Where was Liu Linchuan born?

Liu Linchuan (1859- 1932), formerly known as Zhao, praised Linchuan literature, took the meaning of "according to Linchuan's pen" in Teng Xu, cut it off as Yantan, a native of Changzhou (Suzhou), and lived in the lane. In his early years, he liked reading and painting. He studied under the old painters Li Yangquan, Zhu, Zhai Qinfeng, Qin Feng, his father Da Kun, Huang Zungu and Wang. From the original Zieba to Linchuan, he made landscapes and used the original neat brushwork to learn the layout of Wang Shigu.

Chinese name: Liu Linchuan

Alias: formerly known as Zhao Shi

Nationality: China.

Date of birth: 1859

Date of death: 1932

Occupation: calligrapher

Representative works: Hualin Mountain Monument and Shi Guwen.

introduce

1, personal data

Liu Linchuan (1859- 1932) was originally named Zhao, with the word Linchuan. He was born in Yantan, Changzhou (Suzhou), and lived in Ji You Lane.

Step 2 live

In his early years, he liked reading and painting. He studied under the old painters Li Yangquan, Zhu, Zhai Qinfeng, Qin Feng, his father Da Kun, his grandfathers Huang Zungu and Wang. From the original Zieba to Linchuan, he made landscapes and used the original neat brushwork to learn the layout of Wang Shigu. His works are elegant and smart, describing the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, with beautiful and elegant colors and the legacy of Wu Pai's painting. He is also good at copying ancient paintings, especially the "Four Heavenly Kings" along the way, which is simply confusing. He is also good at flowers, so he got the rhyme of Nanchang field. His calligraphy is based on Cao Li's seal script, and he does everything he can, especially seal script, which has won the favor of various factions in Qin, Han, Six Dynasties, Jin and Tang Dynasties.

Personal work

works

Representative works include Hualin Mountain Monument, Shi Guwen and Inscription of Lin Sandi. Trying to build a "deep place of martial arts" for Lu in Tianguanfang, from composition design to calligraphy painting, people are in charge, which shows its solid foundation.

1925 Up to now, he has been a lecturer in Chinese painting at Suzhou Academy of Fine Arts, conscientious and meticulous. There are many creations during this period. He has participated in the Suzhou Art Painting Competition organized by Yan and Yang Zuotao, and has successively exhibited landscapes, flowers and birds, such as Autumn Sails Returning to Xing, Three Friends in the Cold Year, Bird Tales, Imitation of Sinon Landscape, and Imitation of the Original Style. 1929 wrote "Imitating Yang Chunshan Map" and "Xiting Wild Interest Map", both of which were published in Wuzhong Neiren Painting and Calligraphy Collection. 193 1 July, participated in the "Suzhou-Shanghai Celebrity Painting and Calligraphy Exhibition" and drew a picture of "Jiangnan Spring Day". At the same time, he is very kind. 1930, he and Zhang, Fei initiated the organization of "Winter Painting and Calligraphy Pan Club", donated calligraphy and paintings, and sold them at high prices to help the poor. 1932, he painted a picture of Qiu Jiang and dedicated it to Suzhou orphanage. Later, it was exhibited and sold as a donation. "Suzhou Ming Pao" praised his kindness with the title "Biography of Today's Painting Collection". Wen said, "It is called Linchuan, so there is no Yandang Lake. I am Sue's old painter. This summer, people who have been ill for several months have stayed in Huo Ran for a long time. However, a year has passed and the spirit has not fully recovered. Recently, I sealed a trip, and the unpublished paintings were for charity, so I made an exception. "

Liu Linchuan's Four Landscape Spells

Interpretation: ① The pen of Old Collection of Pan Lian's Nest is slightly like ploughing cigarettes. Now I see two idiots have changed their methods a little. This is intended to be realized by two families. Liu Zhao in Yantan recorded the mist and moist raspberry moss, and the thatched cottage was boiled by water. I didn't realize that Qiu Ke had done this, and red leaves flowed through the stream from time to time. On the other side, the peach blossoms are crimson, and the east wind is rustling. In March, Jiangnan Spring is good, all in one boat. I have read this book by Huang Zhang. I admire his plan to live in Wumen.

Liu Linchuan and Lion Forest

Speaking of Liu Linchuan, first of all, let me briefly talk about the Lujia family in Tianguanfang. Tian Lushi lived in the former residence of Qin Wang, the prime minister of Ming Dynasty. According to the legend handed down from generation to generation by Lujia and unofficial history's records, Lujia was originally a descendant of Wen Jian in Ming Dynasty. When Emperor Yongle seized the throne, his descendants fled abroad. One of them changed his surname to Deng and lived in Hunan, and the other changed his surname to Lu, hiding in the south of the Yangtze River, and then settled in Tianguanfang. It has been more than 500 years. The ancient buildings such as Qingyin Hall in Tianguanfang are currently one of the largest traditional houses in Suzhou, and most of them are still inhabited by descendants of Lu. At the beginning of this century, the owners of Lion Forest Garden, Bei Runsheng and Lu Jia, became their children's in-laws, so the two families had close contacts.

Liu Linchuan, formerly known as Zhao, was a famous painter in Suzhou in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. In the 1920s and 1930s, Liu Linchuan spent more than ten years in the earthen house of Tianguanfang. According to relevant records, Liu studied under Wang in his early years, and later studied under the layout of Wang Shigu, depicting the landscapes in the south of the Yangtze River, with exquisite works. Liu's family is poor, and he often lives in the house of the public as a squire, and he is also a teacher-friend relationship with the Lu family. Liu is kind, can do as the Romans do, elegant and deep, but brilliant, difficult to know. At that time, painters liked to gather in the garden to discuss art, so Liu made an in-depth study of the connotation of garden culture and art.

When Liu Linchuan was in Lujia, it happened that Lujia built a eunuch to build a teahouse in the depths of Wuyuan, which was second to none in Suzhou at that time. The design of "Wuyuan" and the painting and calligraphy of indoor furnishings are managed by Liu Yi, which has been well reflected after its completion.

After Bei Runsheng bought the lion forest, Liu Linchuan was invited to repair the garden and redraw the lion forest map because of his relatives. In order to make the Yuanyuan Garden here a city, Bei Runsheng also paid Liu Linchuan to visit many places of interest before repairing the garden, so as to learn from others and decorate the landscape. At that time, Biyun Temple in Xiangshan, Beijing was building the coffin of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in Feng 'an, and the new building materials and decorations adopted had a great influence on Liu Linchuan. The existing flower glass decoration and cement wisteria frame in Lion Forest were the most fashionable structures at that time.

Lion Forest was originally a temple garden, and Bayes added a family temple. Although Liu Linchuan is a painter, he is well versed in heavenly stems and earthly branches's theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements and Taoism. He believes that the lion forest is a good place for Buddhism, the temple is built to pray for longevity, and the landscape should take the meaning of "being blessed by good". So taking "Nafu" as the theme, the word "Fu" was engraved on the plaque at the entrance of the temple, echoing the word "fun" at the entrance of the garden. In the park, the water surface and mountains are expanded to the west, and the mountains are reflected in the lake, which expands the space, and a curved bridge is built to connect the east and west rockeries. Digging a fish pond in a rockery cave and dividing it into two parts means "two dragons take water", which can "infiltrate" Feng Shui and increase the owner's happiness.

According to Liu Linchuan's vision, the plane layout of this garden with the theme of "Fu" consists of a straight line and a circular curve, with the north-south central axis on the east side and four entrances entering from the zhaobi. The building is neat and elegant, and it is the Bayesian Ancestral Hall and some houses. On the west side is a landscape garden, connecting halls, halls, buildings and pavilions. A winding corridor is connected in series to form a closed loop surrounded by rockeries and pools. This is a beautiful garden.

Lion Forest is famous for its rockery. This rockery can be regarded as a high mountain or a mountain in Taihu Lake. Although the rockery group only occupies one square inch of land, it is like a labyrinth of gossip, with hidden mysteries. The longer it goes around, the better it tastes. The entrance is provided with blind roads and circular roads, which are blocked with fish ponds. Liu Linchuan added some contents when rebuilding the lion forest for the shellfish family, enriching the rockery landscape, such as Jiushi Peak. As a large overlapping peak of Taihu Lake, it seems that nine lions plays with each other between similarity and dissimilarity, which is both interesting and in line with the meaning of the Lion Forest. In the courtyard in front of Li Xuetang, Taihu stones are stacked to form pictographic cows and crabs, named "cows eat crabs"; On the other side of the courtyard, there is a lifelike lion in Taihu Lake. It is looking back to see how cows eat crabs. It is both natural and ingenious, which makes people look interesting.

In fact, the inscription of "true interest" in Qianlong of Lion Forest should be based on the original inscription of "true interest" brick in the garden, and the word "involved" indicates that there is a rockery on the water. To this end, Liu Linchuan added a lion-shaped stone to the pool. Whenever the moon falls at the top of the pavilion at about 3 a.m. on the 16th day of the eighth lunar month (formerly known as Yin Shi), you can see the spectacle of "holding the moon lion in the pool". The author has made many field trips. Judging from the position of Shifeng in the Lion Forest now, it is very likely that the calculation of the "Spitting Moon Peak" in the old scene of Lion Forest is wrong and it can't "spit" the moon, so this scene was added to replace it when it was rebuilt. In order to design this landscape, Liu Linchuan built a rockery in my yard to do experiments, but the scale was slightly smaller. This rockery is still alive, and its ideas and techniques can be used for reference by interested people.

When Liu Linchuan repaired the rockery, he also specially embodied the original Buddhist interest of the lion forest. For example, the rockery on the west side of the Lotus Hall enters the dark hole from the light, which is dim at first. When he stepped forward, he set up a stone table and a stone pier for people to sit temporarily. The beauty lies in the slight inclination of the stone pier. When people sit on it, they naturally lean forward and can see the light in front and the road behind, which makes people feel the artistic conception of this scene, so it is called "Daodaodun".

In the process of transformation, Liu Linchuan also added some contents, which are also worth remembering.

For example, the fan pavilion in the southwest corner of the garden was designed by Liu Linchuan. Most of the ancient buildings in China dealt with turning by opening doors, but Liu was ingenious, setting up pavilions, cutting corners into circles, and planting banana and bamboo stones against the wall. Dog days, dusk (after 7 pm), the east wind is off, and the west wind rises. Because of the return air from the promenade and the garden wall, the wind in Fan Pavilion is strong, and its pavilion name is closely related to the pavilion scenery. If you play the piano in the pavilion, the sound of bananas and music are like heaven and earth. Liu also presided over the heightening of the Wen Tianxiang Poetry Pavilion in the South Corridor, which was condescending, even higher than the Zhenqu Pavilion and the Imperial Monument Pavilion symbolizing imperial power. This not only enhances the ups and downs of the corridor, but also reflects his character and sentiment. For another example, a waterfall was added to the rockery in the west, which enhanced the movement of the water features in the lion forest. At this time, the most talked about stone boat was added, which was specially built by the Bayes family at that time to let the guests enjoy the dishes on board in the garden. Although it can be discussed in shape, it has many merits in landscape integrity and function, and it also plays a role in shielding the space transition of high-rise buildings from excessive oppression on the water surface in group landscape, avoiding the unobstructed view of the buildings in the north of the pool, and is also loved by today's tourists.

When Liu Linchuan rebuilt the lion forest, he drew a panoramic view of the lion forest and recorded the landscape of the rebuilt garden. Whether the whole painting carved on the partition of Yan Yutang's back screen is the original painting remains to be verified. There are many paintings about the lion forest in history, but few are panoramic. Therefore, some people praised this painting as the second painting after Ni Yunlin, and gave a high evaluation. Liu Linchuan once wrote a couplet: "The world makes the sky three points wide; Leave a little seed to plant Sun Geng in your heart. " It is also a portrayal of yourself.

There are not many narrators about Liu Linchuan's life and painting achievements. The author is a descendant of Lu. He was lucky enough to know him when he was young and was deeply impressed by his character and knowledge. The newly compiled Suzhou Chronicle records that he died in 1932, which is suspected to be later. Other historical materials need further study.

(Lu) According to

evaluate

He is kind, sincere and elder. 1928 In the summer, Suzhou Artists Association held a meeting in Canglang Pavilion. Yan Chunsheng and Jiang Yi 'an were honored as the three stars of Fu Lushou and the three elders of painting circles.