Steps to make-up for Dan role in Peking Opera

Steps of Danjiao Makeup in Peking Opera

Danjiao, refers to the female figure in opera, which can be divided into the categories of Qingyi, Hua Dan, Dagger and Horse Dan, Wudan, Lao Dan, and Cai Dan. Below I have searched and organized the steps of Danjiao makeup in Peking Opera for you, I hope it will help you.

One, the basic makeup steps of the face of the Dan role

The Dan role in Peking Opera, including Qingyi, Hua Dan, saber Dan, Wu Dan, before the performance of the performance should be based on the characteristics of the characters played in the play to carry out the makeup and decoration of the face and head. Dan actor makeup is divided into shoot base color, shoot blush, set makeup, apply rouge, painting eye circles, painting eyebrows, painting lips, strangulation, paste pieces, combing and tying, inserting and wearing head and face and other procedures.

1, shoot the base color: the base color from the red and white make-up oil color blending into tender flesh color. The shade of the base color should be differentiated according to the strength of the stage lights, the age and identity of the characters. The order of shooting the base color is the first brain, nose, chin and then shoot the cheeks, cheeks and neck. Be careful to shoot the base color, not wipe, and be sure to shoot evenly. Also note that the eyebrows and eyes, nose nest, corners of the mouth, corners of the eyes and other small parts of the face, neither color too thin, revealing the skin color, nor too thick, such as wearing a mask.

2, apply blush: big red make-up oil paint-based, slightly rose red. The method is from the eye sockets, the bridge of the nose on both sides of the start, press the eyebrows, and then from the top to the bottom, from the middle to the sides, from deep to shallow, evenly patted, until the color with the bottom color into one color. The upper eyelid area is the most red, pay attention to the bridge of the nose, the corners of the mouth and the base color articulation of the parts of the natural transition, do not have obvious red and white boundaries. Apply blush in the skills to pay attention to the characteristics of the face according to change, to make up for the defects, beautify the role of the face. Such as round face blush up and down; long face blush to the horizontal broadening, and then through the sticker skills to help actors change the length of the face fat and thin.

3, fixed makeup: that is, the powder, in the pat on the oil on a thin layer of grease powder, can make the oil look fixed in the face. Dressing powder should first start from the brain, nose and base color part of the beginning, and then dress the blush part, dress well and then gently dusted with a brush to floating powder.

4, coated with rouge: with big red, lotus, he red and other colors of rouge coated in the blush part. The method is from the eye sockets and the bridge of the nose on both sides, below the eyebrows to start, from top to bottom, from light to deep. The focus should be on the upper eyelids, the lower eyelids and cheeks should gradually transition to the same shade as the base color. The role of rouge is to make the facial color more vivid.

5, drawing eye circles: eyes are the windows of the soul, but also the key part of the actor to reveal the mood of the characters. So draw the eye circle to draw a vivid charm to play the role of supporting the actor's performance. At the same time, drawing eye circles should also be based on the size of the actor's eyes, face fat and thin, the proportion of the exaggeration. Drawing eye circles with an eyebrow pencil or pot smoke, from the lower eyelid drawing, widening the outline of the upper and lower eye circles. Dan actor is basically in the form of wind eyes, the outer corners of the eyes slightly upward, giving a sense of flattery. Eye small, eye circle line can be drawn larger; eye large, eye circle line can be drawn smaller; eye round, eye circle can be drawn longer; eye long, eye circle can be drawn round; two eyes close to the distance; two eyes far away can be drawn closer.

6, drawing eyebrows: that is, with the pot smoke and eyebrows black pen in the original eyebrows on the basis of exaggeration, such as green, flower Dan to draw willow leaf eyebrows; Wu Dan, knife horse Dan to draw the sword eyebrow; color Dan to draw eight eyebrows. Drawing the length of the eyebrows, thickness and curvature should also be combined with the actor's face, features, from the overall coordination and make up, with a pot of smoke to play a good eyebrow to have a furry three-dimensional sense.

7, painting lips: that is, the outline of the upper and lower lips with large red oil paint. The painting method that takes the actor's lips for the opposite principle of sketching: such as the mouth is big, can paint small painting thin; mouth is small, can paint big painting thick; mouth drum, can paint deflated; mouth deflated, can be painted drum, so as to give full play to the role of painting the beautification of the lips.

In make-up, but also pay attention to the characters and the differences between the lines, such as: the green coat to appear solemn, elegant, so the base color to be lighter, blush parts to be smaller, the color should also be lighter, willow leaf eyebrows, Dan Feng eyes, eye circles should not be too heavy, too wide; most of the flower girl is young, lively, innocent, so the base color is slightly deeper, blush parts are slightly larger, to show the youthful vitality, the eyebrows should be thin, thin and sharp, the middle slightly, thick and curved, was a youthful energy. Middle slightly, thick and curved, was a string moon type; mouth should be small, rounded, the corners of the mouth slightly upward. Some of the flower Dan's Hall of Fame should also draw a red dot, look naive, lovely; Wu Dan and knife horse Dan's base color should be deeper, blush parts should be bigger, in order to indicate the character matchmaker robust and brave.

Two, the head of the Dan actor make-up

(a) the art of strong contrast paste piece

"Mulan rhetoric" in the cloud: "when the window sideburns, to the mirror to paste the flower yellow," has already been chanting out the The aesthetic ideals of ancient Chinese women. Peking Opera Dan character makeup powder face, red lips, e eyebrows, phoenix eyes, cloud sideburns also to the extreme of the development of this traditional grooming methods. The technique commonly known as sticking pieces on the Dan character perfected the second step of Peking Opera make-up.

Peking Opera Danjiao paste piece can be divided into three types:

1, two willow: is an important method of past paste piece. Coupled with the Qi Mei spike to the two willow paste into the moon door type, the general scope of use is a category of ancient nymphs. Two large willow paste before and after the position, decided on the actor's fat and thin, the length of the large willow according to the face of the unwanted part of the cover, Qi brow spike can not be left too short, selected the middle part of the two eyebrows, the narrow brain to be pasted on the top, revealing the door of the brain; brain to be pasted on the bottom of the large to cover, mainly to help the actor to make up for the defects.

2, small curved, big willow: is generally the most commonly used in the role of the blue coat, flower Dan paste. In the old days, made of paper tires coated with lacquer, very rough, and then changed to human hair. After combing with shavings of water and paste in the actor's face, Qingyi to paste water folding, blocking the ears, left and right hands scrape a more laborious. Small bend and divided into seven, five two kinds, now more than one of the seven small bends, it is posted in the middle of a method, the other six were posted on both sides of the arch type. The role of these seven small bends is particularly large, it is arranged high and low, sparse and even can decide the beauty of the actor, although the face can be posted short, short face can be posted long general rule, but also only can not be expressed in words a special effect. It should be the experience and law, program and feeling of heaven. General traditional opera Danjiao small bend and big willow posting method to the duck egg shape as a standard, here is more need to combine the actors, characters, lines of standards, a comprehensive grasp.

3, crooked peach: the so-called crooked peach piece is by the character's inner emotions through technical means externalized. And opera make-up paste piece also serves the character traits of the characters. Generally, the crooked peach piece applies to the spicy Dan character, such as the nine grandmothers of "Ba Lu He" is to paste crooked peach to express the character's bold and unrestrained character. Crooked peach piece consists of three small bends and two large willows, three on the left side of the head, the right side of a small piece of bend into a crooked peach, and then broadcast flowers or wear eyebrow spikes. There is also a kind of forbidden woman, also mostly paste crooked peach piece, combing the head of the Lashou.

In short, the piece of the opera is a strong contrast with the powdered face, and an artistic effect, coupled with its curved form like a stream of clouds, constitutes a contrasting beauty with the face neatly, resulting in a Chinese, national, the inherent rhythms of the opera.

(2) baked clouds to the moon of the program norms

Some people say that the Beijing Opera costume and head has come to the end of the formal beauty, can no longer be developed, otherwise it will affect the creation of characters. Indeed, in recent years, there are some trends of pan-formal beauty, but the Peking Opera costume has its own rules. It should be a means of baking clouds and moon style, favorable to express the true feelings of the characters, in line with the identity of the characters to wear the rules, to achieve the purpose of shaping the characters of the opera.

1, the rules of the Dan actor costume: the content of the traditional theater, most of the performance of the emperor and generals, talented people, the life of the people in the city. Based on the history, clothing and headgear produced the Peking Opera Dan actor costume program. For example, the Qing Yi, in Peking Opera, is mostly the main Dan, the costume should be dignified and generous, and the outline of the eyebrows and eyes should be clear and beautiful, with the duck egg shape as the general standard. The overall effect should be elegant, basically to wear point Cui and silver ding head mainly according to the characters, plot changes to determine the changes in headgear to wear red velvet flowers, phoenix head peaches for the marriage, celebrations; to the left to wear the mushroom leaves for widowhood, widowhood; the right side of the right side to stay hair for the indication of vagrancy, distribution, madness, mental state, there are also some individual qingyi play pulling strands of children.

Qingyi theater in the big head combing, first in accordance with the conditions of the actors to decide. The high, low, thin, thick, long and short reference coefficients of the big head comb should be combined with the actor's head shape and body proportion to realize. The combed head is not pouting and not warped, and the actor's head is consistent with the paste, there is a sense of the whole, of course, the position of the big hairpin else to be accurate, after combing the appreciation of the standard to be like the actor's own hair to do the same. After combing the big head, the next procedure is to wear a head, there are three standards: the age of the characters in the play, identity; tragedy, comedy; line. Such as: tragic characters, although some plays wear Cui head, but never full of Cui, but also should let the audience see the layout of the headdress and modeling. General flower girl more than play innocent and lively girl or girl, so the color should be bright and colorful, radiant, most of them comb bun big head, with braids, bun length should be based on the actor's head to decide, in general, to moderate, conducive to the performance. The head should be combed smaller than the green clothes, the head of the bun should also play the net flower, indicating that they are not out of the maiden identity. Young girl's choice of head and face to double light rhinestone-based, full of bright and shiny head, plus a small phoenix peach embellishment, very bright and shiny. Some flower Dan play also wear an ear dug, forming a "half cock", that is, half the head of the grass flowers, half the head of the head, but also can produce a "non-work coordination", and then was inherited by the people to form a program.

Wu Dan, knife and horse Dan, they play in the play more chivalrous heroes, most of the forms of expression is also based on martial arts, so in the decorative, wearing a head surface to less and light as the basic principle. The big head requires small and tight lining, no matter do any difficult skills not to join the head. The essentials are: strangling the head to strangle the accurate position, size, tendon strength to master the right degree, study the actor's head shape and skill difficulty, consider strangling the head of the high and low, loose and tight, this scale is still rely on experience and feeling to judge. Following that, the size of the net should be appropriate, the bottom of the mouth should be tight, on the basis of which the head combed out is both scraped clean and will not be scattered. Then is the key to the water yarn, the bottom of the water yarn should be tight, so that the head of the package out of the actor to fall over the flap will never join the head. In addition, the front character should insert the face plate and embroidery ball, and the back character should insert the mushroom leaf and the right pom-pom. Reflecting the gods and ghosts in the play, the Wu Dan should play color balls, wear forehead, and its color should be matched with the costume. The color balls should be tied to the petals evenly, the silk is not crooked or oblique, and the size of the three balls should correspond to each other. There are also martial arts theater according to the identity of the characters in the head twisted horns, the method is the right and left hand each one, in the head of the repeated tie, leaving two horns, in order to show the character of the competent, simple character and identity.

Color Dan, they play a witty, funny, humorous role in the play, of course, both positive and negative characters, we have to decide the color and headdress according to the character, age, identity, basically the positive character of the color Dan comb flat three sets of ants buns, the negative character comb Suzhou pout with red pepper, the color of the net and the small decorations depending on the character.

2, flag head costume requirements: flag head, in the Beijing Opera, the application of less, but it's comb method, Dan makeup artist must master, it is difficult a technology. Flag head, from the Qing Dynasty, the flag woman's headdress, moved to the stage combing technology is the life of the prototype appropriate increase, but also more artistic. Such as the flag woman's two head changed into a green satin made of swallow tail is also after artistic processing, now on the stage. Swallow tail is based on the life of the flag women to limit the head movement to show their solemnity, to the stage to beautify the neck of the `exposed part of the performance of the character's temperament is also a good means. The main points of combing the head are: first of all, the position of the flag seat, neither forward nor backward, to be combed after the flag hair can not appear bulging, with the arm a measure of the seamlessness, the board flat to be called in line with the standard. In addition to the positive provisions of the three flowers, other decorations, jewelry, according to the identity of the role and the conditions of the actor to wear. In addition, the flag head of the Qing dynasty only wear spikes, which I am afraid is to comply with the life of the time, the court rules and set up the program.

3, the generation and application of ancient head: ancient head is the famous Peking Opera performing arts master Mr. Mei Lanfang's creation. It began with the painting "Ma Gu Xian Shou Tu", after Mr. Mei and draw on the song and dance costumes, and the combination of opera head, resulting in a new form of combing and dressing, a strong reaction at the time, breaking through the opera stage only comb the big head of a single model.

The costume head, mainly the production of headgear, of course, requires the length, size, and then according to different historical periods, according to the age of the role, identity and conditions of the actor combed out of a variety of buns and back combed one to two ponytail hairstyles to. Generally speaking, the identity of the characters to comb the main bun; maiden, to wait for the girl to comb more partial bun. The name of the bun is: a head of heavy, Erlangtan, five plum blossoms, phoenix look at the clouds, a variety of partial moon. Head more to insert and wear small ornaments.

In short, the combing of hair, head and face jewelry to wear the principle should be baked clouds to the moon type. To highlight the actor's disguise, the character of the character, the identity of the character, and more importantly, is conducive to shaping the character, to express emotion, which is our makeup, makeup art. Can not put the cart before the horse to wear a head full of beads, combed messy like graffiti, it can not serve the role of the performance.

With the development of history, artistic progress, Chinese opera art should also produce its own synchronization with the development of social vitality. The art of make-up is by no means a purely technical task, it is an important part of stage art, and it has an important relationship with lighting, costumes and scenery. With the development of the times, especially the advancement of lighting technology, the make-up of opera art has brought many new subjects, and the spirit of realism of opera performing art is gradually emerging, which also brings new challenges to the make-up art. The spirit of realism in opera performance art is gradually emerging, which also brings new challenges to the art of make-up. Whether to keep the tradition unchanged or to move with the trend is a new issue we are studying. I think the art of opera can only show its cosmopolitan nature if it retains its national character, and we have to inherit the wealth of our predecessors completely before we can develop on this basis.