What kinds of flutes are there?

The types of flutes can be divided into boring flutes, clarinet flutes, fixed flutes, average hole flutes, copper-connected tuning flutes, new flutes, flutes with holes and keys and flutes.

Dull flute: Generally, a flute without a diaphragm hole is called a dull flute. The cost of playing "stuffy flute" is high, and the timbre is dark and not bright enough, but it is of great help to practice the "Qigong" of the flute, and it is generally best not to use it for the younger or the weak. The "stuffy flute" can also be replaced by a flute with a membrane hole. On the "membrane hole", paste it with thick paper or plaster, which is called "stuffy flute" Strong flute: also known as straight flute and shepherd flute. Different from bamboo flute, it is blown vertically, and the flute head is equipped with a "spring". This kind of flute rings as soon as it is blown, which is easy to learn and very suitable for children to learn. China's sword flute has a long history, and its playing style has always maintained national characteristics. In ancient times, it was called "Shun Di". In recent years, rigid flutes made of plastic have appeared, and the movable flute head device has been introduced from abroad, which not only increases the volume, beautifies the timbre, but also can adjust the pitch. It is a good tool for schools to carry out instrumental music activities.

Fixed pitch flute and average hole flute: In the old flute, the distance between the six pronunciation holes is basically the same, and the interval called the average I "sound is semitone (degree). According to the traditional fingering, the second hole and the third hole, the fifth hole and the sixth hole are closely spaced. Basically, the pitch of the flute can be solved, and the cross blowing method can turn two or three notes. We'd better choose the tuning flute.

Connecting copper tuning flute: connect a ring made of cork and copper between the "flute membrane hole" and the "sixth hole" to make the length of the pipe body slightly telescopic. In this way, the pitch can be adjusted, and the pitch of the whole 1/4 can be adjusted. At present, professional literary and art groups generally use this improved flute, which is often used for ensemble and accompaniment.

New flute: the new flute, also known as the bass flute, is basically the same as the ordinary flute, except; (1) Don't open the flute hole. (2) The length of the flute is thicker than that of the flute, and its range is a pure fifth lower than that of the flute. Its timbre is similar to the sound of an arrow and its volume is higher than that of Xiao, so it is often used as the bass part of wind instruments in large orchestral works.

Gaza and Sword Flute: With the continuous development of musical instrument reform, in order to increase semitone and solve the intonation after tuning, the musical instrument factory produced an eight-hole flute, also known as "Sanba Flute". On the basis of the original bamboo flute with six holes and two holes, it can correctly dig out three "tuning doors", so it is called "March 8th flute". At present, there are nine-hole keyways, ten-hole keyways and eleven-hole keyways under trial production.

Paidi: Invented by Zhao Songting, two or four flutes with different tones are tied together. Except for the outermost part, the decorative parts on the plug are cut off, and their blowing holes are as close as possible. When playing outside, feel the position inside the forehead, but don't interfere with the blowing outside. The two grooves are lined with an "S"-shaped washer, which is tightly tied with a movable screw sleeve to prevent sliding. The range of the flute can be extended by more than three octaves, with rich and varied music and enhanced expressive force. When playing, the flute can be changed quickly and easily, which can solve many problems that a single flute can't solve.

Bangdi is used to accompany the northern Bangzi opera. The flute body is thin and short, and its timbre is high, bright and powerful. It focuses on the use of tongue skills, such as the northern folk music Bangzi and Welcome, which are played by the famous flute player Feng Zicun, showing a strong local color.

In the use of breath, it is more intense, and special skills such as fast tongue jumping, strong overlapping sound and interesting tongue sound are adopted. Band-Aid is good at expressing vigorous, lively and lively feelings, and has a strong northern color, which is inseparable from the regional characteristics, life and labor habits of the people in the north. It is mostly used for accompaniment of blowing songs, Ju Ping Opera and Bangzi Opera (such as Shaanxi Opera, Hebei Bangzi, Pu Opera, etc.). ) In the north, it can also be used for solo.

Qu Di, also known as "Bundhit", "Shidi" or "Tiexian (silk wrapped) Di", is used to accompany southern Kunqu opera. Because it is abundant in Suzhou, it is also called "Su Causeway". Most of them are c or d keys. The pipe body is thick and long, the timbre is pure and mellow, the transportation is long, and the strength changes carefully. It is often played first and then combined, with three rhymes, melodious and euphemistic, and the tunes played are beautiful, exquisite and gorgeous, with a strong Jiangnan charm.

Qu Di is in sharp contrast with Band-Aid and Di Zi's northern style solos. For example, Professor Lu Chunling, a famous flute player, plays folk music such as Flying Partridge and Cowherd. The timbre is beautiful and clear, the timbre is controlled, and the contrast between strength and weakness is easy. He uses flute techniques such as "calling", "playing", "leaning" and "vibrato".

Qu Di is widely popular in southern China, suitable for solo and ensemble, and it is one of the distinctive instruments in local music such as Kunqu Opera, Jiangnan bamboo silk, southern Jiangsu percussion, Chaozhou dialect flute, Chaozhou dialect gongs and drums.

Nowadays, most of the newly created flute solos have absorbed the playing characteristics of Qu Di and Bang Di.