About Mexico. ~

Overview of Mexico You can look at Baidu Encyclopedia and Koyin.com

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Long history and culture, the unique highland style and humanistic landscapes as well as a long coastline for the development of tourism in Mexico provides unique favorable conditions. Mexico City, Acapulco, Tijuana, Cancun and other famous tourist attractions.

The following answers to your questions:

1. Geographic location: is located in the south of North America, Latin America, the northwestern end of South America, North America, the land traffic must be, known as the "land bridge". North neighboring the United States, south of Guatemala and Belize, east of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, west of the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California.

2. Climate: Mexico's climate is complex and diverse. Coastal and southeastern plains of the tropical climate, the average annual temperature of 25-27.7 ℃; Mexico's plateau year-round climate is mild, the mountain basins for 24 ℃, the terrain of the higher areas of 17 ℃ or so; inland Northwest for the continental climate. Most areas are divided into dry and rainy seasons throughout the year, and the rainy season concentrates 75% of the annual precipitation. The average annual precipitation is less than 250 millimeters in the northwestern part of the country, 750-1000 millimeters in the interior, and 1,000-2,000 millimeters in the central part of the Gulf Coast and the southern part of the Pacific Coast. Because of the Mexican territory is mostly plateau terrain, winter without severe cold, summer without heat, four seasons, evergreen trees, so enjoy the "Pearl of the Plateau" of the United States.

3. Human landscape: located in the old San Diego Fort Acapulco Museum of History, is located in the Yucatan Peninsula (Yucatan Peninsula) in the northeast of the ancient city of Durham (an important relic of the Mayan culture in the late period), Acapulco de Juarez (Acapulco de Juarez) City of San Diego Castle, Located in Mexico City, Chapultepec Park in Mexico's Anthropological Museum (Anthropological Museum of Latin America's largest and one of the most famous museums)

4. customs: urban residents of the clothing has been basically Europeanized, but you can still see the traces of traditional culture, such as the men's white shirts are still embroidered with floral motifs on the lapel. Rural men usually wear white shirts, white or beige pants, straw hats, red silk printed scarves (sometimes tied around the waist), and cowhide sandals. Women often wear brightly colored embroidered skirts and blouses, patterns and styles vary.

Three Kings Day every year on January 6, this day for the legendary three kings of the East to the Holy Child Jesus dedication day. Therefore, on this day, parents should give gifts to their minor children. In the evening, family and friends gather to share the "Three Kings' Bagel". Large bagel hidden a few symbols of the Holy Child plastic or porcelain figurines, the first to eat the "little man" who must be in the "Candlemas" (February 2) treats.

Holy Ship Festival regional folk religious festivals. Mainly popular in the Nayarit island of Skartitán. Every year on June 29, local fishermen hold a symbolic "saint" boat race. In the evening there is a procession and rally to celebrate the victory of the "Holy Boat" race, which carries the statues of St. Peter and St. Paul.

Our Lady of Guadalupe Mexico's most important religious holiday. Every year on December 12, the day, the Catholic Church in Tepeyac under the mountains of Our Lady of Guadalupe Cathedral held a grand religious ceremony, millions of believers, old and young, long-distance travel, to come to worship the original image of Our Lady of Guadalupe. Religious ceremonies are also held in churches throughout the country. Around the time of the festival, the Indians also perform traditional folk dances and pay homage to the Virgin in their own way. The celebration lasts for about a month.

Innkeeper's Day and Christmas (December 16 to 25) Legend has it that Mary, the virgin who was "pregnant with the Holy Spirit," went with her father to her ancestral home to register her household, and because the inns in the city were full, she gave birth to Jesus in the inn's stable. The festival of the inn is part of the Christmas season. The night before Christmas (December 24), each house is set up by the decorated Christmas tree and simulation of the nativity scene

5. Chinese distribution: according to records, the Chinese migrants began to Mexico in 1565, when the main Chinese seafarers. the end of the nineteenth century, a group of development of the western United States of the Chinese workers transferred to Mexico. 1899, the Mexican and Chinese governments signed the "Friendship Agreement on Maritime Navigation," which provides that In 1899, the Chinese and Mexican governments signed the Friendship Agreement on Maritime Navigation, which stipulated that citizens of the two countries could freely enter and leave each other's countries and be freely employed. 1902, after the official opening of the Sino-Mexican navigation, Chinese people entered Mexico in batches to engage in commercial and agricultural production. Most of the overseas Chinese who arrived in Mexico in the early days were of Cantonese nationality. In the past 20 years, Hong Kong and Taiwan investment immigrants and mainlanders have entered Mexico one after another. It is estimated that the total number of overseas Chinese in Mexico is about 70,000 people, mainly living in the city of Tijuana, Mexico City and Mexicali.

In the early days of the Chinese diaspora in Mexico, most of the Chinese workers were mainly employed in road construction, mining companies and farms. With the changes in the structure of the Chinese diaspora, gradually shifted to commercial and service industries. In the past 2 or 30 years, the Mexican Chinese economy has expanded from traditional service industries to light industries such as garment making, shoe making, toys and food processing. The new generation of Chinese is well-educated, and they are willing to enter the Mexican military and political positions, or engage in university professors, doctors, lawyers, engineers and other professions.

6. Education System:

a. Primary Education:

The current education system in Mexico is based on the 1917 Constitution and the 1973 Federal Education. The national education system is composed of two systems: formal education and non-formal education. Informal education, like formal education, is available at all levels, from primary to higher education, except that the latter is provided in schools, while the former is generally provided in extracurricular institutions in the spare time available, mainly for people in rural areas, indigenous populations and others who have not had the opportunity to receive a formal education. Primary education in Mexico is considered to be the cornerstone of education and consists of preschool and primary education, which in turn consists of two stages: initial education and preschool education.

Education from the age of one and a half months to the age of four years is called initial education. Institutions for initial education include Early Childhood Development Centers, Nursery Schools, and Nursery Schools, which are organized by a wide range of departments such as the Federal District Government of the Ministry of Education, the Social Security Institute, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and other public and private institutions. The Ministry of Education is responsible for providing technical services and methodological guidance to the various types of initial education institutions, as well as for monitoring and evaluating their work.

Beginning education is followed by preschool education. Pre-school education is intended for children between the ages of four and six. In Mexico, this stage of education is not compulsory; since 1983, the last year of preschool education has been compulsory. Mexican educators recognize that early childhood education is the stage that lays the foundations for a child's intellectual development and personality. For this reason, the Ministry of Public Education (SEP) requires that education at this stage emphasizes both the intellectual development of the child and the promotion of the child's physical, emotional and moral development, with greater emphasis on the development of the child's capacity to work independently and to participate in the process. At the same time, social knowledge, knowledge of animals and plants, knowledge of the family and the school, and knowledge of the customs of all the communities are learned through games, songs, dances, and children's songs, utilizing lively forms and a wealth of knowledge to develop the child's intellect so that he or she may enter the elementary school without difficulty.

Primary education in Mexico, like the entire education system, is divided into two categories: formal primary education and informal primary education. Formal primary education is the main form of primary education in Mexico, and all children aged six must attend elementary school for six years. Because primary education is free and compulsory, children do not have to pay tuition fees, nor do they have to pay for textbooks, which are supplied by the State. Informal elementary school include bilingual and bicultural elementary school for indigenous populations, special education schools for children with disabilities, and various forms of open elementary school for children over 12 years of age who have not received the education to which they are entitled. In Mexico, the law requires the owner of an enterprise to establish an elementary school for the children of employees who live more than two miles away from a settlement and who have more than 20 children of school age.

In general, the development of primary education in Mexico is relatively rapid among developing countries. According to 1991 statistics, 73% of 5-year-olds and 59% of 4-year-olds in Mexico were enrolled in preschools, 2,839,255 children were enrolled in nursery schools, and more than 6,600,000 children were enrolled in elementary school, and primary schooling was basically universal in the cities. However, there are still considerable problems. For example, there are still 1,500,000 people in rural areas and ethnic minority areas who do not have access to preschool education, and in remote areas and areas with very poor living conditions, about 300,000 children do not have the opportunity to enter elementary school, so that all school-age children are enrolled in school is still a challenge for the Mexican Government.

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b. Higher education:

Higher education in Mexico consists of three components: universities, technical colleges and teacher training colleges. All three are public and private, but public institutions are more numerous and generally larger, with 80% of students attending public universities and colleges.

There is at least one public university in each state, and the campuses of these universities are usually located in different cities. The National Autonomous University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico-UNAM), located in Mexico City, is the largest public university in Mexico, with an enrollment of more than 100,000 students. In 1994, more than 90 industrial colleges accounted for 17 percent of the students in higher education. Teachers' colleges are separate from the regular schools, and the course of study is usually four years. Fourteen state universities have established graduate degrees, and in 1991 more than 2,800 students were admitted to graduate school and more than 1,250 joined the doctoral program.

Universities make up the largest share of higher education, numbering 60 percent of all colleges and 70 percent of all students in colleges and universities. Although the total number of public universities (***40) is rather small compared to the private ones, they are large and therefore have a large share of students (80%). In 1995, 1.4 million students were enrolled in universities, and by 2000 the number will reach 1.8 million.

There are 114,724 professors engaged in higher education in Mexico, teaching in 1,309 universities and technical schools, both public and private. In recent years, postgraduate studies have advanced in the fields of science, anthropology and technology.

The National Association of Universities and Higher Education Institutions (ANUIES - National Association of Universities and Higher Education Institutions) has issued an electronic version of "La Educación Superior en el Siglo XXI". An electronic version of the book, which includes official information about the association and recommendations for future higher education policy in Mexico.

Open and distance education

Over the past three or four decades, open and distance education has become an important means of expanding the reach, quality and efficiency of education in Mexico. Fifty colleges offer this form of education, including courses at the basic level, postgraduate level, teacher training and job skills training.

The National Institute of Higher Education for Adults (INEA) provides primary and secondary level education for adults throughout the country. Universities and private colleges also provide high school and higher education for adults in their regions. about 300,000 people benefited from the OES in 1994.

In 1997, 27.9 million people were enrolled in school in Mexico, an increase of 1.6 million over 1996, of whom 90% were studying in public universities.

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