Kindergarten Layout and Rational Utilization of Educational Resources

The creation of corner environment in kindergarten is an important part of kindergarten education. This paper expounds the importance of rationalizing the layout of kindergarten corners, the plate setting of activity corners (number, type and content of corners), the division and principles of activity corners (semi-opening principle, fixed and indefinite principle and gradual principle), and the matters needing attention in rationalizing the layout (space excavation, dynamic and static alternation, independent opening and security). It is concluded that only by creating an effective environment for kindergarten corner activities and arranging corners scientifically and reasonably can children develop harmoniously and comprehensively in the process of interacting with corners with educational value.

Keywords: rational layout of kindergarten activity corner

With the in-depth development of preschool education reform and quality education, district corner activities have become an important form of educational activities to implement quality education and promote preschool education reform in kindergartens. It makes the process of preschool education truly based on children's comprehensive practical activities, thus realizing the fundamental transformation of kindergarten education activities and promoting the formation, development and improvement of children's comprehensive quality. A good corner activity environment in kindergarten can provide children with space for self-study, self-exploration, self-discovery and self-improvement, while a relatively relaxed activity atmosphere can meet the needs of children's development. People pay more and more attention to its unique function and role in developing children's intelligence and promoting the harmonious development of children's personality.

The "Outline" describes the kindergarten environment as: "The environment is an important educational resource, and the development of children should be effectively promoted through the creation and utilization of the environment." Among them, "creation" and "utilization" are highlighted. However, people often misunderstand the meaning of environmental creation-mainly because their understanding is narrow. There are often a series of phenomena such as attaching importance to the material environment and ignoring the spiritual environment, having layout and facilities, lacking children's operating materials, some materials not being updated, and children not being interested. Because the creation of this environment is based on teachers' ideas and wishes, children's participation is out of the question without considering their interests, needs and existing development level. Therefore, as a teacher, we should try our best to create a suitable corner environment and reasonably arrange the corner of the activity area, so that children can truly choose and move independently according to their own needs, and promote the development of children's abilities in a relatively relaxed and casual atmosphere.

First, the kindergarten activity area corner card setting

The corner divides the classroom into free play spaces, and children can choose and play freely. With the development of activities and the needs of children's development, these facilities are constantly replaced, so that each space has various forms of activities and rich materials, constantly giving children new stimulation and making the limited space play the greatest role in environmental education.

(1) Plate setting conforming to age characteristics.

What our activity corner pursues is not the immediate effect, but the environment and conditions suitable for children's development. Children in small classes have little experience in perceiving things and weak hands-on ability, so most children will not move alone. Therefore, the number of district corners should not be set too much or too complicated, but should be mainly in the form that children like, such as "doll house", "story corner" and "feeding corner". The children in the middle class have already had the initial experience of perceiving things, and they can basically carry out corner activities independently. The number of corner areas should be appropriately increased to fully satisfy children's curiosity and cognitive interest, and corner areas such as "concert hall", "handicraft corner" and "science corner" can be added. The language expression ability, hands-on operation ability and logical thinking ability of large class children have been greatly improved. At this time, it is necessary to increase a large number of activity angles and appropriately increase the difficulty, such as "underwater world", "space exploration" and "mechanical operation" in the science area; Military chess, chess and gobang are added to the chess area. In the process of creating community corners, we should pay attention to giving full play to children's main role, such as letting children give ideas, find ways, collect materials and decorate the environment. To enhance children's sense of ownership and make the district corner more attractive.

(2) The plate setting should be synchronized with the educational objectives and contents.

The creation of district corners should be closely combined with educational content and objectives and synchronized with educational activities, so that the process of creating district corners can become a process of education and teaching. For example, in the activity of "knowing the ordinal number of L ~ 10" in the middle class, a "small railway station" can be created. Let children buy tickets, find car seats according to the numbers on the tickets, and know the ordinal number. For another example, for the rhythm training of large class children, we can build a "concert hall" and put more different types of percussion instruments so that children can choose freely. Music with lively rhythm can be played in the "Concert Hall", so that children can listen to recordings, tap musical instruments and feel the rhythm.

(3) Relatively dynamic plate setting.

The ever-changing educational environment is conducive to stimulating children's curiosity and exploration spirit, and to the development of children's multiple intelligences and personalities. Therefore, the angle of active area should be dynamic and variable.

When some corner areas can no longer meet the actual development needs of young children, they should be replaced in time. Such as "doll house", "small shop" and "small photo studio" in Daban. The content of the corner should be constantly updated, such as: wall painting should change with the seasons; "Clothing store" should be suitable for the season; "Dollhouse" should conform to the characteristics of modern home; The "Science Corner" should keep pace with the development of science and technology, and so on. The types and quantities of materials should also be changed frequently, especially when children lose interest in some active materials.

The corner of the activity area should change with each passing day and be permanently new, and it cannot be fixed once and for all, so as to ensure the children's strong interest. At the same time, we should actively expand the space in the corner of the community and pay attention to making good use of the set natural environment, cultural landscape and community.

Second, the rational division and principle of kindergarten activity area angle

The angle division of activity area is scientific and reasonable, which is conducive to the formation of a harmonious and quiet atmosphere. Moreover, children's physical and mental development level is limited, they are not good at controlling their attention and are easy to disperse. If the space is not properly separated, it is easy for children to feel chaotic and disorderly, leading to emotional instability. If the partition is too high and solid, it will not only affect children's interaction, but also make children feel monotonous and boring. When placing corners reasonably, we should not only consider beauty and beauty, but also start from the perspective of education.

When I design a corner activity space for children, I try to create a quiet and orderly environment for them. Generally, there are the following methods: 1, divided by color. The teacher divided the ground with different colors and patterns. For example, the doll house can be decorated with bright colors to show a warm feeling, and a layer of foam carpet is laid on the floor of the language corner and the construction corner, so that children can easily understand and remember the name of the area after reading it. 2, according to the constitution. Teachers can prepare some cabinets, big boxes and cartons to divide areas and form closed or open spaces. However, it should be noted that these items should not be too high, but should be suitable for the child's sight and height, so that the child can clearly identify the area and the teacher can better observe the child's activities. 3. Divide by signs and decorations. Teachers can use words, pictures or decorations related to the activity areas to help children understand and distinguish these areas. And so on, these scientific and effective corner divisions make it easy for children to identify the corners they want to play in activities, and also facilitate teachers' observation and guidance.

In addition, when we divide the regional perspective, we should pay attention to the following principles: 1, semi-open principle. The division of district angles should be closely combined with the age characteristics of children. For children, a large and wide space is easy to distract them and cause them to wander from one place to another. Semi-open corners can restrain children from running around and help children stay in the same corner for a long time and concentrate on completing a "job". For example, I use a shelf cabinet to separate the exploration area from the exhibition area. The back of the cabinet faces the exhibition area, which is convenient for pasting works. The shelf faces the exploration area, which is conducive to placing all kinds of operating materials. Put two green and red sticky notes at the exit of the open connection between the two areas to visually distinguish the conscious space of different corners for children and help them know where they belong. 2. The principles of certainty and uncertainty. The indoor area and layout should be fully considered in the division of the corner of the community. Faced with a large number of classes, many children and limited space, I take two forms: fixed and mobile, fixing the role area, exploration area and exhibition area at the outer corner of the collective teaching area, and using the collective teaching area and living area as mobile areas, and adjusting the venue at any time according to the needs of different activities, which is helpful to reduce the influence of different activities on children and let them concentrate on their own affairs. 3. The principle of gradualism. For children who have just entered the middle class, the setting and development of the district corner should not be fully rolled out at once, and the activity area can be gradually opened in a planned way in combination with the setting of each district. For example, in the first half of the month, I will gradually open 2-3 activity areas to let children know about the toy materials in these areas, try to play, establish preliminary activity rules, and then gradually add new activities and provide new experiences in the second half of the month. When children have an understanding of the main materials, playing methods and rules of each activity area, they can fully carry out activities in every corner.