The moral of the case of pine and crane

The patterns of pine trees and cranes symbolize longevity.

People in China regard pine trees as a symbol of firmness, chastity and longevity.

Crane is considered as a symbol of good luck. In the history of China, it is recognized as a first-class literary bird. The Ming and Qing Dynasties endowed the red-crowned crane with the cultural connotation of loyalty, integrity and nobility. Civil servants' supplementary clothing, a kind of embroidered red-crowned crane by civil servants, is listed as an important symbol after the royal dragon and phoenix, so people also call the crane "the bird of one product".

People also regard cranes as symbols of high officials. A picture of Ji Xiangwen standing on the rock at the head of the tide, taking the homonym of "tide" and "dynasty" as a symbol of "one product in power" like a prime minister; The design of crane flying in the clouds symbolizes "one product rises high"; The picture of cranes flying at sunrise symbolizes "the rising of the sun". ?

In fact, the legendary crane is the red-crowned crane, a large wading bird that lives in swamps or shallow water, and is often called the "God of Wetlands". It has nothing to do with pine trees growing in high mountains and hills. However, because the life span of red-crowned cranes is as long as 50 ~ 60 years, people often paint pine trees as a symbol of longevity. ?

Residents in East Asia use red-crowned cranes to symbolize happiness, auspiciousness, longevity and loyalty. It often appears in literary and artistic works of various countries. In the tombs of the Yin and Shang Dynasties, the image of cranes appeared in sculptures. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, bronze bells and crane-shaped ritual vessels appeared.

Extended data

As early as 2 100 years ago, red-crowned cranes were clearly painted on lacquerware unearthed from Han tombs in Mancheng, Hebei Province. Lu Qiaoru, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (BC 156-BC 143) wrote Ode to the Crane, and pointed out at the beginning that the red-crowned crane was "the gateway of Bai Niao". Lu Ji, a Wu native of the Three Kingdoms, described it in detail in Poems on Plants, Birds, Animals, Insects and Fish: "As big as a goose, with long feet, green wings, more than three feet high, bald head and red eyes, and a beak more than four inches long and pure white."

There are many sentences describing red-crowned cranes by poets in Tang Dynasty. For example, Xue Neng wrote in "Answering Jia's envoy to send a crane": "The strange posture of Rui Yu is staggering, and it is called" the fairy controls the green ghost ". Bai Juyi said in "Pool River": "Bowing your head is afraid of cinnabar falling, and when you dry your wings, you always doubt that the snow will disappear." Zhang Ben also said, "Woding's fresh hair is tame, but Sha Ting's leisure is difficult. "sentence.

It can be seen that the ancients believed that the beauty of the red-crowned crane lies in the harmony of its whole body, and the mystery of this beauty is undoubtedly because it has a (Zhu) top and cinnabar on the top of the jade cream, which is elegant, romantic and unforgettable. The evaluation of the red-crowned crane by Wang in Fang Qunpu in Ming Dynasty is: "The body is white, so the color is white;" I heard the sky, so my head turned red. "

Also: "Dan has red eyes, red cheeks and green feet." In red-crowned cranes and most other cranes, there is a bright red bare skin above the neck, which is actually a mixture of skin color and blood color.

Pine painting art: Pine has masculine beauty, its branches are characterized by both rigidity and softness, and pine leaves give people a sense of detachment. It is auspicious tree in our nation's mind and a symbol of evergreen.

Pine trees, some like dragons, are called pine trees. Their branches are varied, straight and straightforward, winding, showing the shape of dragons exploring green hills; There are also some songs that are straight and extraordinary, such as dragons entering the sea; Some giant arms cover the sky, are tall and resolute, and have the potential to rise from the ground and soar through the clouds. Pine is one of the most widely used tree species in landscape painting. It grows both in the wilderness and on the top of the mountain.

Pine trees can also be represented as the main image. Pine trees growing on fertile plains are tall and lush, and often stand tall and straight into the clouds; Growing in the crevices of rocks, it often twists and turns, and the land is like a black dragon. They have the same characteristics: when they grow to a certain age, the branches no longer grow tall, but more branches extend horizontally to form an umbrella shape, "branches are like Youlong, leaves are like Xiangfeng".

To draw a pine tree, we must first "move with emotion". Hao Jing, a master of landscape painting in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, saw the graceful posture of pine trees and "rewarded them for their differences".

If you take a pen to copy tomorrow, every tens of thousands of copies will be like real ones. This "truth" is not as simple as taking a photo, but captures the soul of the pine tree, enabling it to depict that the pine tree is "covered with old fur and scales flying in the air", and it wants to "cling to the clouds", "cling to the knot" or "dig out the roots". It is because of Hao Jing's deep affection for pine trees that he can make careful observation and study and realize the wonderful principle of painting pine trees.

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