How to promote the integration of teaching and research in party schools to play the role of a think tank

Demand is the greatest opportunity for the development of think tanksThe next few decades will be an important period of social development and a critical period for China's development. What kind of hurdles will China have to pass in the future, and how to deal with the difficult problems arising from development, many dilemmas, trilemmas, or even more difficult problems have emerged. This requires sufficient courage and wisdom, the need for public **** decision-making and social development in the irreplaceable and important role of think tanks, the need to play the role of think tanks in the government's decision-making outside, as a compass for the community at large, as well as the academic temple of the talent pool pool collection of reservoirs. To study a problem, it is often necessary to comprehensively consider the opportunities, costs and risks. Now, the demand is the biggest opportunity, the development of China's think tanks has entered the spring, from the central to local, the construction of high-level, qualified, first-class think tanks on a very important position. We all have a **** knowledge: whether or not to have a good think tank is an important embodiment of the soft power of the country, city, region. But what is a think tank? What is a first-class, high-level think tank? This is the need for scientific development, in-depth study of the issue. In China, there is no ready-made answer, and we still need to cross the river by groping the stones and learn from the successful cases of human civilization construction. Think tank is a public **** institution with a specialized logo, professional logo requirements. A qualified think tank, functionally speaking, it must be able to provide functional advice to the decision-making level, it must play a role in educating the general public and play the role of a compass or a compass. There is also the gathering of talents, it is a temple of academia, including the presence of multidisciplinary talents. From the point of view of social relations, think tanks should be independent of government agencies, relatively stable institutional decision-making and consulting departments. From the point of view of social responsibility, think tanks bear more important social responsibility and social ethics. Think tanks are the conscience and rationality of society. People have personality, the state has a national character, and the library also has a library character. It is about major economic and social development issues, related to people's livelihood, social harmony and so on. The development mode and path of Chinese think tanks should have Chinese characteristics. China is a vast country with different stages of development, so think tanks around the world have their own unique characteristics. Think tanks to develop, its bottlenecks, obstacles, constraints in where? In my personal opinion, firstly, the positioning is not clear enough, and the flexibility of the system and mechanism is still relatively poor, and at the same time, it is facing insufficient sources of funding and a lack of talents. The most important thing about think tanks is people, relying on people to do research. There should be leading talents and teams. Along with the continuous progress and development of China and the world's economy and society, we should first continue to clarify the functional positioning of think tanks. We believe that, firstly, it should focus on the major realistic problems of the society, and put forward strategic, global, forward-looking and operable decision-making and consulting programs from the combination of theory and practice. We are an academic hall, but we cannot do pure academic research. We are to put forward programs, especially decision-making implementation programs, but mainly not to do short, flat, fast research. Second, think tanks are an important way to democratize and scientify decision-making. Think tanks should be good at thinking about issues relatively independently and objectively from a third-party perspective, and make their own unique voices and suggestions. The scientificization and democratization of decision-making requires intelligence, decision-making advice and the role of experts. This is also an integral part of a democratic system.

Thirdly, think tanks are an important platform for academic exchanges among national and regional peers, as well as for international discourse. The innovative sources of national soft power and the reserve of high-end talents for policy programs are inseparable from think tanks. Finally, it is necessary to put forward in particular, think tanks can not be made into a "paper library", or no one to see, no one to use. Can not put forward a program without pain. At the same time, the think tank can not become a "late library", everything is "horse hindsight", lack of foresight. Nowadays, society, including the decision-making departments need foresight, that is, to have a correct judgment on the trend, the trend. (Wang Ronghua is the director and professor of the Think Tank Research Center of Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences.) The importance of think tanks is becoming more and more prominent, and I am afraid that for China's development, now is the time when think tanks are most needed, and when they need to play a role. After thirty years of reform and opening up, and after sixty years of development and construction, China has made remarkable achievements, but now we have also encountered a lot of development problems. In the process of development, the relationship between economic development and social construction, regional development, urban-rural relations, the role of the government and the market, the role of enterprises, and the problems of institution-building all need to be responded to by think tanks. Therefore, in this process, think tanks play a significant role, especially in decision-making and consulting, which has become a major trend of our time. The term "think tank" is one of the most frequently used terms in recent years. Overseas, in essence, a long time ago in the care, attention to the role of think tanks in the overall economic and social development, but for China, think tanks have been attached importance in recent years, with our country's economic and social development is facing major problems and bottlenecks in the development of the importance of the growing prominence of the. The Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) is a local academy of social sciences, and there are similar research institutes all over the country. In the relatively early days, the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences was essentially an academic research unit, a research unit specializing in philosophical and social science research. With the transformation of China's economic and social development, the Academy of Social Sciences, such institutions are also facing a change in function, in the end how to play a role, how to position, that is to say, in economic and social development, how to better play the role of the local Academy of Social Sciences as a special research institutions, is worthy of serious study of the problem. In fact, the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences and colleges and universities, and government research departments, and other social research institutions have many differences. The Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences has thus taken the lead in proposing to transform such a research institution into a think tank, a think tank and a think tank for the party and the government. In the past few years, we have done a lot of research work in the area of think tank around such a goal. For example, we have done a lot of research on some major economic and social development realities, including the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, Shanghai's development strategy, the construction of the "Four Centers", the Yangtze River Delta, comprehensive supporting reforms, national development strategies, international relations and other major international economic and social hot issues, We have given full play to the role of experts and scholars in some major international economic and social hot issues, such as comprehensive reform, national development strategy and international relations. (The author is the director of the scientific research department of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences and a researcher)

The establishment of a globally oriented think tankThe many problems in the development of think tanks are not unique to China, but in fact, think tanks all over the world are faced with these same fundamental problems. How do we organize think tanks, how do we know the impact of think tanks on policy, on people's lives, and how do we measure these impacts, all of these issues are **** the same. We are going to share information and ****together respond to these problems to improve our competitiveness. In recent years, the focus of think tanks has changed, and so have policy makers. Both think tanks and policy makers need to improve their work. The issues that think tanks face now are all very complex, and not just in terms of the large number of countries involved. In the middle of the last century, there were only 45 countries in total***, now there are 193, and the next may be more than 200. In addition, non-government players, corporations, and civil society organizations, and what I would describe as very capable individuals, like Bill Gates, they all have a very big impact on world politics. We are going to analyze and track all of these individuals. States, governments, and academia no longer have a monopoly on information. This means that there are other people, who can go and challenge the position of the state, including institutions. They can also establish a monopoly and be able to influence the public in their country. I think this is a very important development that think tanks must realize. Globalization has made trade, finance, technology, and information intersect globally, and it has made the planet smaller and more dispersed. Information is not only becoming more decentralized, but it's becoming more available, and that's a very big challenge for think tanks. We have to analyze which information is reliable and which is not, and which information is the best and highest quality. The best think tanks in the world have to know where the best sources of information are, and how to analyze high-quality information so that the information can reflect their value. It is important not only to provide the right information to the right people, but also to do it in the right way so that it can be better digested and understood by policy makers. This is true in the United States, and it is true in China. Policy analysts can only spend half an hour looking at analyzed information, and they need to know quickly what the most important information is, and which information is reliable. Think tanks have a responsibility to take on this task. Another change is the role played by think tanks. Historical data shows that there is an important correlation between when the world's major think tanks were established. That is, when domestic and foreign crises emerge, many think tanks emerge. From 1920 to 1980 is what I would call a revolutionary period for think tanks. There were some broad trends at that time, a lot of think tanks were established in the United States, both domestically and internationally, and there was a trend throughout North America and Europe, where the establishment of think tanks was linked to World War I, the Great Depression, and the Cold War. Think tanks, both domestic and international, were concerned with national interests. The second phase from 1980 to 1995 saw a very large increase in the number of think tanks. At that time, people were concerned about how to define think tanks, and the discussion centered on whether or not to use the name "think tank". If you call such organizations "think tanks", we don't translate it that way, there is no such word in the vocabulary. But now, think tanks have become a widely accepted term, which shows the impact of globalization. The latest stage now is the emergence of global think tanks, which are very closely linked to each other, and also in China. In the future, one should start thinking about how to build a globalized and globally positioned think tank. I expect that the fastest growing think tanks in the future will be in China or India. There are global issues and challenges; I think it's important for think tanks to identify these trends and identify them early and then provide anticipation. Because there have been what I would call tsunamis of policies that have come out of nowhere, and they can be very impactful. Economic crises are very important examples. And they're going to happen much more frequently, with much more destructive impacts, which makes the existence of think tanks all the more necessary. We need more in-depth perspectives, because we do not yet understand these catastrophic events very well. Globalization is making them more and more impactful and their reach will be wider and wider. Having think tanks takes the pressure off policy makers. One of the biggest pressures they face now, and one of the biggest pressures think tanks face, is how to know what's going to happen in the future and then tell the public about it. Wise men throughout the country who are not now able to give this information to others, especially if they speak out when they are not sure, may have some unimaginable consequences. (James McGann Author is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania and president of the McGann Society) The Connotation of Think Tank Competitiveness The competitiveness of think tanks draws more on the concepts of economics, including competition of enterprises, competition of countries, and competition of industries, etc. We believe that the concept of competition is very useful for Chinese think tanks. We believe that the concept of competitiveness has special significance for Chinese think tanks. The basis for the evolution of competitiveness is, firstly, the resource theory. If a think tank is competitive, it must have unique resources, including economic inputs, human resources, and infrastructure. You have to have these powerful resources to be competitive. The second is system theory. The way think tanks exert influence and play a role on the whole social system, from a systemic perspective, is more reflected in the fact that think tanks rely on the whole external system, the comparison between countries and systems. Chinese think tanks, relying on China's unique political system, social environment, historical tradition. We know that the role of think tanks is related to the political system of a country, and the more decentralized the political system, the more space for think tanks to play a role. This is an understanding based on the systemic view of competitiveness. Third, the organizational view. Think tanks are social organizations, and this kind of organization should be associated with the whole social network. For a think tank to be influential and competitive, it has to be connected with other social organizations, including the media, the public and universities, and the closer the connection, the stronger the competitiveness. This is linked to influence. How well it is in the network and how well it controls the external network reflects the competitiveness of the think tank. Based on this, we have defined the connotation of the competitiveness of think tanks. The competitiveness of a think tank has at least three levels of connotation. First, to be competitive, a think tank must have the ability to innovate. The ability to innovate is divided into three aspects: 1. The introduction of new concepts and new ideas. The introduction of some new concepts is often the first to be put forward by think tanks, which slowly develops into a precursor of social development and overall policymaking, including the peaceful development put forward in the process of China's development, and the prototype of such concepts are often the ideas of scholars. The international concept of "soft power" comes from think tanks. Through the leadership of think tanks, social media and the public to form a **** knowledge, to know the direction of future development, which is a reflection of the innovation of think tanks. 2, the ability to find problems. The fundamental prerequisite for solving problems is to identify them. Think tanks as a structure between the government, the public and scholars, it has a more favorable position. 3, problem solving. Think tanks provide the most direct program, can provide some unique views on the idea of problem solving. Second, the influence of think tanks. The important role of think tanks is to exert influence on policy making. In fact it can also play a role through another channel, through its influence on the public, and on the organizations to which it belongs. There are three levels of think tank influence: 1. Influence on social controllers and policy makers. This is to have an impact on the core components, affecting the goal orientation, program setting, program screening, and policy guidance and evaluation of policies and decisions.2. Influence on the elite layer of society. For example, to put forward some new theoretical systems.3. Influence on social public. First, through the news media to guide public opinion, one is to directly face the public, grasp the public trend of thought, so as to form the guidance of the mainstream development of social consciousness. Third, the degree of internationalization of think tanks. Thirty years of reform and opening up have been promoting the internationalization of China's economy, and in fact, the internationalization of think tanks is also an important aspect of economic construction. It has three levels: 1) internationalization of Chinese think tanks; 2) internationalization of think tank research activities. We have to participate in international exchanges and cooperation, including inviting internationally renowned experts to do exchanges in domestic think tanks.3. International discourse. Since we participate in international academic exchanges, how to control the topic and how to form the dominance of the topic in the international think tank topic setting, so as to be able to have an impact on the international rules, which is another manifestation of the competitiveness of think tanks. It is difficult to rank the competitiveness of think tanks globally because think tanks in different countries are very different, and think tanks in different fields play different roles, so it is difficult to define how to evaluate them. There are both theoretical and practical difficulties. The theoretical difficulty is that it is difficult to trace the origin of some new ideas of think tanks. It is hard to define who actually came up with a new idea. In addition, the formation of policy results in a long process, the continuous integration of views to form the final policy, it is difficult to say how much the think tank in this process played a role, it is difficult to quantify. In addition, does competitiveness mean comprehensive competitiveness or core competitiveness? Chinese enterprises often have the problem of being big but not strong; think tanks also have this problem. It is difficult for think tanks to be strong without scale, but it is not always possible to be strong with a large scale. How to balance between core competitiveness and comprehensive competitiveness is the confusion we are facing. (Li Anfang, assistant director of the Institute of World Economy, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, researcher)

The measurement of the role of think tanks in the United States, the role played by think tanks has long been studied, and at the same time, we have come up with a number of think tanks to assess the impact of the system. I think there are several ways to measure the role of think tanks. First of all, think tanks essentially do policy research and analysis, and research and analysis is very important for policy debates and public **** policy decisions. The work I do is about seeing how the right role serves the purpose. We see research as very important and it has an early warning function. I think think think tanks have a role to play in coming to the problem in advance, before the public and policy makers are even aware of the problem. Secondly, think tanks can provide guidelines, that is to say, certain people have already pointed out the problems, how we can solve them, and what exactly are the solutions we have come up with. Here, we need to provide guides that can allow people to better understand the problem from a third-party perspective. Enable people to understand the complexity of the problem and also understand the context surrounding the problem. In the United States, there are some think tanks that are more influential, as well as those that are still expanding recently. They sometimes don't set their roles exactly the way they want to. They have their goals, of course, but sometimes they can't do exactly what they envision, and they have to think about the audience, the people they work with. For example, in several of the endeavors undertaken, the audience served as an early warning is not the same as the audience for which the guide is provided. From this perspective, the audience must be envisioned in order to be better positioned. In the United States, as well as in other countries, it has been seen that for think tanks to exert their influence, it must be taken into account that a key point is the work performed by the people in the think tank. The work here includes not just research and analysis, but also outreach. This is very important. We measure a lot of think tanks, not just university think tanks, but other think tanks, to see how productive they are. The level of productivity of think tanks is largely determined by the final promotion. How it affects actual decisions and actual work and how it is communicated to society and the public is important. (Andrew Rich The author is President and CEO of the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Society)