It is not only related to the timely and full storage of national taxes, but also directly affects the function of tax inspection. This paper intends to introduce this in detail with examples.

First, analysis of accounting treatment methods for tax arrears

The "Measures" stipulate that enterprises subject to VAT inspection should set up a special account for "tax payable-VAT inspection and adjustment" if they need to pay back taxes. This subject is an adjustment subject, and its main purpose is to adjust the amount of taxes payable and other related subjects involved in tax inspection. The credit of this account shall record the reduced input tax, the increased output tax and the transferred input tax; The debit of this account shall record the book input tax and the amount that should be increased or decreased in the input tax. Therefore, after inspection, we should reduce the book input tax or increase the book output tax and input tax, debit the relevant subjects and credit the subjects; After inspection, the book input tax should be increased or the output tax and input tax should be reduced, and the transferred amount should be debited to this account and credited to related accounts. After all reconciliation items are recorded, the balance of this account should be settled.

According to the Notice of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China City, People's Republic of China (PRC) on How to Determine the Amount of Tax Evasion and Tax Evasion Penalty for General VAT Taxpayers (Guo Shui Fa [1998] No.66), tax evasion should be handled according to the different situations of taxpayers. That is, according to the total output tax and input tax (including current tax exemption) of the general taxpayer after inspection and verification, the total payable tax in the current period is calculated according to the formula of "taxable amount = current output tax-current input tax" (that is, the final balance of the subject of "payable tax-payable value-added tax" is obtained). If the tax payable is positive (that is, the balance is in the credit), the tax should be paid back. If the enterprise carries forward the unpaid or overpaid taxes to the subject of "Taxes Payable-Unpaid VAT" at the end of the month, resulting in a negative tax payable (balance), after the balance of the subject of "Taxes Payable-VAT Inspection and Adjustment" is completed, the following reconciliation should be made:

1. If the balance of this account is debited, it will all be regarded as input tax. According to the debit balance, debit the account of "tax payable-value-added tax payable (input tax)" and credit this account.

2. If the balance of this account is in the credit, but there is no balance in the account of "tax payable-value-added tax payable", according to the credit balance, debit this account and credit the account of "tax payable-value-added tax payable".

3. If the balance of this account is in the credit, and the debit balance of the subject "Taxable payable-VAT payable" is equal to or greater than the credit balance of this account, the account shall be debited according to the credit balance, and the account "Taxable payable-VAT payable" shall be credited. That is, during the inspection period, the debit balance (tax exemption) of the subject of "tax payable-value-added tax payable" decreased.

4. If the balance of this subject is in the credit, and the debit balance of the subject of "tax payable-value-added tax payable" is less than the credit balance of the undergraduate purpose, the balance of these two subjects should be offset, and the difference should be credited to the subject of "tax payable-value-added tax payable". That is, according to the balance of this account, debit the subject of "tax payable-VAT inspection and adjustment" and credit the subject of "tax payable-VAT payable". At the same time, debit the subject of "tax payable-VAT payable" and credit the subject of "tax payable-VAT unpaid".

The above accounting adjustments shall be made according to the tax payment period.

Generally speaking, the methods for handling the amount of overdue tax stipulated in the Measures can be summarized as follows: First, when there is a debit balance in the subject of "Taxes payable-VAT inspection and adjustment", it can be carried forward to the current or next tax period as the enterprise's remaining tax credit (un-deducted input tax) according to the provisions of the Provisional Regulations on VAT; Second, when there is a credit balance in the subject of Taxable Payable-VAT Inspection and Adjustment, if the enterprise has tax reduction or exemption in the current period (that is, there is a debit balance in the subject of Taxable Payable-VAT Payable), it can be deducted first, and if there is still a difference after deduction, it will be carried forward to the subject of Taxable Payable-VAT Unpaid, and then it will be written off when the supplementary taxes are collected by the enterprise. If there is no tax credit in the current period, it will be carried forward to the subject of "tax payable-unpaid value-added tax" as unpaid tax, and will be written off when the tax checked and supplemented by the enterprise is put into storage.

Secondly, it introduces an example of accounting treatment of tax arrears.

Example1:1In June 1998, after the tax inspection team checked the financial books of Company A, it made the following treatment:

1.A Company provides the purchased goods to other units as investment, but fails to declare and pay taxes as deemed sales, and shall pay value-added tax of 85,000 yuan;

2. The input tax of raw materials and related materials collected by the staff canteen of Company A has not been transferred out, and the deducted input tax should be deducted by more than 26,000 yuan;

3. Company A has obtained the legal deduction certificate for the freight paid for the purchase of raw materials, but has not accrued the input tax deduction, so it can make up the input tax 13 1000 yuan.

The accounting treatment of Company A is as follows:

1 loan: long-term investment of 85,000 yuan.

Loan: Taxes payable-VAT check and adjustment of 85,000.

2 Borrow: 26,000 welfare funds should be paid.

Credit: Taxes payable-VAT check adjusted by 26,000.

3. Debit: Taxes payable-VAT check adjustment 13 1000

Loan: raw materials 13 1000.

4. Debit the balance of the subject "Taxes payable-VAT payable for inspection and adjustment" to the subject "Taxes payable-VAT payable";

Borrow: Taxes payable-VAT payable 2000.

Credit: Taxes payable-VAT check adjustment 2000

Taxes payable-VAT inspection and adjustment

Long-term investment 85000

Welfare expenses payable: 26,000 yuan.

Raw materials 13 1000

Taxes payable-VAT payable in 2000.

Example 2: The data is the same as example 1, but the three items of "input tax payable" are changed to 10000 yuan, assuming that Company A has no balance at the end of the period of "tax payable-value-added tax payable". Then the accounting entries of 1, 2, and 3 are the same as those of example 1 (see T-type account), but at this time "tax payable-VAT check adjustment" is the credit balance, which is reflected in the tax payable and should be carried forward to the "tax payable-VAT unpaid" account:

4. Debit: tax payable-VAT check adjustment 1 1000

Loan: taxes payable-unpaid value-added tax 1 1000.

Example 3: The data is the same as that in Example 2. Assume that the debit balance of "tax payable-value-added tax payable" of Company A at the end of the period is 654.38+0.8 million yuan. Then the accounting entries of 1, 2, 3 are the same as in Example 2 (see T-account), and the four accounting entries are as follows:

4. Debit: tax payable-VAT check adjustment 1 1000

Loan: Taxes payable-VAT payable 1 1000.

Example 4: The data is the same as in Example 2. Assuming that the debit balance of "tax payable-VAT payable" of Company A at the end of the period is 65,438+00,000 yuan, the accounting entries of 65,438+0,2,3 are the same as in Example 2 (see T-account), and the four accounting entries are as follows:

4. Debit: tax payable-VAT check adjustment 1 1000

Loan: Taxes payable-VAT payable 1 1000.

5 Meanwhile:

Debit: Taxes payable-VAT payable 1000.

Loan: taxes payable-unpaid value-added tax 1000.

Or as:

Debit: Taxes payable-VAT check adjustment 1 1000

Loan: Taxes payable-VAT payable 10000.

Taxes payable-unpaid VAT 10000

Example 5: A sum of money attached to a company's accounts payable. The goods have been issued but have not been invoiced. After the IRS investigation, it is necessary to pay taxes.

1, VAT accrued

Suppose the business happened in the current year:

Debit: accounts payable

Loan: income from main business

Taxable amount-VAT check adjustment

Suppose the business happened in the previous year:

Debit: accounts payable

Credit: adjustment of profit and loss in previous years

Taxable amount-VAT check adjustment

2. Carry forward VAT payable.

Debit: Tax payable-VAT check adjustment

Credit: Taxes payable-VAT unpaid