Classification of World Film Genres

Film genre, refers to the factions of films that are categorized according to their distinctive styles. There are roughly five film genres that have been formed since the 1920s and have had a large impact:

Early modernism - European avant-garde cinema;

Soviet film school - poetry and prose cinema;

Hollywood commercial cinema - genre cinema;

Italian neorealist cinema;

French New Wave cinema and recent modernist genres, etc.

Extended information:

Categorization of world film genres:

Expressionism

German Expressionism Expressionism, a term originally used in art history and criticism, means that nature is no longer regarded as the primary purpose of art, and that the expression of emotions and feelings through line, form, and color is the sole purpose of art.

Expressionist cinema, on the other hand, originated in Germany in 1920, in which actors, objects, and set designs were used to convey emotional and psychological states, with no emphasis on the meaning of the original objects. Dr. Caligari's Cabin (1919) is famous for its use of this technique.

The style of German Expressionism later influenced some Hollywood films of the silent era and the film noir of the 1940s, as well as others such as Hitchcock and Orson Welles. Others, such as Hitchcock and Orson Welles, were also influenced by Expressionism.

Formalism

Formalism. A method of expression in literature, art, or drama that emphasizes form and technique rather than subject matter. It originated in Russia in 1915 with the founding of the Moscow Philological Circle and the Poeto-Linguistic Society, which rejected the traditional pre-revolutionary approach to narrative material and emphasized the importance of artistic linguistic form, gradually influencing all fields of art at the time.

In terms of cinematic expression or analysis, formalism emphasized that the use of different forms could change the connotation of the material, and that editing, pictorial composition, and the arrangement of sound and picture elements were all of interest to formalist filmmakers, such as Pudovkin and Eisenstein in the 1920s, who were all supporters of this doctrine.

The development of formalism in Russia was halted in the mid-1930s by Stalinist repression, but it had a great influence on later structuralism and semiotics.

Impressionism

Impressionism. 1920s French filmmaker Louis Dilluch united a group of talented filmmakers to create a new style of cinema. Dilluc united a group of talented directors, such as Abel Gonz, Germain B. The French filmmaker Louis Diruc united a group of talented directors, such as Abel Gance and Germaine Dulac. He wanted to reform the films made by the studio bosses for commercial reasons, in order to improve French cinema, which had been declining after the First World War.

But their efforts were not supported by the producers, and the movement collapsed with the death of De Luc in 1924. Some moved toward commercial films, others toward the avant-garde.

Because some of Dillück's theories and creative concepts were closely related to the later French avant-garde film movement, most of the Imprimaturist films are considered to be precursors to, or directly subsumed into, avant-garde cinema. Important works include Gance's The Wheel (1922), Dillück's Frenzy (1921), and Dulac's Spanish Fiesta (1919).

Surrealism

Surrealist Surrealist film. emerged in France in 1920, mainly to make idiosyncratic and illogical arrangements of imagery in order to express various states of the human subconscious.

Louis Bunuel's Andalou. Louis Bunuel's "The Dogs of Andalou" can be regarded as a classic work of early surrealist movies.

The rise of surrealist cinema was a revolt against realism and traditional art, with leader André Breton mentioning in a manifesto that he was "a man of the world" and "a man of the world". A manifesto by leader André Breton said, "A purely automatic action of the mind, in which it tries to show, by words, writing, or any other means, the true workings of the mind.

Surrealism later became an important source of experimental and underground cinema, such as the American films of Maya Dahlen and Kenneth C. Kennedy. Maya Dahlen and Kenneth Anger in the United States. Surrealism was not a major genre in commercial cinema, but only appeared in the films of individual directors, such as Woody Allen. Woody Allen, for example.

Neorealism

Neorealism, a film movement that emerged in Italy after World War II. The main representatives are Roberto Rossellini, Domenico DiCecchia, and Domenico Rossellini. Roberto Rossellini, DiCecca, Ruggiero Visconti, and others. The main representatives are Roberto Rossellini, DiCecca, Rucino Visconti, etc.

Most of these films centered on the local problems of Italy before and after the Great War, and advocated a sober and realistic approach to the lives of the middle and lower classes.

In terms of form, most of the neorealist films used a lot of live-action and natural light, non-professional actors and naturalistic depictions of life. Compared to the closed and disguised pre-war period, the neorealist films were more like documentaries, with an unadorned sense of reality.

But while neorealist cinema gained more attention abroad, there was no particular reaction in Italy itself. After the 1950s, many of the country's social problems were solved by the economic recovery, and with the authorities' intention to eliminate them, the neorealist fervor slowly faded away. Cinema Paradiso is a representative film.

French New Wave

French New Wave New Wave was originally an undefined journalistic term that referred to the fresh, award-winning debuts made by a group of new French directors between 1958 and 1959. Later, it was widely used to summarize the new tendency of French film production and creation in the late 1950s and early 1960s.

Many of these new directors were film critics for Film Notes magazine, such as Gaudet, Choufou, Chabrol, Houmais, and Levitt. They emphasize personal originality, show a high degree of self-consciousness about traditional cinema, and use their works to embody the stylistic proposition of 'authorship theory', which is very different from traditional cinema in terms of both subject matter and technique.

Mixing traditional film genres with Hollywood directing styles, he experiments with new forms of editing and structure. Because of the importance of freedom in filming, the films are often shot from an outline script, favoring improvisation and spontaneity. Thematically, the films are characterized by existentialism, as in the case of Aaron René's Hiroshima. Aaron René's Hiroshima Love and Takada's Breathless are both such films.

The term "New Wave" has been used since the late 1950s and early 1960s in France to describe new filmmaking activities and revivals in other countries. Examples include the new Czech and Hungarian cinema, the new Polish cinema of the 1960s and the new German cinema of the 1970s.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Film Genres