What are the clean and honest officials in ancient times

1. Bao Zheng (999-1062 A.D.), with the character Xi Ren, a native of Hefei, Luzhou (present-day Hefei, Anhui Province), was the most famous clean official in history.

From his adolescence, he began to aspire to contribute to the country and "do his best to be loyal and die for justice". Bao Zheng started his career as a magistrate, and then served as a magistrate, a transit ambassador and other local administrators; he served as a supervisory minister such as the Supervisory Royal Historian and other supervisory ministers, a senior official in charge of the state's finance such as the Vice-Secretary of the Ministry of Revenue, and other military positions such as the Department of the Ministry of Revenue; he served as a diplomatic envoy to the state of Liaobang; he is most famous for being the pending system of the Heavenly Hall of the Zhangge, and a direct bachelor of Longtu Pavilion, which is why he was called by later generations as the pending system of the Baotou, the Baotou Longtu and Baotou bachelor.

While he served as governor in Kaifeng for only one year or so, after his death, the people of Kaifeng built a Bao Gong Shrine next to the Kaifeng government office to commemorate and enshrine him. Bao Zheng life clean and simple, never pay attention to the ostentation, even if he did a big official, still wearing the same as when the cloth; on the corruption abhorrence, in the zongzong zhang "begging not to use the stolen officials" said "clean, the people of the table also; greedy, the people of the thief also."

He was a life of self-discipline, the body, he served as governor in Duanzhou, rectify the rule of officials, fight corruption, welcomed by the people, leaving the local refined a good inkstone to send, he politely declined, "do not hold an inkstone back"; his life of irony, do not avoid the powerful and noble, law enforcement, as high as a mountain. To the royal relatives, eunuchs and dignitaries of the wrongdoing, all strongly advocate to bring to justice. Vigorously vindicating wrongful imprisonment is the main content of Bao Zheng's life and death, which is y praised and extolled by the people.

Bao Zheng was famous at that time and in later times, especially after his death, as the typical image of a clean official, which was greatly exaggerated by different genres of literature and art works, making it with magical colors. With the progress of cultural exchanges in the international arena, the historical figure and artistic image of Pao Zheng also won worldwide fame. Although there is a great difference between the image of Bao Zheng in history and that in art works, Bao Zheng's life, which was appreciated by the highest feudal ruler as well as embraced and loved by the lower class people who were in dire straits, is indeed very typical as a Qing official.　

2, Zhao Guanghan, word Zidu, Western Han Dynasty Zhuo County Liwu County people.

He was the governor of Yingchuan County and the governor of Jingzhao. During his tenure as governor of Yingchuan County, the best stage of Zhao Guanghan's pre-governance, he was not afraid of power, shrewd and capable, and in just a few months' time after his arrival, he had done two great things: firstly, he had cracked down on the power of the big clans and eased the social contradictions; and secondly, he had strengthened the local administration and transformed the local undesirable atmosphere. His reputation for prowess thus spread, and the present biography of the Book of Han describes his skill in handling government affairs as his nature. When Zhao Guanghan was serving as the governor of Jingzhao, he showed a high sense of responsibility and handled all official affairs, often through the night. He was also a good thinker and efficient.

During the period of his administration, the Jingzhao region was politically clear, and the officials and the people all praised him. However, the responsibility of the governor of the capital lies in the management of the capital, because at the foot of the emperor, the day-to-day handling of political affairs is easy to offend the royal relatives and prominent nobles of the dynasty, so, although Zhao Guanghan is considered to be one of the best of the capital administrators, but also still fell into the end of the waist beheaded. During his tenure as a magistrate, Zhao Guanghan was praised by the people for his honesty and purity, and for his ability to control the powerful.

3. Huang Ba (?

3. Huang Ba (? -51 B.C.), courtesy name Zigong, was a native of Huaiyang Yangxia (present-day Taikang, Henan Province) during the Western Han Dynasty.

Ban Gu, a historian, commented, "Since the establishment of the Han Dynasty, Huang Ba has been the first official to govern the people." When Huang Ba was still a young man, he set his ambition to be a good official. Since there was no imperial examination system during the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in order to alleviate his financial difficulties, issued an edict that anyone who contributed property to the state would be given an official to do so.

Huang Ba then exchanged grain for a pawn historian. After politics, the law, honesty as the basis; to understand the people's feelings, in order to advise the lesson of agriculture and mulberry as a priority. In particular, Huang Ba case, advocating benevolent government, opposed to torture; on the doubtful case adhere to the light treatment; advocate for the implementation of the crime of leniency within the Ming, education first, focusing on prevention, so, Huang Ba for the official, the people support, the court is satisfied with the subordinates pleased to serve. Therefore, Huang Ba's officialdom was supported by the people, satisfied by the court, and pleased by his subordinates. Huang Ba was thus promoted from a petty historian with a salary of 200 stones a year to the prime minister of the court. He was the most prominent governor of Yingchuan County, one of the largest counties in China at the time.

Previously, Yingchuan County was a place where the powerful landlords dominated and the people were displaced, but after he arrived, he took a bold step to show kindness, resettle the displaced people, emphasize on agriculture and mulberry, and carry out the education, and after a few years of careful management, Yingchuan had a peaceful and stable situation, the officials' rule was clear, the production was developed, and the "fields were given to the side, and no one was killed in the road". The emperor therefore issued an edict praising Huang Ba as the best of the good officials.

4, Xu Yougong (? -702), whose real name was Xu Hongmin, was a native of Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty, and was the most famous official specializing in the trial of cases in the Tang Dynasty.

In ancient times, most of the official positions are administrative and judicial mixed, only in the court there are specialized trial officials, but in the bureaucracy of the status is extremely low, but also difficult to do. Xu Yougong although long served as a full-time examiner, but because of the courage to strictly abide by the law, the offending face of direct advice, the enforcement of the right, the vindication of hundreds of cases of injustice, to save the lives of up to ten thousand people and the history of the name. Xu Yougong successively served as a judicial counselor in Puzhou, the Secretary of the Criminal Justice Temple (i.e., the Da Lisi), the Secretary of the Criminal Justice, the Autumn Minister (i.e., the Ministry of Criminal Justice), and the Secretary of the Criminal Justice Department of the Langzhong Royal Palace, and other positions.

When Xu Yougong was an official, it was during the Wuzhou period, when the Empress Wu was in turmoil above and the cool officials below, so it was not easy for him to enforce the law. Due to Xu Youkong before and after the implementation of justice in six or seven hundred cases, to save the lives of tens of thousands of people, and therefore inevitably offend the cool officials, treacherous ministers, frequently impeached, push the trial, but ultimately can not be found because of the evidence of his corruption or favoritism, so that he was charged with capital punishment three times, three times was pardoned, twice removed from the office and two times to come back, in spite of this, he is still holding the will to not be faithful, do not flatter and flattering, and dedicated to law enforcement to keep the right. Because of this, Xu Youfeng became a rare history of a full-time "judge", was known as "since ancient times" of the good officials.

5, Dee Renjie (607-700 AD), the word Huaiying, the Tang Dynasty, and the state of Taiyuan (now southwest of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province).

He took the examination for the Mingjing Section (one of the subjects in the imperial examination system of the Tang Dynasty) and thus entered the civil service. After entering politics, he went through the two eras of Emperor Gaozong and Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty. He was initially appointed as the Legal Counselor of the Governor's Office in the province of Bingzhou, transferred to the Dali Chancellor, and then changed to be the Serving Royal Historian, and then served as the Assassin of Ningzhou and Yuzhou, and as the Servant of the Di Guan.

Di Renjie for the government, in order to save the innocent, dare to defy the will of the monarch, always maintain compassion for the people, not afraid of the power of the nature of the people, always in the hall above, to the people for the worry, later called "the pillar of the Tang Dynasty". He was in charge of the criminal law of the Dali Prime Minister, to one year, they dealt with the previous legacy of more than 17,000 cases, of which none of them appealed for redress of grievances, the justice of its dealings can be seen, whereby many wonderful legends, even the Netherlands has also been used as a theme, compiled a book of "Tang Dee Renjie Case Legends".

6, Chen Xiliang, the word Gongbi, the Northern Song Dynasty Meizhou Qing Shen (now belongs to Sichuan) people, originally from Jingzhao (now the city of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province).

He was an official for more than 30 years from the beginning of the first degree, and served as a magistrate, governor, governor, and transporter and other local officials, and also served in the capital city of Kaifeng and the imperial court. No matter whether he was an official in the local area or the capital city, Chen Xiliang was cynical as if he was an enemy, and he did not consider his own personal fortune and fortune and advancement and retreat, which was praised for the common people and feared by the princes and dignitaries.

He died at the age of 64 due to overwork. Su Shi, a famous literary scholar, claimed that he did not make any tombstone for people in his life, but he greatly admired Chen Xiliang's behavior, and worried that Chen Xiliang's deeds would be lost to posterity, and made an exception to the rule and wrote the biography of Chen Gongbi.