Public **** basic knowledge management knowledge of public **** policy

1, the principles and methods of public **** policy analysis

Public **** policy analysis must follow the principle of systematic, sex principle, coordination principle, information principle, scientific principle, democratic principle.

The methods of public **** policy analysis include several basic forms such as systematic scientific methods, qualitative analysis methods, quantitative analysis methods, and methods.

2, public **** policy analysis mode

(1) content? Process analysis mode

This is the analysis mode proposed by American scholars McCall and Weber. It emphasizes that public **** policy analysis should focus on the analysis of content and process, and advocates the use of normative analysis and descriptive analysis of two methods.

(2) systematic analysis mode

This is the American administrative scientist Wolfe proposed analysis mode. It emphasizes that policy analysis should not only pay attention to the analysis of policy formulation, but also should strengthen the analysis of policy implementation.

(3) Information Transformation Analysis Model

This model is proposed by the American scholar Dunn. The model believes that public **** policy analysis is mainly a matter of fact, value, norms of the three major issues, which gives rise to empirical methods, evaluation methods, normative methods of analysis of the three methods.

3, the structure of the public **** policy system

Divided from the two directions of time and space, the structure of the public **** policy system can be divided into vertical and horizontal structure.

(1) The vertical structure includes general policy, basic policy and specific policy.

(2) The horizontal structure includes political policy, economic policy, cultural policy, social policy and foreign policy.

4, public **** policy decision-making thinking mode

(1) empirical decision-making mode: the traditional decision-making thinking mode. Refers to the decision-makers based on personal decision-making practical experience in public **** policy choices way of thinking.

(2) rational decision-making mode: after World War II, Western behaviorist political scientists particularly advocate the public **** policy decision-making mode, also known as the scientific decision-making mode. Refers to the decision makers to use scientific empirical quantitative analysis techniques and strict logical procedures, to determine the public **** policy issues to make the best public **** policy program design and policy decision mode of thinking.

(3) irrational decision-making mode: refers to the decision-makers rely on intuition, faith, will, feelings and other irrational factors on the public **** policy to make choices and decisions on the way of thinking.

(4) Progressive decision-making mode: the mode that the policy decision is based on the policy experience of people, through the process of political interaction and gradual debugging, and get *** with the consistent view of the policy activities

(5) Overview of the decision-making mode: a synthesis of the rational decision-making mode and progressive decision-making mode, that is, the use of the progressive decision-making mode approach to the macro point of view of the focus on the policy issues where In addition, the use of rational decision-making mode method from the micro point of view of the key policy issues for the subtle analysis of decision-making.

5, public **** policy decision-making process model

(1) political system decision-making model: this theory is put forward by the American political scientist David Easton. Easton put forward, he pointed out that the public **** policy is the political system to the whole society value of the sexual distribution. The public *** policy decision-making process of the political system is an organic whole that includes environment, input, requirements, support, output and feedback.

(2) Functional process decision-making model: the founder of political science Harold? Lasswell early put forward the decision-making process of the seven functional analysis model, that the public **** policy activity process of the seven mutually continuous functional activity links are intelligence, recommendations, provisions, exercise, utilization, evaluation and termination. On the basis of the seven-function analysis model, Anderson proposed a five-stage functional process decision-making model theory. That is, the formation of the problem, the development of policy programs, policy programs, policy implementation, policy evaluation.

(3) institutional process decision-making model: institutional procedural decision-making model theory, is Simon proposed procedural decision-making and non-procedural decision-making theory, this theory from a dynamic perspective to analyze the management decision-making process, and actively advocate the use of modern decision-making techniques, suggesting that you can use means? Purpose analysis to make non-procedural decision-making into procedural decision-making.

(4) public **** choice decision-making model: this theory is the American economist and political scientist Buchanan in the 1960s, the essence is the study of public **** policy. This theory both want to realize the personal interests of large, but also want to achieve the public **** choice of fair and reasonable, this good subjective motivation but can not overcome the inherent contradiction between the two.

(5) chase decision-making mode: this refers to the implementation of public **** policy decisions, tracking information feedback, decision-making system on the original policy program to supplement, amend, so that the policy program to improve the updated decision-making mode. Its main feature is the tracking and feedback to achieve secondary decision-making.