How to translate and appreciate the ancient poem Looking at the Moon on Fifteen Nights?

Watching the moon on fifteen nights

Wang Jian? Tang dynasty

There are crows in Bai Shu and osmanthus in Coody Leng in the atrium.

I don't know who Qiu Si will meet tonight.

translate

Magpies and crows inhabit the snow-white trees on the ground of the courtyard, and the autumn dew silently wets the osmanthus in the courtyard.

People are looking up at the bright moon in the sky tonight. I wonder whose home Qiu Si's love belongs to?

To annotate ...

Fifteen nights: refers to the night of the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, that is, the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.

Du Langzhong: Du Yuanying.

Atrium: that is, in the court and courtyard.

Ground white: refers to the way the moon shines on the courtyard ground.

Crow: A crow.

Coody Leng: Autumn dew.

Do: all.

Qiu Si: Autumn feelings, here refers to people's thoughts.

L: Yes, here it is.

Distinguish and appreciate

This is a seven-character quatrain written by Philip Burkart on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival. The whole poem consists of four sentences with 28 characters, each sentence has a meaning. It describes the moonlight and the feeling of looking at the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, showing a lonely, cold and quiet picture of the Mid-Autumn Festival night. This poem begins with a description of the scenery and ends with lyricism, full of imagination and charm.

Bai Shu Crow in the Atrium clearly describes the environment of enjoying the moon, but secretly writes the modality of the characters, which is refined and implicit. This sentence is like the first sentence in Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha Qiu Si". With the help of unique scenery, it suddenly pushes the bleak and desolate scene to the readers, giving people an unforgettable impression. The poet only uses the word "ground white" to write the moonlight in the atrium, but it gives people the feeling of being empty, quiet, simple and cold, and thinks of Li Bai's famous sentence, "My bed foot is so bright, how can there be frost?" And immersed in a beautiful artistic conception. Arboreal crows should hear, not see. Because even in the bright moon night, people are unlikely to see crows and magpies inhabiting; But in the shade of moonlight, crows and magpies can feel it through hearing from the beginning of panic and noise to the last stable sleep. (Zhou Bangyan's "Overlapping Jujube Lines" has a sentence "When will the bright moon make birds restless", which is to write this artistic conception. The words "arboreal crow" are concise, concise and concise, which not only describes the life of crows and magpies in trees, but also sets off the silence of the moonlit night. There is no mention of people in the whole sentence, but it reminds people of the moongazer at night everywhere.

"Coody Leng Silent Wet Osmanthus fragrans", after the last sentence, further exaggerates the Mid-Autumn Festival night with the help of feelings. This poem was written because Gui Xiang attacked people. Among osmanthus fragrans, Gui Xiang is the most abundant in autumn. On the bright moon, the shadows of some circular volcanoes are endowed with beautiful images by imaginative people, saying that they are osmanthus trees in the moon palace, and there are also legends that osmanthus trees on earth are generated by seeds falling from the sky (Song Lingyin Temple's "The laurel tree falls on the moon and the fragrant clouds float outside"). This poem describes cold air and osmanthus. If we ponder further, we will think that this osmanthus may refer to the osmanthus tree in the middle of the month. This is the dark poet looking at the moon, which is the next writing of the whole article.

In the dead of night, the poet looked up at the bright moon, lost in thought, and felt slightly cold, but he couldn't help thinking: in that cold palace, the osmanthus tree must have been wet with cold dew. In this way, the artistic conception of "Coody Leng Silent Wet Osmanthus fragrans" is even longer and more thought-provoking. The poet chose the word "silent", which showed the lightness of Coody Leng in details and rendered the infiltration of osmanthus for a long time. And not only osmanthus, Jade Rabbit under the tree, WU GANG wielding an axe, but also Chang 'e, who is "in the blue sky, at night". The ancients thought that frost dew was like rain and snow falling from the sky, so the poet went to Guangxi to explore. It is strange that the cold dew made the branches so wet but didn't hear a sound. So I put pen to paper, not only wrote a tangible Mid-Autumn Festival party, but also showed the depth and silence of the night, as if Gui Xiang and the cold were coming, which brought people beautiful associations.

"I don't know who Qiu Si will fall into tonight." These two sentences were written suddenly, from the author's group of people watching the moon to the people watching the moon all over the world, from the activities of enjoying the moon to the thinking of people and the future, the artistic conception is broad and implicit. How many people in the whole world are looking at the moon and thinking about their relatives: people in their hometown miss their relatives far away, and those who leave home look at their relatives far away. So, naturally, sing these two sentences. The first two sentences describe the scenery without a word "moon"; The third sentence only points out that the moon is seen, which expands the scope of moon watchers. However, people look at the moon, feel the meaning of autumn and cherish people's feelings, which is different. The poet was disappointed with the separation of his family, so the sadness of the moon palace led to profound acacia. His Qiu Si must be the most sincere. But when expressing, the poet did not take a positive lyric way, but directly poured out his thoughts; Instead, he used a euphemistic questioning tone: I wonder which side the vast Qiu Si will stand on.

There are thousands of people leaving Qian Qian in the world, and people's hearts are worried like autumn grass, and they are everywhere; The poet is thinking about who is certain, and saying "I don't know who Qiu Si belongs to" is not really unknown, but extremely writes the broad and vague connotation of Qiu Si, which seems to be true and false, and wins the implicit beauty of poetry. Obviously, he was pregnant with someone, but he just said, "Where did Qiu Si fall?" This shows the poet's deep feelings for Yue Huaiyuan. It seems that Qiu Si is unique to poets. Although others are watching the moon, there is no Qiu Si. This is really unreasonable, but it shows the poet's infatuation and ingenious techniques more and more. In the refining of Chinese characters, the word "Luo" is novel, appropriate and extraordinary, giving people a vivid feeling, as if it had fallen into the world with the glory of silver moon.

The artistic conception of this poem is beautiful. First of all, it gives people the impression of picturesque scenery. In Su Shi's words, it is "painting in poetry". With vivid language and rich imagination, the poet rendered the specific environment atmosphere of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, bringing readers into a thoughtful mood far away from the moon. Sighing together, endless ending, parting together and thinking together are euphemistic and touching.

Creation background

The exact writing time of this poem is unknown. I only know that this poem was written by the poet at the Mid-Autumn Festival when he got together with friends, and it was given to his friend Du. The original poem says, "You must play the piano when you are young", which shows that good friends get together during the festive season instead of singing solo.

Brief introduction of the author

Wang Jian (768-835), born in Yingchuan (now Xuchang, Henan), was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. I was born in poverty, and I was down and out all my life. He once joined the army and began to be an official at the age of 46. He used to be Xiancheng and Taichang Temple Cheng. Later, this was Sima of Shaanxi Province, and he was called Wang Sima. Yuefu is as famous as Zhang, and is known as Yuefu in the world.