Knowledge points of automobile charging system

1. What are the charging methods for electric vehicles?

At present, there are five charging methods for electric vehicle I * * *, including slow charging, fast charging, battery replacement, wireless charging and mobile charging. Most electric vehicles in the market support slow charging and fast charging, and are equipped with slow charging and fast charging interfaces. Other charging methods have not been widely used.

Slow charging: also known as conventional charging and vehicle charging, it is suitable for vehicle chargers and household wall-mounted charging piles. The charging current and power are relatively small, and the charging time usually takes 6 to 8 hours.

Fast charging: also known as ground charging and emergency charging, including charging station and mobile auxiliary tram. The off-board charger is mainly used to directly charge the battery with high current, so that the battery can be charged to about 80% in a short time, and it can be fully charged in general 1 hour.

Power exchange: charge the car battery by replacing the power battery. That is, when the power battery is exhausted, replace the battery pack with a fully charged battery and send the replaced battery to the power station for slow charging.

Wireless charging: without wires and cables, it can be automatically connected to the power grid through wireless charging boards embedded in roads and parking spaces for charging and discharging. This charging method is convenient and safe to use, but it has not been used in mass production for the time being.

Mobile charging: Mobile charging (MAC) is an extension of wireless charging. Electric car owners don't need to find a charging station, take the time to charge and cruise on the road to charge. The mobile charging system will be buried under a section of road, leaving no extra space to draw the charging section.

2. Will fast charging consume the battery?

Accurately speaking, frequent fast charging will cause some damage to the battery compared with slow charging.

Because fast charging uses a current several times or even dozens times higher than the standard charging current, it is charged. In the fast charge mode, when the charge reaches about 80%, the subsequent charge will be filled in the form of slow charge. If fast charge is used frequently, it will accelerate the polarization of the battery, resulting in lithium precipitation from the battery.

In the process of lithium precipitation, lithium ions will decrease, which will eventually lead to the decrease of battery capacity, and then affect the battery life. Except for lithium iron phosphate battery, if the battery is allowed to rest for a short time after fast charging, lithium metal will change back to lithium ion and the critical temperature will return to normal. However, frequent fast charging will reduce the reduction ability of the battery.

In order to ensure that electric vehicles can better solve the cruising range, car owners can choose the practice of "daily slow charging and emergency fast charging" or slow charging once a week to supplement.

3. What's wrong with charging electric vehicles?

The charging process of electric vehicle is mainly divided into six steps: physical connection, low-voltage auxiliary power-on, charging handshake, charging parameter configuration, charging and charging end.

To charge an electric vehicle with a charging pile, the first condition to be met is the matching of the charging gun and the charging interface, that is, the physical connection. If the charging gun can be inserted into the car normally, the foundation of charging is established. Low-voltage auxiliary power-on is the process of powering up the vehicle BMS. Only when the BMS is powered on can we further shake hands with the charging pile, that is, confirm the versions with each other. If the versions are the same, BMS will send detailed vehicle information and exchange information with charging piles. In the process of car charging, both of them will produce a lot of news. If there is a mismatch, the normal charging work cannot be completed.

Usually, in the case of charging failure or charging interruption, the charging pile will display the charging failure reason code. The meaning of these codes can be found online, but it is a waste of time to find them. It is suggested to call the customer service of the charging pile or ask the staff of the charging station the meaning of the fault code to determine whether the charging fault is caused by the car or the charging pile.

4. Can't the electric car be charged in rainy days?

On rainy days, many car owners will worry that rain water will penetrate into the battery during driving or charging, resulting in leakage.

In fact, the state strictly controls the waterproof performance of charging piles, charging gun sockets and other parts to avoid accidents such as electric leakage during charging. As far as the electric vehicle itself is concerned, the vehicle-mounted power battery is waterproof and the charging port is designed with insulating sealing ring.

Therefore, electric vehicles can be charged in rainy days, but during the charging operation, umbrellas and other items should be used for shielding protection to ensure that the charging port and charging gun are in a dry state, and both hands should be kept dry when plugging and unplugging the charging gun and closing the vehicle charging cover. In case of severe weather such as thunderstorm or typhoon, try not to choose outdoor charging, focusing on personal safety.

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