How is chicken manure fermented?

Unfermented fertilizers will ferment after being applied to the soil, generating heat and harmful gases, and will also rot seeds and burn roots and seedlings. Moreover, long fermentation time will cause fertilizer damage and affect crop growth. If there is no fermented and decomposed farm organic fertilizer, there will be more pests and diseases after being applied to the soil. Animal manure, crop stalks and leftovers all contain germs, eggs and viruses. If it is directly applied to the soil, it will spread, multiply and multiply in the soil.

Fermentation principle of organic fertilizer

Rotten pig manure organic fertilizer generally needs two stages, namely, the first high-temperature composting fermentation stage and the second aging stage. Unstable organic matter is transformed into stable humus through decomposition process and microbial action. Its temperature change can define whether it decomposes or not.

The second stage: at the beginning, the temperature drops, the oxygen absorption rate drops, and the smell disappears completely. Compared with the first composting, the second composting is essential, because the second composting can degrade refractory organic matter and re-establish mesophilic microbial colonies, thus contributing to the decomposition of organic fertilizer, reducing phytotoxic substances and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria.

The first stage: through the proportion of raw materials and substrates, the compost heap will absorb high oxygen, produce high temperature, reduce a large number of degradable volatile solids, gradually reduce odor, and gradually change the color of the compost heap, so it is necessary to maintain good ventilation and humidity control.

Heating stage: the decomposition temperature of organic fertilizer rises to 45℃, which is mainly composed of actinomycetes, fungi and bacteria, and mainly decomposes sugar and starch. Even active creatures, animals and animals are involved. High temperature stage: when the decomposition temperature reaches above 45℃, mesophilic microorganisms are inhibited and thermophilic bacteria are dominant. Soluble organic matter continues to be oxidized and decomposed, and complex organic matter (cellulose, hemicellulose, protein, lignin) also begins to decompose. About 50℃ (thermophilic fungi and actinomycetes); About 60℃ (thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes); About 70℃ (most microorganisms can't adapt). The optimum decomposition temperature is 55℃, because most microorganisms are most active at this temperature, and it is easy to decompose organic matter, and most germs, eggs and weed seeds will be killed. Cooling stage: thermophilic microorganisms began to multiply again, taking advantage and further decomposing the residual refractory organic matter. At this time, the microbial activity decreases, the oxygen demand of compost decreases, the temperature decreases, and the pile gradually stabilizes.

Organic fertilizer fermentation method

Anaerobic fermentation: Composting process mainly using anaerobic microorganisms under anoxic or anaerobic conditions. In addition to humus organic matter, carbon dioxide and methane, the final products also include reducing substances such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other organic acids. The process is simple and does not need ventilation, but the reaction speed is slow and the composting period is long.

Aerobic fermentation: the process in which microorganisms transform organic matter into stable humus under the conditions of artificial control and certain C/N ratio, moisture, temperature and ventilation. This compost is tasteless and flies-free, but it has a faint earthy smell.

Organic fertilizer fermentation process

Static composting: no need to turn over the pile, which can ensure the effective realization of high temperature and bacteria inactivation and shorten the composting cycle.

Dynamic strip composting: the aerobic state of the pile is ensured by turning the pile regularly manually or mechanically.

Reactor composting: It is carried out in one or several containers, which can effectively control the temperature and humidity, thus monitoring the fermentation degree of compost.