Selected Articles of Graduation Thesis of Electronic Commerce Major

With the rapid development of modern information technology and network technology, e-commerce has also developed rapidly in the global market. The following is my graduation thesis on e-commerce for your reference.

E-commerce graduation thesis model essay 1: On the combination of cross-border electronic commerce and bonded logistics center 1. The characteristics of cross-border electronic commerce.

Cross-border electronic commerce is a new way of international commodity trade, that is, trade settlement and commodity exchange between countries are realized through electronic platforms and cross-border logistics, which are mainly divided into B2C, B2B and C2C. Cross-border electronic commerce developed from the Internet. Compared with physical space, the virtuality and potential of cyberspace make it very different from traditional international trade.

(1) Differences in trade links.

In traditional trade, information flow, capital flow and logistics are separated, but through the cross-border e-commerce platform, we can complete all the procedures at the same time. As we all know, there are many problems in the trade between traditional enterprises, such as relying heavily on traditional sales, closed buyer's demand information, long order cycle, high exchange rate risk and low profit. Cross-border electronic commerce can deal with these problems quickly, because in the case of small cross-border trade, the increase of retail links has greatly changed the original foreign trade channels. Nowadays, enterprises should not only face customers, but also individual wholesalers and retailers, effectively reduce trade links, shorten the value chain and contribute more profits to the company and customers.

(2) Differences in industrial chains.

Traditional trading enterprises in China are mainly engaged in processing trade and low value-added products, but through cross-border electronic commerce, enterprises can effectively combine industry and trade and control the whole industrial chain. Due to the sufficiency of external economic information, enterprises can get the latest industry information, even competitors' information, including the consumption habits of foreign residents when using the cross-border electronic commerce platform.

(3) The difference between product and cost.

In terms of product categories, cross-border electronic commerce is facing consumer groups from enterprises, units and individuals all over the world, which is more extensive and diverse than traditional trade. Demand reacts on supply, so the products provided by cross-border electronic commerce are more diversified and flexible. In terms of product quantity, in the past, traditional trade paid more attention to large-scale import and export, and the goods were heavy and numerous. However, with the popularity of cross-border electronic commerce, enterprises are gradually transforming into small and light commodities. Cross-border electronic commerce can effectively avoid the loss of a large number of labor, and can break through geographical restrictions and help reduce production costs. Cross-border electronic commerce, whose trading scope covers all parts of the world, requires enterprises to have strong commodity distribution ability, but as a new enterprise, it is very difficult to do this. Third-party logistics has scale operation and professional advantages that cross-border e-commerce enterprises do not have, which enables enterprises to benefit from logistics business and provide transportation, warehousing and distribution services for e-commerce enterprises. Buyers can generate orders according to the information provided by sellers, and they can choose to buy directly in bulk, or they can choose to buy samples in small batches before buying them in large quantities. This online small-scale wholesale can closely cooperate with international logistics giants such as FedEx and DHL, and reduce the equivalent logistics cost of small and medium-sized enterprises by at least 50% based on the huge business volume of the network.

(4) Differences in bonded logistics centers.

Bonded logistics center is a closed customs supervision area. There are two types: Type A and Type B. Type A is an enterprise legal person approved by the customs and specialized in bonded warehousing and logistics business under the supervision of China Customs. Class B is a centralized supervision field approved by the customs. In China, it is operated by enterprise legal persons, and many enterprises enter and engage in bonded warehousing and logistics business. Bonded logistics center has the functions of bonded warehousing, simple processing, global procurement, international transportation, ports, export tax rebate, logistics information processing, loading and unloading, logistics services and so on. These functions are helpful to solve the problems faced by cross-border electronic commerce.

Second, the necessity of establishing a bonded logistics center

(a) Problems faced by cross-border electronic commerce.

The rapid development of cross-border electronic commerce is accompanied by many drawbacks. In this article, I want to discuss three points: the slow development of cross-border logistics, illegal tax refund and foreign exchange settlement, cross-border credit and dispute settlement.

(1) The development of cross-border logistics is slow.

We know that cross-border electronic commerce is characterized by small orders, many batches and short procurement time. There is a high demand for logistics, so we mainly use international express delivery and other international small packages of China Post Logistics, such as DHL, FedEx, UPS, TNT, etc. , but this often means an increase in logistics costs. Because the contradiction between service quality and cost is prominent, we must combine cost, speed, safety and consumer experience to track the cross-border logistics of commodity selection. If we only consider the cost, it will lead to slower speed, longer delivery time and lower customer satisfaction. If the quality of the service we buy is simple, it is difficult to bear the cost and even cause losses. Therefore, we can see that cross-border logistics cannot match the rapid development of cross-border electronic commerce.

(2) Illegal tax declaration and foreign exchange settlement.

At present, on the one hand, it is difficult for cross-border electronic commerce, which takes express mail as the main mode, to provide customs declaration forms, and many businesses cannot pay customs duties. When the express company centralized tariffs, the consignor could only get a logistics transport bill without relevant statements as legal documents, and the company could not solve the foreign currency problem, nor could it receive the export tax rebate, which limited the further development of cross-border electronic commerce. On the other hand, because cross-border electronic commerce needs an online platform for information transmission and transactions, the tax authorities cannot fully understand the specific transactions of both parties. This will not only increase the possibility of taxpayers violating tax laws, but also make the management and monitoring means of tax sources and withholding ineffective. In addition, the technology of tax collection and management is seriously lagging behind, and it is difficult to implement tax administration according to law. According to China's current policy, foreign buyers can only settle their money through personal savings accounts, but China limits the maximum amount of personal settlement to 50,000 dollars per year, which leads some export enterprises to borrow relatives' accounts to settle foreign exchange or convert foreign exchange into RMB through underground banks. Another way is to register a offshore account offshore account in Hongkong and other offshore areas through a third-party service provider, and then the service provider will convert foreign exchange into RMB for foreign trade enterprises according to the current exchange rate in China. No matter what kind of settlement method, it is not a formal channel.

(3) Cross-border credit and dispute settlement.

Due to the differences in language, time difference, communication mode and shopping habits between different countries and cultures, the information asymmetry between buyers and sellers in cross-border electronic commerce is more serious than that in domestic e-commerce. On the one hand, foreign customers must pay the seller first after placing an order, but at that time, it was impossible to know the real quality of the product through online photos and descriptions, so it was difficult to accurately evaluate the seller's credit. On the other hand, it is difficult for the seller to judge the customer's credit and spending power, because foreign consumers can choose to pay by credit card after receiving the goods, or refuse to pay for various reasons. At this time, the seller will bear huge logistics costs and capital expenditures. Because of the opaque information, buyers and sellers can't trust each other and can't tell the truth from the false, so a third-party platform like Alipay came into being, but this distrust still seriously hindered the further development of cross-border electronic commerce.

(2) Innovation of bonded logistics center.

(1) Reduce logistics cost and shorten transportation time.

As we have discussed above, we can know that the high logistics cost in cross-border e-commerce restricts the transaction of small orders, but in professional bonded logistics centers, these small orders will be integrated and packaged in big bags, and then classified according to the purpose. After the goods arrive, the workers disassemble them and deliver them to the final buyers, thus realizing door-to-door delivery and effectively solving the problem of high cost.

(2) Overcome the difficulty of export tax rebate.

When most enterprises apply for cross-border electronic commerce, their export products mainly use parcels and express delivery, so a large number of goods cannot get tax refund. However, in the professional bonded logistics center, a series of services of customs clearance companies will be provided to solve the difficulties of rebate settlement.

(3) Solve the problem of information asymmetry.

Compared with domestic trade, commodity circulation information in international trade is difficult to obtain, and bonded logistics center can help solve this problem and improve logistics efficiency by using modern technology.

Third, the combination of small cross-border electronic commerce and bonded logistics center.

Although most countries in the world are affected by the financial crisis in 2008, and China is no exception, our economy is still growing at an annual rate of 7%. Up to now, China's import and export trade has maintained a rapid growth momentum after the 2008 financial crisis. Therefore, we can draw a conclusion that import and export trade will have a far-reaching impact on China. China is a huge market, attracting a large number of investors, businessmen and capital. From this perspective, the combination of small cross-border e-commerce and bonded logistics centers can make small cross-border e-commerce more affirmed. At the same time, China's measures in policy, transportation, industrial chain and taxation are also conducive to the combination of small cross-border e-commerce and bonded logistics centers.

(1) National policy support.

In terms of policies, in order to improve the utilization rate of small cross-border electronic commerce in bonded logistics centers, China has added some regulations. For example, the company can clear customs directly at the bonded logistics center of the local customs. Domestic goods can be used as export goods after entering the bonded logistics center, and they can enjoy tax refund. When foreign goods enter the bonded logistics center, the customs will give them bonded goods, and the goods in the bonded logistics center will be sold to China, so the company can go through the import customs clearance procedures. Goods in the bonded logistics center can be transported, stored, loaded, unloaded and distributed among the bonded logistics centers, bonded centers and bonded warehouses of enterprises, thus further developing the bonded logistics center as cross-border electronic commerce.

(2) The transportation is more convenient.

In terms of transportation, many areas in China, such as Fujian, Henan and Shanghai, have set up bonded logistics centers. In these areas, their means of transportation include train, sea and air. Taking Pingtan, Fujian as an example, Pingtan has formed a three-dimensional transportation system-sea, highway and aviation. First,? Channel ship? And then what? Lena's boat? The channel from Pingtan to Taiwan Province Province was opened. Then, with the Pingtan Bridge and the expressway from Yuxi to Pingtan Second Bridge, the land traffic gradually improved. Finally, the second cross-sea bridge in Pingtan has been extended to the inland of Pingtan. Are you online? Twelfth Five-Year Plan? Is Pingtan included after the period? One-hour economic circle promotes the rapid development of cross-border electronic commerce.

(3) Industrial chain extension.

In the industrial chain, in order to improve the industrial relevance of bonded logistics centers, the initial measure is to apply for projects to extend the industrial chain. High-tech always follows the length of industrial chain. Therefore, the whole manufacturing process of some high-value optical products can be divided into manual and manufacturing lines. For example, in Changsha Bonded Logistics Center, we produce computer motherboards, try to buy capacitors, integrated circuits and other accessories in the Middle East, extend the industrial chain and expand the market. As mentioned above, if the bonded logistics center can effectively improve the industrial relevance, it can adapt to cross-border electronic commerce more quickly. At the same time, the most important task for local enterprises is to absorb new technologies in order to better support the development of cross-border electronic commerce as a bonded logistics center. The government can encourage foreign enterprises to participate and solve technical problems through information exchange and cooperation with foreign enterprises.

(4) Increase the export tax rebate.

In terms of taxation, our country is trying to reduce taxes or give export tax rebates to promote development. Therefore, how to make up the fund gap is a big problem that affects the imperfection of export tax rebate system and damages the connection between bonded logistics center and cross-border electronic commerce. Here, relevant experts suggest taking three measures to deal with this problem. First, increase local taxes to fill the gap of central finance. Secondly, balance local taxes, that is, keep taxes unchanged. Third, reduce taxes or even zero local taxes.

E-commerce Graduation Thesis Model Part II: On E-commerce under Talent Cultivation 1. Current Situation and Problems of E-commerce Specialty Training in Vocational Education-oriented Colleges and Universities

1. The direction of professional training is vague.

At present, the orientation of e-commerce talents in most colleges and universities is relatively broad, and most of the training models learn from each other and have not formed their own characteristics. Especially in this part of colleges and universities facing the reform of vocational education, their majors cover a wide range, including basic knowledge of management and business, as well as basic ability of computer and network technology. What do you want to cultivate? Almighty? Genius. However, the training direction is not clear, which makes its e-commerce graduates unable to compete with well-known college graduates in theoretical research; In practice, it is far less than that of college graduates.

2. The practice system is not comprehensive.

Future vocational education will pay more attention to students' professional quality and skills, so the cultivation of e-commerce talents should pay attention to the improvement of students' practical ability. At present, some universities have established e-commerce laboratories, which attach importance to both theoretical teaching and practical teaching. But on the whole, the laboratory equipment is relatively old, and the function and operation of the simulation software are single, which can not truly reflect the actual situation of e-commerce enterprises and can not meet the training of innovative and entrepreneurial e-commerce talents.

3. The curriculum is unreasonable

Most colleges and universities still think that e-commerce is? Electronic? With what? Business? Therefore, the curriculum is not targeted, and basically covers the basic courses of management and computer. The knowledge students have is extensive but not refined, and once they step into their jobs, they are still incompetent. In addition, the rapid development of e-commerce requires students to master new knowledge, technology and ideas. However, the courses in many colleges and universities are difficult to be easily changed and updated in time after research and formulation, which leads to the graduates majoring in e-commerce unable to keep up with the pace of e-commerce development.

4. The teaching staff is weak

China's e-commerce major has been established for a short time, which leads to the fact that there are very few teachers with real e-commerce professional background in this part of colleges and universities facing vocational education reform. Most of them enter colleges and universities after graduation, limited to theoretical research and lacking practical experience in enterprise e-commerce management. With the lack of teachers' practical experience, it will inevitably have a certain impact on the development of practical courses.

Second, vocational education-oriented college e-commerce professionals training countermeasures and suggestions

1. Enhance the pertinence of e-commerce talent training objectives.

In view of the characteristics of the current social demand for e-commerce talents, application-oriented colleges and universities facing vocational education reform should reasonably set the training objectives of e-commerce talents and adopt? Multi-directional development, focusing on applied training? Based on the training idea, e-commerce specialty is subdivided into e-commerce system construction, e-commerce logistics, network marketing and cross-border electronic commerce. At the same time, students are allowed to choose other professional courses according to their own characteristics and hobbies to meet their personalized development.

2. Pay attention to the establishment of practical teaching system for e-commerce talents.

At present, the cultivation of applied e-commerce talents should be based on? Innovation? And then what? Start a business? As the main line. According to the actual application needs of e-commerce enterprises, colleges and universities can formulate a set of practical teaching system model that meets the training objectives of e-commerce professionals in vocational education colleges. This model should include experimental teaching, competition and practical training. , the establishment of on-campus e-commerce laboratory and off-campus e-commerce practice base, timely update the e-commerce practice teaching software, and cooperate with the practice teaching assessment mechanism to fully cultivate students' practical application ability and innovation and entrepreneurship ability.

3. Strengthen the construction of teaching staff.

The construction of teaching staff is the source of e-commerce talent training and the key to ensure the quality of e-commerce teaching. For the construction of teachers in vocational education colleges, we can start from the following aspects:

(1) Establish a talent incentive mechanism and introduce e-commerce teachers with high professional titles as academic leaders;

(2) Reach a cooperative relationship with local e-commerce enterprises, arrange teachers to exercise and practice in enterprises, and participate in the operation and management of e-commerce.

(3) Encourage teachers to participate in the construction of e-commerce laboratories, regularly participate in practical course discussions and research activities, and participate in vocational skills training and research;

(4) Actively introduce middle and senior staff of e-commerce enterprises as part-time or full-time practice course instructors.

4. Grasp the new trend of e-commerce development.

With the maturity of e-commerce environment, new e-commerce models and technologies are constantly emerging. In order to enable students to keep up with the development of e-commerce, colleges and universities should flexibly integrate these new knowledge and technologies into their own education, teaching and practice systems, and require teachers to regularly offer related courses such as mobile e-commerce, Internet of Things, internet finance and big data, so as to improve students' grasp of the new trend of e-commerce and enhance their competitiveness.

Third, summary.

The rapid development of e-commerce will inevitably bring about a surge in demand for e-commerce talents, and at the same time put forward higher requirements for e-commerce talents. It coincides with the turning point of vocational education reform carried out by the Ministry of Education. Colleges and universities should firmly grasp this critical period before they can? Innovation and entrepreneurship? Taking this as the main line, we should make clear the training objectives of e-commerce talents, systematically set up the curriculum system, strengthen the construction of teachers, pay attention to practical education, and devote ourselves to cultivating applied talents with e-commerce professional quality and skills.

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